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1.
Factors predicting the development of pressure ulcers in an at‐risk population who receive standardized preventive care: secondary analyses of a multicentre randomised controlled trial
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2.
Outpatient anterior chamber lens implantation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
100 outpatient and 143 inpatient intracapsular cataract extractions with anterior chamber lens implantation were examined 6 months post-operatively. 74 (74%) in the former and 107 (75%) in the latter achieved visual acuity greater than or equal to 0.5. Excluding non-surgical pathology, 93% in the outpatient group and 98% in the inpatient group had a visual acuity greater than or equal to 0.5 (P = 0.12). There were no significant differences in post-operative complications except for the incidence of cystoid macular edema. Six (6%) of the outpatient and 1 (0.7%) of the inpatient procedures had cystoid macular edema that resulted in a visual acuity below 0.5 (P = 0.02). 相似文献
3.
The CT-examinations of 15 patients with blow-out fractures of the orbital floor were reviewed. All patients were examined with coronal/semicoronal CT-imaging, and 7 patients also were evaluated with semisagittal projections. Only in one case the semisagittal images gave more information than coronal sections when using the classification of Gilbard et al. (1985) of the inferior rectus muscle/fracture relationship. The anterior and posterior fracture margins were better delineated with semisagittal imaging. Two patients exhibiting positive traction tests with hooked, and not entrapped muscles on CT still had diplopia 5 1/2 and 12 weeks after the trauma. 相似文献
4.
Peptides may function as neurotransmitters liberated antidromically by sensory nerve fibres, provoking vascular responses having potential importance in some neurological disorders. Dose-response relaxation curves induced by substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) have been studied in porcine ophthalmic arteries in vitro. Both peptides induced vasodilation when tested separately (CGRP much greater than SP). Because of the putative interactions between such peptides in this vascular territory, a computerised system was also used for analysing over time the response to a single addition of either 10(-8) M CGRP, 10(-8) M SP or a combination of 10(-8) M SP + 10(-8) M CGRP. SP did not augment the maximum relaxation induced by CGRP alone, but increased significantly the rate of relaxation during the initial phase of the response. The effect induced by the SP+CGRP combination was stronger than the sum of the individual SP and CGRP-induced relaxations during the first 4 min of the response, which suggests a SP-CGRP synergism in this artery. 相似文献
5.
Pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Zimbabwe, Central Africa 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
D T McLeod P Neill V J Robertson A S Latif J C Emmanuel J E Els L K Gwanzura F E Trijssenaar P Nziramasanga G R Jongeling 《Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene》1989,83(5):694-697
During the 11 month period up to 30 September 1987, 37 patients (26 male, 11 female, mean age 27 years) with respiratory symptoms who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive, were studied prospectively on 40 occasions to determine the cause of any pulmonary complications. HIV was heterosexually transmitted. Predominant symptoms were cough (89%), fever (89%), weight loss (83%), and dyspnoea (60%). Transnasal fibre-optic bronchoscopy (with bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushings and transbronchial lung biopsies) was performed on 35 patients, twice on 3 patients. 'Tru-cut' lung biopsies were obtained from 2 patients who died before bronchoscopy. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the commonest disease, being found in one-third of the patients (12 of 37). Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from 4; the remainder of the plates were contaminated. Pneumocystis carinii was present in 8 patients: as the sole pathogen in 3, with Streptococcus pneumoniae in 4, Staphylococcus aureus in 2, and one also had tuberculous lymphadenitis. Endobronchial Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in 6 of 7 patients with skin nodules. Bacterial pathogens isolated included Staph. aureus (5), S. pneumoniae (5), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Haemophilus influenzae (2), H. parainfluenzae (1) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1). Invading Aspergillus fumigatus was diagnosed by lung biopsy in one. No diagnosis was reached for 8 patients. It is concluded that in Central Africa pulmonary complications in AIDS patients are similar to those in Europe and North America but the incidence of different pathogens depends on the prevalence of pathogens in the community. M. tuberculosis is probably the commonest pathogen. This study has confirmed that P. carinii pneumonia does occur, but occurs less frequently. 相似文献
6.
D F Du Toit J J Heydenrych B Smit G Louw T Zuurmond D Els A Weideman S Wolfe-Coote L Du Toit R Gonin 《Journal of surgical oncology》1987,36(2):148-153
In this study the endocrine function following intraperitoneal hetero- and orthotopic pancreatico-duodenal-splenic allotransplantation (PDS) in hemipancreatectomized, non-immune-suppressed chacma baboons was assessed. Significantly reduced K-values and insulin release together with glucose intolerance during IVGTT were observed in hemipancreatectomized recipients (HPS) without grafts. Orthotopic and heterotopic PDS transplantation improved the glucose intolerance of HPS recipients; orthotopically sited grafts rendering the best curves. Normal glucose tolerance was not achieved. Both orthotopic and heterotopic PDS transplantation rendered suboptimal insulin release during IVGTT; heterotopically draining grafts released significantly more insulin than orthotopic grafts. Hyperglucagonaemia during IVGTT was a constant feature in both groups, heterotopic grafts releasing the most glucagon during stimulation. C-peptide release was significantly lower in orthotopic grafts compared to normal animals or heterotopically drained insulin. It is concluded that glucose tolerance was not directly related to insulin or glucagon release in this study as orthotopic grafts rendered near-normal IVGTT curves in the presence of hypoinsulinaemia, hyperglucagonaemia, and reduced C-peptide values. The hormonal response after PDS transplantation was variable and the advantages of portal vs systemic insulin drainage remain to be defined. 相似文献
7.
M. Sivakumaran Stephen J. Richards Kaye M. Hunt rew J. Steed A. Geraldine Bynoe Mary M. Morgan Roger Pyrah Bryon E. Roberts Colin Stephen Scott 《British journal of haematology》1991,78(3):368-377
Phenotypic characteristics, and correlations between the expression of membrane NK-associated (NKa) determinants (CD11b, CD16, CD56 and CD57) and T cell receptor (TCR) genotypic patterns, were examined in 25 patients with persistent (greater than 6 months) expansions of CD3+WT31+NKa+ (CD8+ and CD8dim+) lymphocytes. These studies showed that distinct NKa phenotypic profiles were restricted to cases with rearranged TCR configurations and that clonal CD3+NKa+ components could be predicted in most cases by assessing relationships between membrane CD16 and CD56 expression. For all normal NKa subpopulations, there was a high correlation (P less than 0.0001; n = 31) between the expression of these two membrane determinants. Markedly increased CD16 expression by CD3+NKa+ cells, in relation to CD56 (i.e. a high CD16:CD56 ratio), was found exclusively in cases with rearranged TCR (13/16 cases); 2/3 of the remaining cases showing significantly reduced CD16:CD56 ratios and high (greater than 2.0) CD3+CD56+ absolute numbers. In contrast, 7/9 of the germline TCR cases had a normal CD16:CD56 ratio and 2/9 a decreased ratio with low (less than 1.0) CD3+CD56+ absolute numbers. A high ratio of CD16:CD56 expression by CD3+NKa+ lymphocytes was therefore informative for 82% of TCR rearrangements in this series; and analysis of CD16 and CD56 expression was predictive for germline and rearranged TCR configurations in 24/25 persistent CD3+NKa+ expansions. 相似文献
8.
9.
Fifty mothers and 44 well siblings of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF) participated in this study to identify correlates of maternal well-being. Participants completed postal questionnaires which assessed maternal well-being, problems experienced surrounding the illness and treatment and the nature of the sibling relationship. Due to the demanding nature of treatment and the fact that CF is both genetic and incurable at present we anticipate mothers of these children will experience higher levels of stress and consequently poorer well-being than the normal population. In addition, illness severity, problems with adherence to treatment, child communication, maternal support and the sibling relationship are expected to relate to maternal well-being. Mothers in this sample did not rate their well-being as any different to the normal population. Results suggest that mothers are likely to rate their own well-being as poor when they report more frequent problems surrounding the illness and treatment and well children rate their sibling relationship as having frequent disagreements and aggression. This study highlights factors that are related to maternal well-being in families where one child has CF. These mothers as a group do not appear to be experiencing more stress in their daily lives than the normal population but certain illness and family variables are related to their well-being when examining the mothers on certain dimensions. 相似文献
10.
Ringrose JH Meiring HD Speijer D Feltkamp TE van Els CA de Jong AP Dankert J 《Infection and immunity》2004,72(9):5097-5105
Reactive arthritis (ReA) induced by infection with several gram-negative bacteria is strongly associated with expression of the major histocompatibility complex class I molecule HLA-B27. It is thought that due to the intracellular lifestyle of ReA-inducing bacteria, bacterial fragments can be presented by HLA-B27. Cytotoxic T cells recognizing such bacterial peptides or other induced host peptides could cross-react with self peptides presented in the joints, giving rise to disease. Studies to analyze the B27 peptide repertoire in relation to infection were severely hampered, as complex peptide profiles obtained from separate infected and noninfected cell preparations had to be compared. For this study, we applied a new approach to examine the effect of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection on the B27 peptide repertoire presented by the HLA-B*2704 subtype associated with disease. Firstly, we showed that both host cell and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium proteins can be tagged metabolically with stable-isotope-labeled arginine. We then designed experiments so that either the tagged endogenous or tagged bacterial B*2704-presented peptide repertoires from infected cells could be analyzed by mass spectrometry from single peptide preparations that included uninfected controls. Using this new approach, we found no evidence for significant changes in endogenous B*2704 peptide presentation after infection or for any S. enterica serovar Typhimurium-derived B27-bound peptide. In conclusion, the hypothesis that S. enterica serovar Typhimurium induces changes in B27 peptide presentation could not be supported. 相似文献