Rabbits are the experimental animals of choice in many studies including flaps, wounds, and topical trials for new pharmacological
agents. Because the topical drugs and other materials used for dressing are irritating to the animal, they tend to remove
dressings, bandages, drapes, insensate flaps, and also topical drugs by scratching, licking, and biting if they are within
the reach of the animal. In this study, we report an easy to prepare, user-friendly, comfortable, and cheap dressing protector
called a dressing shield to prevent these problems. 相似文献
International Urology and Nephrology - To investigate the role of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-induced lipocalin (uNGAL) measurement in the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury that may occur... 相似文献
To evaluate the effect of artery-only (AO) and artery–vein (AV) clamping during partial nephrectomy (PN) on short- and long-term renal function outcome.
Methods
Medical records of 154 patients in the AO group and 192 patients in the AV group who underwent open and minimally invasive (laparoscopic/robotic) PN between January 2011 and January 2018 were retrospectively assessed. Preoperative patient and tumor-specific characteristics in addition to perioperative factors and renal function outcomes were compared. The change in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from postoperative 1–3 days, 12 and 24 months after surgery was calculated. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was defined a as a?>?25% reduction in eGFR.
Results
There were no statistically significant differences between the clamping techniques in terms of postoperative 1–3 days, 12 and 24 months eGFR change percentage and risk of progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). No significant difference in short- and long-term renal functions was found between the minimally invasive or open AO and AV clamping subgroups at any time point. In multivariate analysis, the R.E.N.A.L score (AO group p?=?0.026, AV group p?<?0.001) and preoperative eGFR (AO group p?<?0.001, AV group p?=?0.010) were strong predictors of the acute kidney injury in both groups. Older age (AO group p?=?0.045, AV group p?=?0.010) and preoperative eGFR (AO group p?=?0.008, AV group p?=?0.002) were significantly associated with CKD progression at 2-year follow-up in both groups.
Conclusion
AV clamping does not adversely affect postoperative renal function compared to AO clamping. Preoperative patient- and tumor-related factors are more important for renal function regardless of the clamping technique.
There is a significant body of evidence showing that efficient vaccination schemes against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is helping control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, this goal cannot be achieved without real world data highlighting the impact of vaccines against viral spread. In this study, we have aimed at differentially investigating the impact of COVID-19 vaccines (CoronaVac, Pfizer/BioNTech, Astra/Zeneca Oxford, Janssen) used in North Cyprus in limiting the viral load of Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-COV-2. We have utilized real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction cycle threshold values (Ct values) as a proxy of viral load of the two SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our results indicate that the administration of at least two doses of the messenger RNA-based Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine leads to the lowest viral load (highest Ct values) obtained for both Omicron and Delta variants. Interestingly, regardless of the vaccine type used, our study revealed that Delta variant produced significantly higher viral loads (lower Ct values) compared with the Omicron variant, where the latter was more commonly associated with younger patients. Viral spread is a crucial factor that can help determine the future of the pandemic. Thus, prioritizing vaccines that will play a role in not only preventing severe disease but also in limiting viral load and spread may contribute to infection control strategies. 相似文献
PURPOSEWe aimed to show the effects of long-term screening on clinical, pathologic, and survival outcomes in patients with screen-detected breast cancer and compare these findings with breast cancer patients registered in the National Breast Cancer Registry Data (NBCRD).METHODSWomen aged 40–69 years, living in Bahcesehir county, Istanbul, Turkey, were screened every 2 years using bilateral mammography. The Bahcesehir National Breast Cancer Registry Data (BMSP) data were collected during a 10-year screening period (five rounds of screening). BMSP data were compared with the NBCRD regarding age, cancer stage, types of surgery, tumor size, lymph node status, molecular subtypes, and survival rates.RESULTSDuring the 10-year screening period, 8758 women were screened with 22621 mammograms. Breast cancer was detected in 130 patients; 51 (39.2%) were aged 40–49 years. The comparison of breast cancer patients in the two programs revealed that BMSP patients had earlier stages, higher breast-conserving surgery rates, smaller tumor size, more frequent negative axillary nodal status, lower histologic grade, and higher ductal carcinoma in situ rates than NBCRD patients (p = 0.001, for all).CONCLUSIONThese results indicate the feasibility of successful population-based screening in middle-income countries.Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer and cause of cancer-related deaths among Turkish women, as well as globally (1–5). Although the incidence of breast cancer increases every year, mortality rates are decreasing in developed countries because of nationwide screening programs and modern treatment options (5, 6). An invited mammography screening program for women aged between 40 and 69 years revealed a 60% reduction in cancer-related 10-year mortality in a landmark study (7). A systematic review of Myers et al. (8) showed that breast cancer screening reduced mortality by 20% in average-risk women of all age groups. However, this review did not evaluate the differences between annual and biannual mammographic screening.In 2004, the Cancer Control Department of Turkey recommended biannual mammographic screening for women aged 50–69 years, based on European Guidelines. The population of Turkey is relatively young, and almost half of all breast cancer patients in Turkey are younger than 50 years. According to and National Breast Cancer Registry Data (NBCRD) reports, the starting age for mammography screening was set as 40 years. The Bahcesehir Mammographic Screening Program (BMSP) was the first organized population-based 10-year (2009–2019) mammography screening program in Turkey, a middle-income country.Turkish Federation of Breast Diseases Societies started a voluntary data registry program that was provided by breast surgeons working in secondary or tertiary hospitals. This program aimed to collect detailed information of breast cancer patients and to pool comprehensive country-specific breast cancer data. This registry, namely the NBCRD, was the first specified database on breast cancer in the country and was started in 2005, before the BMSP (9). Data from 36 centers were collected for 10 years. However, the cancer registry is a standard database containing general information as defined by the International Agency for Research on Cancer standards.The aim of this study was to show the feasibility of a population-based breast cancer screening program in an emerging, middle-income country, Turkey. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a population-based breast cancer screening program by comparing it with NBCRD data. 相似文献
The relation between cancer and coagulation is the subject of investigation since a relation between tumor and thrombosis has been determined. Antithrombin III is an important thrombin inhibitor, and increased thrombin?Cantithrombin (TAT) complex levels activate coagulation. Activated thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) inhibits the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. In addition, it directly inactivates plasmin. Defective fibrinolysis increases the risk of thrombosis. In this study, we evaluated homeostatic parameters, TAFI, and TAT levels in patients with gastric cancer applying to the medical oncology outpatient clinic. Fifty-two patients and 35 healthy controls were included. ELISA was used to measure TAFI and TAT complex levels. These were statistically higher in the patient group (p?<?0.05 and p?=?0.001, respectively). D-dimer levels were higher in stage IV (p?=?0.05). Correlations between lymph nodes and TAFI and TAT levels were examined. Weak but positive correlation between lymph nodes and TAFI was detected (R?=?0.452, p?=?0.027). TAFI and TAT levels were evaluated using relative operating characteristic analysis to differentiate the disease. TAT was more specific than TAFI according to this analysis (TAFI area under curve (AUC), 0.676; TAT AUC, 0.874). Thrombotic events and bleeding disorders need to be borne in mind in gastric cancer. This situation is due to the impairment of the balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis. Further studies are now needed to evaluate the effects of TAFI and TAT on survey and prognosis as well as the potential of these parameters as tumor markers for gastric cancer. 相似文献
Previous studies have demonstrated that thymoquinone has protective effects
against ischemia reperfusion injury to various organs like lungs, kidneys and
liver in different experimental models.
Objective
We aimed to determine whether thymoquinone has favorable effects on lung, renal,
heart tissues and oxidative stress in abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion
injury.
Methods
Thirty rats were divided into three groups as sham (n=10), control (n=10) and
thymoquinone (TQ) treatment group (n=10). Control and TQ-treatment groups
underwent abdominal aorta ischemia for 45 minutes followed by a 120-min period of
reperfusion. In the TQ-treatment group, thymoquinone was given 5 minutes. before
reperfusion at a dose of 20 mg/kg via an intraperitoneal route. Total antioxidant
capacity, total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in blood
serum were measured and lung, kidney, and heart tissue histopathology were
evaluated with light microscopy.
Results
Total oxidative status and oxidative stress index activity in blood samples were
statistically higher in the control group compared to the sham and TQ-treatment
groups (P<0.001 for TOS and OSI). Control group injury scores
were statistically higher compared to sham and TQ-treatment groups
(P<0.001 for all comparisons).
Conclusion
Thymoquinone administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing oxidative
stress and histopathologic injury in an acute abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion
rat model. 相似文献