Microdochectomy for single-duct discharge from the nipple

Microdochectomy has been the accepted treatment for single-duct nipple discharge. Review of 97 consecutive patients undergoing microdochectomy between 1980 and 1987 revealed a total of eight patients with ductal carcinoma in situ. All of these had pre-operative mammography, results of which were highly suspicious of malignancy in six patients. Tiny foci of ductal carcinoma in situ were found in the two patients with normal mammograms. We suggest an expectant policy in cases where the mammogram is normal, omitting routine microdochectomy.     

Diagnosis of surgical sinusitis using nasal endoscopy and computerized tomography

The ability to identify surgical sinus disease using diagnostic nasal endoscopy and coronal CT scanning of the paranasal sinuses is studied prospectively. Fifty consecutive patients with symptoms of chronic sinusitis lacking surgical indications by traditional work-up comprise the patient population. Sixty percent had endoscopic or CT indications for surgery. There was a 90% correlation between endoscopy and CT examination with the combined work-up being more accurate than either modality alone. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed in 18 cases. There were no major complications. Approximately 89% of the postoperative group report significant improvement, with 55.6% reporting total relief of symptoms. A complete endoscopic sinus work-up can often identify surgically correctable sinusitis despite normal routine rhinoscopic and plain-film examination. It is therefore, warranted in those patients with a suggestive history.     

Contemporary imaging methodology for diagnosis of lesions of the head and upper neck

CT and MRI are the primary imaging modalities used to evaluate the various regions of the head and neck. From the preceding discussion one can see clearly that the choice of the appropriate imaging modality depends on a number of variables. There is no indisputable "winner" under all anatomical or pathological circumstances. The advantages and disadvantages of CT and MRI in certain clinical settings have been discussed. The information provided will enable one to exercise a rational choice in the selection of imaging modalities.     

真核表达人呼吸道合胞病毒F蛋白的纯化方法

目的 真核表达人呼吸道合胞病毒(human respiratory syncytial virus,SV)融合蛋白(fusion protein,),并完成蛋白纯化及纯度测定.方法 根据编码F蛋白的基因序列设计引物,CR方法扩增出3'端带His标签的F基因序列,克隆入pGEM-T-easy载体,经核酸序列分析后,进一步克隆到pcDNA3.1( )真核表达载体,限制性内切酶鉴定,用脂质体Lipofectamine2000转染COS-7细胞,2 h后再用Westem blot检测目的蛋白的表达.Ni柱亲和层析纯化COS-7细胞表达的F蛋白,高效毛细管电泳分析纯化后蛋白纯度.结果 核酸序列分析证实获得带His标签的RSV F基因序列,没有发生无义突变.转染COS-7细胞后,利用Western blot方法检测到F蛋白的特异性条带,纯度达99%以上.结论 初步建立了真核表达RSV F蛋白的纯化方法,为进一步优化RSV F蛋白制备条件及单克隆抗体及诊断试剂等研究奠定了基础.     

Association of BDNF with anorexia, bulimia and age of onset of weight loss in six European populations

Several genes with an essential role in the regulation of eating behavior and body weight are considered candidates involved in the etiology of eating disorders (ED), but no relevant susceptibility genes with a major effect on anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN) have been identified. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been implicated in the regulation of food intake and body weight in rodents. We previously reported a strong association of the Met66 allele of the Val66Met BDNF variant with restricting AN (ANR) and low minimum body mass index in Spanish patients. Another single nucleotide polymorphism located in the promoter region of the BDNF gene (-270C>T) showed lack of association with any ED phenotype. In order to replicate these findings in a larger sample, we performed a case-control study in 1142 Caucasian patients with ED consecutively recruited in six different centers from five European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and UK) participating in the 'Factors in Healthy Eating' project. We have found that the Met66 variant is strongly associated to all ED subtypes (AN, ANR, binge-eating/purging AN and BN), and that the -270C BDNF variant has an effect on BN and late age at onset of weight loss. These are the first two variants associated with the pathophysiology of ED in different populations and support a role for BDNF in the susceptibility to aberrant eating behaviors.     

Association of heterotopic neuroglial tissue with an arachnoid cyst in the internal auditory canal

An arachnoid cyst arising within the internal auditory canal, or within the cerebellopontine angle and subsequently extending into the internal meatus and enlarging it, is a rare occurrence. Nevertheless, the neurootologist and the neurosurgeon have an interest in its existence because its clinical manifestations are identical with the ones produced by a schwannoma, involving overwhelmingly the cochleovestibular nerve in that region. An equally rare observation in that location is the presence of ectopic neuroglial tissue. The two can occur independently or in combination. Examples of such lesions are presented, and their possible pathogenesis is discussed.