急性心肌梗死再灌注期间的心电变化特征

目的　探讨急性心肌梗死 (AMI)再灌注期间的心电变化特征。方法　 46例经急诊冠状动脉造影明确为成功再灌注的AMI,其中 2 4例接受溶栓治疗和 2 2例接受直接经皮腔内冠状动脉成形 ,于发病的 6小时内以动态心电图技术持续2 4小时监测心电图变化 ,并与 1 5例无灌注者进行对比。结果　①再灌注发生后 ,相应导联ST段迅速下降 ,约 2小时达较低水平 ;同时 ,T波正向振幅进行性降低 ,距再灌注 0～ 2 2 (2 7± 4 5)小时呈现T波倒置并逐渐加深。②再灌注后的 1小时内 ,室性心律失常明显增加 ,6～ 8小时后显著减少。结论　AMI早期再灌注发生后呈现特征性心电变化 ,及时识别这些特征将有助于临床评估再灌注状态和危险度分层     

冠心病不同临床类型患者血浆、血小板脂质过氧化损伤与TXA_2/PGI_2平衡的研究

作者观察98例正常人和109例不同临床类型冠心病人血浆、血小板LPO、SOD,SeGSHP_x,RBC—SOD及血浆TXB_2、6-keto-PGF_(1α)的变化,发现各型冠心病组均有LPO、PL—LPO、TxB_2、TxB_2/6-keto-PGF_(1α)比值明显升高,6-keto-PGF_(1α),SOD、PLSOD、RBC-SOD,SOD/LPO及SeGSHPX/LPO比值明显降低。但各型程度不同,以急性心肌梗塞和不稳定性心绞痛改变突出。血浆LPO与6-keto-PGF_(1α)呈显著负相关。提示脂质过氧化损伤与TXA_2/PGI_2平衡密切相关。认为SOD/LPO、SeGSHPx/LPO,TXB_2/6-keto-PGF_(1α)比值在冠心病诊断中是重要有意义的指标,血小板SOD/LPO比值能更敏感地反映冠心病人氧化与抗氧化能力的平衡状态。     

静态与动态下脱细胞猪主动脉瓣种植人成纤维细胞初步研究

目的 探索在脱细胞猪主动脉瓣膜材料上种植人成纤维细胞的方法与效果；材料和方法 采用在脱细胞猪主动脉瓣膜材料上静态与动态种植人成纤维细胞，并对其结果进行比较研究。结果 静态种植不能在猪主动脉瓣叶的两侧形成完整的单层人成纤维细胞融合层；而经过动态种植，在一定条件下可以在猪主动脉瓣叶两侧形成完整的单层人成纤维细胞融合层；结论 动态种植较之静态种植易达到形成完整均匀的细胞种植效果。     

Race and the response to adrenergic blockade with carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure

BACKGROUND: The benefits of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers may be smaller in black patients than in patients of other races, but it is unknown whether race influences the response to carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure. METHODS: In the U.S. Carvedilol Heart Failure Trials Program, 217 black and 877 nonblack patients (in New York Heart Association class II, III, or IV and with a left ventricular ejection fraction of no more than 0.35) were randomly assigned to receive placebo or carvedilol (at doses of 6.25 to 50 mg twice daily) for up to 15 months. The effects of carvedilol on ejection fraction, clinical status, and major clinical events were retrospectively compared between black and nonblack patients. RESULTS: As compared with placebo, carvedilol lowered the risk of death from any cause or hospitalization for any reason by 48 percent in black patients and by 30 percent in nonblack patients. Carvedilol reduced the risk of worsening heart failure (heart failure leading to death, hospitalization, or a sustained increase in medication) by 54 percent in black patients and by 51 percent in nonblack patients. The ratios of the relative risks associated with carvedilol for these two outcome variables in black as compared with nonblack patients were 0.74 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.42 to 1.34) and 0.94 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.43 to 2.05), respectively. Carvedilol also improved functional class, ejection fraction, and the patients' and physicians' global assessments in both the black patients and the nonblack patients. For all these measures of outcome and clinical status, carvedilol was superior to placebo within each racial cohort (P<0.05 in all analyses), and there was no significant interaction between race and treatment (P> 0.05 in all analyses). CONCLUSIONS: The benefit of carvedilol was apparent and of similar magnitude in both black and nonblack patients with heart failure.     

In Vitro Validation of Tissue Doppler Left Ventricular Regional Wall Velocities by Using a Novel Balloon Phantom

Velocity data from tissue Doppler imaging (TDI)can provide valuable information on regional leftventricular wallmotion. Validation of TDImyocardialvelocity measurements has been carried out indirectlyfrom gray- scale M- mode images,and discrepancieshave been reported.Mc Dicken[1] and Miyatake etal[2 ]have reported the accuracy and validity of the TDIsystem using a rotating sponge model.However theoverall motion of the heart should be considered.Inthe present study,we described a new TDI…     

80例正常人体表标测Q-T_d~p的观察

采用９１ 导联体表电位标测法（ Ｂ Ｓ Ｐ Ｍ） 观察８０ 例正常人 Ｑ Ｔｐｄ（ Ｑ 波起点到 Ｔ 波峰值间期的离散度） ,与同步１２ 导联心电图 Ｑ Ｔ 离散度（ Ｑ Ｔｄ） 对照,探讨 Ｂ Ｓ Ｐ Ｍ 条件下测定 Ｑ Ｔｄ 的可行性。结果：① Ｑ Ｔｐ 、 Ｑ Ｔｐｄ 、 Ｑ Ｔｐｃ１ｄ（ Ｂａｚｚｅｔｔ 公式校正） 、 Ｑ Ｔｐｃ２ｄ（ Ｆｒｉｄｅｒｃｉａ 公式校正） 分别为（２９２ ．６９ ±３７ ．７５） ｍｓ 、（３６ ．７７ ±７ ．４０） ｍｓ 、（４０ ．２３ ±９ ．０４） ｍｓ 和（４０ ．１１ ±７ ．７３） ｍｓ ;② Ｑ Ｔｐｄ 与 Ｑ Ｔｄ 、 Ｑ Ｔｐｃ１ｄ 与 Ｑ Ｔｃ１ｄ 、 Ｑ Ｔｐｃ２ｄ 与 Ｑ Ｔｃ２ｄ 有良好的相关性;③３ 个年龄组（１８ ～３５ 岁、３６ ～６０ 岁、６１ ～７０ 岁） 各参数间无显著性差异;④ Ｑ Ｔｐ 女性明显大于男性（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ,其余各值男女性之间均无显著性差异。提示： Ｂ Ｓ Ｐ Ｍ 测定 Ｑ Ｔｐｄ 简便可行、较为准确,正常值可暂定为５２ ｍｓ 。     

新生儿及婴儿完全型肺静脉异位引流的外科治疗

目的　回顾性探讨新生儿及婴儿完全型肺静脉异位引流 (TAPVC)的早期外科手术效果。方法　 2 0 0 1年 3月～ 2 0 0 3年 4月 ,共收治 8kg以下完全型肺静脉异位引流患儿 13例 ,男 11例 ,女 2例。体重 (3.5～ 8)kg ,平均体重 (5 .0 3± 1.15 )kg。年龄 2 0d～ 11个月 ,平均年龄 (3.73± 3.30 )个月。心上型 6例 (4 6 .15 % 6 /13) ,心内型 4例 (30 .77% 4 /13) ,心下型 2例 (15 .38% 2 /13) ,混合型 1例 (7.6 9% 1/13)。所有患儿均在全麻低温体外循环下行矫治术。结果　术后早期死亡 2例(15 .38% ) ,均为心上型 ,2例心下型全部存活 ,随访 9例 ,时间为 2个月～ 2年 ,心功能均良好。结论　完全型肺静脉异位引流早期矫治效果良好 ,心下型肺静脉异位引流一旦确诊应急诊手术 ,不增加手术死亡率。     

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Prolonged QTc Interval in HIV-Infected Patients: Results of the HIV-HEART Study

Abstract

Background: Corrected QT (QTc) prolongation is predictive of cardiovascular mortality in both the general and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) populations. Objective: As part of the HIV-HEART study, we assessed the prevalence and risk factors of a prolonged QTc interval in patients with HIV infection. Methods: In this cross-sectional cohort study, 802 unselected HIV-infected patients were included. Data were analyzed by the use of gender-specific QTc categories (men abnormal at > 440 ms and women abnormal at >460 ms). Multiple variables related to infection and treatment were collected. Results were analyzed with a multivariable model. Results: The QTc interval was found to be prolonged in 154 patients (19.8%; 95% CI 17–23). The mean (±SD) QTc in men (n = 142) presenting with a prolonged QTc interval was 456 ± 16.3 ms (range 441–548 ms).The mean (±SD) QTc in women (n = 12) presenting with a prolonged QTc interval was 479 ± 9 ms (range 465–498 ms). In the multivariable model, female gender, diabetes mellitus, and arterial hypertension were associated with prolonged QTc. There were no parameters related to HIV independently associated with QT interval prolongation. In particular, no anti-HIV drug was associated with QTc prolongation. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that in an HIV-infected population, QTc prolongation had a high prevalence of nearly 20% compared to the general population and was possibly influenced by common factors like gender, diabetes, and arterial hypertension.