Pathophysiology and management of sensitive skin: position paper from the special interest group on sensitive skin of the International Forum for the Study of Itch (IFSI)

The special interest group on sensitive skin of the International Forum for the Study of Itch previously defined sensitive skin as a syndrome defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations (stinging, burning, pain, pruritus and tingling sensations) in response to stimuli that normally should not provoke such sensations. This additional paper focuses on the pathophysiology and the management of sensitive skin. Sensitive skin is not an immunological disorder but is related to alterations of the skin nervous system. Skin barrier abnormalities are frequently associated, but there is no cause and direct relationship. Further studies are needed to better understand the pathophysiology of sensitive skin – as well as the inducing factors. Avoidance of possible triggering factors and the use of well-tolerated cosmetics, especially those containing inhibitors of unpleasant sensations, might be suggested for patients with sensitive skin. The role of psychosocial factors, such as stress or negative expectations, might be relevant for subgroups of patients. To date, there is no clinical trial supporting the use of topical or systemic drugs in sensitive skin. The published data are not sufficient to reach a consensus on sensitive skin management. In general, patients with sensitive skin require a personalized approach, taking into account various biomedical, neural and psychosocial factors affecting sensitive skin.     

缺血再灌注脑组织病理形态及脂质过氧化的动态观察

目的:探讨缺血再灌注脑组织病理形态及丙二醛含量变化的关系.方法:阻断双侧颈总动脉和椎动脉结合低血压法复制兔脑完全性缺血再灌注模型,观察心脉龙对脑组织病理形态变化及脂质过氧化的影响.结果:心脉龙能抑制膜脂质过氧化作用,且缺血再灌注脑组织丙二醛含量变化与其病理形态改变具有一致性.结论:动态观察血液丙二醛,可作为评价脑缺血性疾病治疗和预后的检测指标.     

异搏定防治流行性出血热初期急性肾功能衰竭的疗效观察

在综合疗法的基础上加用异搏定3～5天治疗流行性出血热(EHF)发热后期病人41例,在尿蛋白转阴、越期率,特别是越少尿期平明显优于对照组,但对 BUN 水平的影响与对照组无异,异搏定对防治 EHF 急性肾衰具有一定疗效。     

染色内镜和放大内镜技术是提高早期大肠癌诊治水平的重要手段

应用常规内镜技术难以发现大肠平坦型病变和凹陷型病变。近年来染色内镜和放大内镜技术已经发展成熟,在国外已获广泛应用,可以发现大肠微小病变和早期大肠癌。应用腺管开口分型方法可以预测肿瘤病变的组织学类型及肿瘤的浸润深度,据此可确定行内镜下粘膜剥离术或分片粘膜剥离术将肿瘤切除,抑或行外科手术治疗。在当前我国的胃肠内镜医疗界,应广泛开展染色内镜和放大内镜的临床应用,以早期发现大肠病变,提高我国大肠癌的内镜诊治水平。     

葡聚糖硫酸钠致溃疡性结肠炎小鼠模型的建立

目的　建立小鼠溃疡性结肠炎模型。方法　给小鼠自由饮用5％葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）溶液7d后,改为蒸馏水自由饮用10d,如此进行4个循环,每天观察症状。在第1个循环和第4个循环后剖杀小鼠,取出整段结肠行实体显微镜观察及切片组织学研究。结果　所观察的症状、实体显微镜像、组织学病理改变均与人类溃疡性结肠炎类似。结论　此模型制作方法简便,重复性良好,可应用于多种实验研究。     

Bioartifizielle Materialien in der Urologie

The scope of our research is the development of polymer-based bioabsorbable stents for urologic applications and in vitro testing of tissue reactions of cultured ureteral and urethral segments induced by implanted polymer stent prototypes. For these purposes a tissue cultivation model was developed using selected techniques of tissue engineering. Essential advantages of degradable over nondegradable urethral stents are elimination of the adverse extraction of epithelialized stents and the potential for recovery of organ-specific functionality. Moreover, the biocompatibility of a degradable urethral stent could potentially reduce the risk of restenosis due to hyperplasia and could be used, even repeatedly, for the treatment of a number of subvesical obstructions. For the treatment of tumor-induced strictures, application of degradable polymer stents coated with cytostatic drugs may be possible. The mechanical effect of the drug-loaded stent as a “place holder” could be complemented by adjuvant or palliative approaches such as local chemotherapy. We have developed and tested in vitro a degradable urethral stent incorporated with the model drug methotrexate for local drug delivery (LDD) by diffusion and during stent degradation.     

“肠梗”治疗粘连性肠梗阻425例

本文对采用自行研制的中草药浓缩剂“肠梗”治疗的粘连性肠梗阻４２５例进行临床分析。根据不同的病理及临床特征将其分为三种类型，其中广泛粘连型是“肠梗”治疗的最佳适应症，粘连扭转型是其禁忌证。并对中转手术的指征、时间等问题进行了讨论。认为该方法具有简单易行、安全可靠、成功率高的特点，是一种易于推广的治疗粘连性肠梗阻的有效方法，具有较高的临床实际应用价值