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Maria Hortal Miguel Estevan Ines Iraola Bremen De Mucio 《International journal of infectious diseases》2007,11(3):273-277
BACKGROUND: Population-based studies on childhood community-acquired pneumonia are scarce in Latin America. Pneumococcal epidemiology is poorly defined, hence the World Health Organization recommended standardized chest radiograph interpretation to improve the approach to bacterial pneumonia. Therefore, our study aimed to estimate the burden of pneumonia in hospitalized children. METHODS: A three-year surveillance study was carried out in four hospitals covering a population of 229,128 inhabitants of whom 10.2% were under five years of age. Clinical records and digitization of their chest radiographs were obtained. A pediatrician and a pediatric radiologist blinded to the clinical diagnosis interpreted the digital images. RESULTS: Of 2034 patients, 826 (40.6%) had consolidated pneumonia, 941 (46.3%) had non-consolidated pneumonia, and 267 (13.1%) had no pneumonia. Children under two years of age predominated (66.9%). The average annual incidence rate for consolidated pneumonia over the three-year study period was 1175/10(5). Eighteen invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated from patients with consolidated pneumonia and two from those with non-consolidated pneumonia. Respiratory syncytial virus was evenly distributed between both X-ray groups. CONCLUSIONS: Patients younger than two years of age predominated, being the main targets for anti-pneumococcal conjugated vaccines. Incidence rates provided evidence of the burden of consolidated pneumonia for childhood, estimating the potential benefits of vaccination. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are an important cause of infant morbidity in both developing and developed countries, and they are the leading cause of death in poorer parts of the world. Respiratory viruses appear to be the most frequent microbiological pathogens, especially respiratory syncytial virus. It has been suggested that factors such as being male, overcrowding, poor access to medical care, low level of maternal education, and passive smoking are associated with contracting ARIs. DESIGN: A fixed birth cohort of 571 children was followed from birth to 1 year of age. The children were monitored for symptoms of ARIs during regular home visits. SETTING: An urban low-income setting in Soweto, a township outside Johannesburg with an estimated 1.2 million inhabitants, including an estimated 45,000 children under 2 years of age. SUBJECTS: A total of 571 children were observed for 118,650 days. OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence rate of ARIs. The determinants birth weight, breastfeeding, gender, crowding, passive smoking, indoor pollution, and sanitary facilities were analysed. RESULTS: A total of 489 episodes of coughing or coughing and nasal discharge combined were recorded. Only the father's level of education and the number of people living in the household remained significant in the multivariate analyses. The incidence of severe ARIs was reduced among breastfed infants. CONCLUSIONS: Our study supports previous observations suggesting that crowding and communal living conditions are important determinants of ARIs. Breastfeeding seemed protective against severe ARI. The lack of association with well-described risk factors such as low level of maternal education, gender and passive smoking could be due to lack of statistical power in this rather uniform population. 相似文献
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Ines Florath Alexander Albert Wael Hassanein Bert Arnrich Ulrich Rosendahl Ina C Ennker Jürgen Ennker 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2006,30(5):716-721
OBJECTIVE: Haematological and biochemical measurements are performed routinely before surgery to exclude organ malfunction and blood cell and coagulation abnormalities. We aimed to test routinely obtained laboratory data as factors predicting operative risk. METHODS: Between 1996 and 2003, 2198 patients underwent aortic valve replacement (AVR) (908 of them with concomitant CABG) in our institute. The mean age of the study population was 69+/-11 years (range 13-91, 43% female). Clinical and laboratory parameters based on the consolidated data mart set were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The overall operative mortality (within 30 days) was 3.8% and the mortality after 3 months was 5.9%. In addition to clinical characteristics, the following laboratory values were identified as independent predictors of 30-day mortality: fasting blood glucose, antithrombine III, partial thromboplastine time and creatinine kinase. As independent predictors of 3-month mortality, the following laboratory values were indentified: fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, antithrombine III, partial thromboplastine time, lactate dehydrogenase, sodium concentration and serum proteins. The discriminative power of the models increased if laboratory parameters were included in addition to preoperative clinical characteristics (from 0.75 to 0.79 and from 0.75 to 0.78 for 30-day and 3-month mortality, respectively). The discriminative power using the logistic EuroScore was lower (0.71 and 0.7, for 30-day and 3-month mortality, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Laboratory parameters as objective markers for organ function and nutritional status are useful data for the prediction of 30-day and 3-month mortality after aortic valve replacement. Using modern methods of information technology, these valuable data which are stored electronically in most hospitals, can be used efficiently for research and quality control. 相似文献
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Stefan Ockert Hardy Schumacher Dittmar B?ckler Ines Megges Jens-Rainer Allenberg 《Journal of endovascular therapy》2007,14(3):324-332
PURPOSE: To compare early and midterm results of open versus endovascular aortic repair of ruptured abdominal aneurysms (rAAA). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed of 58 consecutive patients with rAAA who were treated with open or endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) at a single center between January 2000 and December 2005. Patients without definitive signs of rupture (symptomatic patients) were excluded from the study. Twenty-nine patients (21 men; median age 71 years) were treated using endovascular techniques (EVAR group) and 29 (28 men; median age 71 years) with open repair (OR group).The hemodynamic status at the time of admission was evaluated with respect to blood pressure, pulse rate, and hemoglobin level to reduce selection bias. Patients underwent follow-up by clinical examination and computed tomography. RESULTS: The 30-day mortality rate was 31% (9/29) in each group (p = 1.0); the morbidity rates also did not differ between groups [16 (55.2%) EVAR vs. 18 (62.1%) OR; p = 0.9]. There was 1 (3.4%) primary conversion in the EVAR group and 7 (24.1%) endoleaks [3 (10.3%) primary; 4 (13.8%) secondary]. There was no difference between the groups with regard to intensive care unit stay (4 days for EVAR vs. 3 days for OR, p = 0.98) or total hospital stay (9 days for EVAR vs. 12 days for OR, p = 0.69). After a mean follow-up of 40.25 months (range 1-70), the midterm mortality rates did not differ [5 (17.2%) EVAR vs. 3 (10.3%) OR, p = 0.41]. CONCLUSION: EVAR of rAAAs is feasible, with equal early and midterm mortality rates compared to open repair. When a defined patient selection is used for rupture, including hemodynamic status, there is no evidence of a better outcome with EVAR in emergency cases. 相似文献
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A cDNA for the estradiol-regulated 24K protein: Control of mRNA levels in MCF-7 cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ines Moretti-Rojas Suzanne A. W. Fuqua Robert A. Montgomery III William L. McGuire 《Breast cancer research and treatment》1988,11(2):155-163
We have previously demonstrated an estradiol-regulated 24 kDa (24K) protein in human breast cancer tissue culture cells and human tumor biopsies. The presence of 24K correlates well with the presence of steroid hormone receptors. In order to further study the hormonal regulation of the 24K protein and gene, we have isolated cDNA clones corresponding to the 24K mRNA.Poly(A)+ RNA isolated from the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line was translated in a cell-free translation system containing [35S]-methionine. The translation products were immunoprecipitated with a 24K monoclonal antibody, and thein vitro synthesis of 24K protein was confirmed by sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The same poly(A)+ RNA was used to construct an oligo(dT)-primed cDNA library in thegt11 expression vector system. The library was screened with a highly specific polyclonal antibody raised against 24K protein purified by immunoaffinity chromatography. Four recombinant clones reacting with the antibody by virtue of antigen expression were isolated and three were used in hybridization-selected translation. Three clones were able to hybridize specifically to a messenger RNA (mRNA) that yielded a Mr 24,000 protein when translatedin vitro and analyzed by SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This protein was also immunoprecipitable by the 24K monoclonal antibody. MCF-7 mRNA size fractionated by formaldehyde-agarose gel electrophoresis was transferred to nitrocellulose paper and hybridized to a nick-translated 24K cDNA clone. A single band of hybridization corresponding to a mRNA size of approximately 0.9–1.0 kilobase (kb) was observed. Using this same technique, 24K cDNA was hybridized to mRNA extracted from MCF-7 cells that had been treated for varying periods with either estradiol, nafoxidine, or tamoxifen. The 24K mRNA was elevated by the addition of estradiol, and clearly diminished by nafoxidine and tamoxifen.These results demonstrate that we have isolated cDNA clones for the study of the hormonal regulation of the 24K gene in breast cancer cells, and have shown that the mRNA is regulated by estradiol. 相似文献
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The natural ligands of the S100 EF hand proteins S100A8 and A9 [myeloid-related proteins 8 and 14] have long been searched for in order to further the understanding of the role of the S100A8/A9-expressing monocyte subpopulation in progressing inflammatory processes. We demonstrate that S100A8, S100A9 and the S100A8/A9 heterodimeric complex bind to human dermal microvascular endothelial cell line (HMEC)-1 with an increasing binding capacity progressing from S100A8 < or = S100A9 < or = S100A8/A9. Similar results were obtained in the apolipoprotein E knockout mouse model, where preferably recombinant S100A9 but no S100A8 bound to the endothelium of the aorta ascendens. The binding of the S100A8/A9 heterodimer complex to activated HMEC-1 is specific as demonstrated by a dose-responding and satiable binding curve and the competition of FITC-labeled versus unlabeled protein. The protein character of the binding site was proven by treatment with trypsin. S100A8/A9 binding to HMEC-1 is inducible by lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and in the presence of calcium. A 163-kDa protein was isolated from a cell lysate of activated HMEC-1 cells using an affinity-chromatography protocol. The endothelial cell-associated ligand proteins isolated by the use of the S100A9 monomer and the S100A8/A9 dimer were subjected to mass spectrometry for protein identification. Clearly, alpha(2)-macroglobulin was identified as a binding partner for the S100A9 monomer, whereas no protein could be identified from the database for the ligand of the S100A8/A9 dimer. 相似文献
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Silvio S. Silva Ismael M. Mancilha Maurício A. Queiroz Maria G. A. Felipe Ines C. Roberto Michele Vitolo 《Journal of basic microbiology》1994,34(3):205-208
The xylose conversion into xylitol by Candida guilliermondii was evaluated in semi-synthetic media supplemented with different nitrogen sources in a ratio C/N equal 25.6. It was noticed that the xylitol yield was around 80% and also that the type of nitrogen source did not influence this bioconversion. 相似文献