Regulation of Erythropoiesis in the Friend Leukemia Mouse

Friend leukemia infection in ddO mice produced a marked increase in theerythropoietic activity of the affected mice. By the fact that the increasederythropoietic activity was not suppressed by the transfusion polycythemia andthat the plasma and spleen extract of the infected animal showed no erythropoietic activity, it is postulated that erythropoiesis in Friend leukemia isgoverned by mechanisms other than normal ones. The possible role of thevirus in differentiating the stem cell into erythroblasts is discussed.

Submitted on April 26, 1966 Accepted on November 6, 1967     

Brief Report: In Vitro Effect of Erythropoietin on the Spleen of the Polycythemic Mouse. I

1. Spleen explants of transfustion-induced polycythemic mice were incubated in vitro with and without erythropoietin.

2. After 24 hours incubation with the erythropoietin, immature large erythroblasts appeared, whereas the mature small erythroblasts were first observedafter 48 hours incubation.

3. Marked radioiron incorporation into the heme was observed after 48hours incubation with erythropoietin.

4. The control incubations without erythropoietin did not show these findings.

5. These data strongly suggest that erythropoietin induced the differentiation of erythroblasts from stem cells in vitro.

Submitted on July 19, 1965 Accepted on November 24, 1965     

Experimental Studies on Erythropoietin. II. The Relationship between Juxtaglomerular Cells and Erythropoietin

The relationship between erythropoietin production and the juxtaglomerular(JG) cells of the kidney were studied using Harada’s method for staining andHartroft’s method for estimating JG granularity.

In stimulated erythropoiesis (after bleeding and phenylhydrazine injection),the JG cells also showed hypergranularity. In depressed erythropoiesis, onthe contrary, the JG cells showed hypogranularity. Furthermore, from theobservation of the chronological change of the JG cell, granularity tended tochange in parallel with erythropoietin production. This study gave an indirect evidence of the secretion of erythropoietin by juxtaglomerular cells ofthe kidney.

Submitted on October 17, 1961 Accepted on March 20, 1962     

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications of Monoclonal Antibodies to Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung

For diagnosis and treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC),we have developed two different types of monoclonal antibodies,one of which is useful for specific diagnosis of SCLC. The otherhas been used for purging tumor cell infiltrates from bone marrowin high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrowrescue. The monoclonal antibody, TFS-4, is highly specific forSCLC. It reacts with SCLC but is unreactive with squamous cellcarcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the lung. It can distinguishSCLC from non SCLC in histologic diagnosis at transbronchialbiopsy, and in cytological identi fication of tumor cells inmalignant effusions and in infiltrated bone marrow. RadiolabeledTFS-4 specifically accumulated into SCLC tumors and depicteda clear-demarcated tumor image with a gamma scintillation camera.The TFS-4 labeled with ¹³¹I inhibited the growth of SCLC tumorstransplanted into nude mice. TFS-2 antibody demonstrated "pancarcinoma"reactivity, showing binding to SCLC, non-SCLC, and carcinomasderived from other organs such as the colon, pancreas, and stomach.This antibody failed to react with a variety of normal tissuesincluding lung, bone marrow, spleen, stomach, colon, and pancreas. TFS-2 showed complement-mediated cytolysis of targetcells. TFS-2 did not inhibit the growth of hemopoietic progenitorscommitted to granulocyte macrophage, or erythroid lineage. Inmixed cell populations of tumor cells and bone marrow cells,the antibody effectively killed the tumor cells.     

Usefulness of self made introducer for laryngeal mask airway in paediatric anaesthesia

The usefulness of a self made introducer for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) placement was investigated in 251 paediatric patients. Adequate success rate on the first attempt and atraumatic insertions were achieved by the introducer with minimum experience. The authors concluded that the introducer has significant advantages for easy and safe insertions of the LMA in paediatric anaesthesia.