麦冬类中药组织切片计算机三维重建图鉴

利用计算机技术实现麦冬类中药组织连续切片三维重建与动态显示,为计算机辅助生药学鉴定和教学提供了新的三维图像技术和研究资料。     

Michaelis-Menten metabolite formation kinetics: equations relating area under the curve and metabolite recovery to the administered dose

A computational approach which concomitantly determines the capacity-limited rate constants of parent drug elimination and metabolite formation is presented. The approach applies both the presently derived total excretory recovery versus dose relationships of the metabolite and the AUC versus dose relationships of the parent drug to identify the parameters. Three parent drug elimination conditions were assessed: pooled first-order, pooled Michaelis-Menten, and parallel first-order and pooled Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Model and parameter identification criteria are discussed. Literature data for theophylline and two of its metabolites in rats were examined to reveal pooled Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics of theophylline and capacity-limited formation of the metabolites. The proposed technique is useful for quantitating commonly obtained nonlinear drug disposition data such as AUC and amount of metabolites excreted.     

THE IMPACT OF PRE-CLERKING CLINICS ON SURGICAL OPERATION CANCELLATIONS: A PROSPECTIVE AUDIT

Pre-clerking of all patients undergoing elective general surgical operations was introduced at our hospital in an attempt to reduce an unacceptably high operation cancellation rate. A prospective audit has been performed on the effect of this policy on the cancellation rate. Before the introduction of pre-clerking there was a marked seasonal variation in the number of patients who failed to attend for surgery, which could be explained by absence on holiday. This seasonal variation disappeared after the start of pre-clerking clinics, but there has been no reduction in the number of cancellations for medical reasons.     

Impact of clinical history on fracture detection with radiography

The effect of knowledge of localizing symptoms and signs in the detection of fractures was studied. Forty radiographs of the extremities were examined twice by seven radiologists; the sessions were separated by 4 months. In 26 cases, a subtle fracture was present; 14 cases were normal. In half of the cases at each session, the precise location of pain, tenderness, or swelling was provided. The observer was asked to determine if the case was normal or abnormal (provide the exact location of the fracture) and to indicate the degree of confidence in the diagnosis. Responses were converted to a numeric scale for analysis. Analysis of receiver operator characteristic parameters indicates that clues regarding location of trauma facilitate detection of fractures. The improvement is based largely on an increased true-positive rate without an increased false-positive rate, regardless of the decision criteria of the radiologist (overall willingness to "overread" or "underread"). This has direct clinical applicability and reinforces the plea of radiologists for precise clinical information.     

雷丸多糖的抗炎及免疫刺激作用

Lei Wan, Poliporus mylittae Cook et Mass(Omphalia lapidescena Scbraet) is a kind of fungus used in traditional Chinese medicine, as an antheiminthie From Lei Wan, an "active component designated as. S-4001 had been isolated.Preliminary results indicate that S-4001 belongs to D, β, 1-3 glucan with some 1-6 linkages.After administration of S-4001, significant antiinflammatory activity was found in various experimental animal models, including croton oil induced ear edema in mice and agar or yeast induced ankle swelling in rats. An inhibitory action on leucocyte migration inducced by intraperitoneal injection of CMC in rats was also observed. The plasma content of corticosterone was significantly increased, but the content of ascorbic acid in the adrenals did not change in rats given S-4001. Apart from these actions, S-4001 showed a number of immunostimulating actions such as increasing the clearance of Congo red from mice blood and potentiating the immunohemolysis reaction in 615 mice.     

Measuring maternal mortality: An overview of opportunities and options for developing countries

Background  

There is currently an unprecedented expressed need and demand for estimates of maternal mortality in developing countries. This has been stimulated in part by the creation of a Millennium Development Goal that will be judged partly on the basis of reductions in maternal mortality by 2015.     

Conservative management of early endometrial adenocarcinoma with repeat curettage and hormone therapy under assistance of hysteroscopy and laparoscopy

We report a rare case of early-stage endometrial adenocarcinoma in a 22 year old nullipara with polycystic ovaries undergoing conservative treatment. Pretreatment evaluation including tumour grade, depth of myometrial invasion, tumour size, hormone receptor status and flow cytometric analysis indicated a favourable prognosis. The patient underwent repeat endometrial curettage and a 6 month period of therapy with megestrol acetate and tamoxifen. A combination contraceptive pill was then prescribed to ensure withdrawal of the menstrual cycle thereafter. Now, 1 year after the last curettage, there is no evidence of disease. During the treatment period, hysteroscopy allowed for a more precise approach in panoramically examining the tumour nest in the endometrial cavity, and the subsequent endometrial response to hormone therapy. Laparoscopy using bulldog clamps applied to the isthmic portion of the Fallopian tubes prevented i.p. spread of endometrial tissue from retrograde regurgitation during hysteroscopy. Laparoscopic ovarian electrocautery resulted in the reduction of abnormal hypervascularization on the surface of polycystic ovaries postoperatively but caused a peri-ovarian adhesion complication. It is interesting that this case posed a unique opportunity to demonstrate the tumour regression under the assistance of laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.