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Giorgos Bamias John Boletis Theodoros Argyropoulos Chrysanthi Skalioti Spyros I Siakavellas Ioanna Delladetsima Irene Zouboulis-Vafiadis George L Daikos Spiros D Ladas 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2010,16(30):3834-3840
AIM: To investigate the signifi cance of ileocolonoscopy with histology in the evaluation of post-transplantation persistent diarrhea (PD). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all records of renal transplant patients with PD, over a 3-year period. All patients were referred for ileocolonoscopy with biopsy, following a negative initial diagnostic work up. Clinical and epidemiological data were compared between cases with infectious or drug-induced diarrhea. RESULTS: We identif ied 30 episodes of PD in 23 renaltransplant patients (1-3 cases per patient). There were 16 male patients and the mean age at the time of PD was 51.4 years. The average time from transplantation to a PD episode was 62.3 ± 53.2 mo (range 1-199 mo). Ileocolonoscopy detected mucosal abnormalities in 19 cases, whereas the intestinal mucosa appeared normal in 11 cases. Histological examination achieved a specific diagnosis in 19/30 cases (63.3%). In nine out of 11 cases (82%) with normal endoscopic appearance of the mucosa, histological examination of blinded biopsies provided a specif ic diagnosis. The etiology of PD was infectious in 11 cases (36.6%), drug-related in 10 (33.3%), of other causes in three (10%), and of unknown origin in six cases (20%). Infectious diarrhea occurred in significantly longer intervals from transplantation compared to drug-related PD (85.5 ± 47.6 mo vs 40.5 ± 44.8 mo, P < 0.05). Accordingly, PD due to drug-toxicity was rarely seen after the f irst year post-transplantation. Clinical improvement followed therapeutic intervention in 90% of cases. Modif ication of immunosuppressive regimen was avoided in 57% of patients. CONCLUSION: Early ileocolonoscopy with biopsies from both affected and normal mucosa is an important adjunctive tool for the etiological diagnosis of PD in renal transplant patients. 相似文献
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Andrikopoulos G Dasopoulou C Sakellariou D Tzeis S Koulouris S Kranidis A Kappos K Manolis AS 《Recent patents on cardiovascular drug discovery》2006,1(3):277-282
The role of heart rate reduction in the management of myocardial ischemia and chronic stable angina is pivotal. However, broad use and appropriate dosing of commonly used rate-slowing drugs is limited by their poor tolerability. Ivabradine is a selective inhibitor of the If currents of the sinoatrial node cells. If currents activity determines the slope of the depolarization curve towards the threshold level controlling heart rate in patients with sinus rhythm. Ivabradine, a compound of the benzocyclobutane (S 16257), exhibits a unique specificity for the If current and has a more favorable profile of adverse reactions compared to other If inhibitors. Accordingly, ivabradine has been used in the treatment of stable angina, where it presented anti-anginal and anti-ischemic effects equivalent to the effects of atenolol and amlodipine. Clinical studies proved the efficacy of ivabradine in patients with stable angina, while clinical data are awaited to verify its probable value in the treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias and tachycardia due to ventricular dysfunction. Thus, the clinical value of ivabradine, which has completed clinical development for stable angina, is expected to exceed its role in the treatment of myocardial ischemia. In this context, ivabradine, promising efficacious and safe pharmacological management of heart rate, is a huge step in cardiovascular therapeutics. 相似文献
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Isolated popliteal vein entrapment is a rare pathologic condition. Mimicking any venous pathology, a high degree of suspicion is mandatory for diagnosis. We describe a case of a 50-year-old woman, suffering from excessive swelling and heaviness of her left leg for more than 15 years. The ascending venography at functional positions of the feet demonstrated the entrapment. A rich collateral venous network appeared in the popliteal area at plantar foot's flexion. Surgical division of a wide soleus aponeurosis decompressed the vein. At the 2-year follow-up, the patient remains free of recurrence. 相似文献
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Marilita M. Moschos Irini P Chatziralli Chryssanthi Koutsandrea 《Indian journal of ophthalmology》2014,62(6):692-694
Aim:
To evaluate and compare the predictive capacity of four intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas (SRK/T, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, and Haigis) in eyes shorter than 22.0 mm.Setting and Design:
Observational study.Materials and Methods:
Participants in our study were 69 consecutive patients with a preoperative axial length (AL) of less than 22.0 mm in one or both eyes. All patients underwent phacoemulsification with IOL implantation and postoperative target of refraction was analyzed. Specifically, the differences in the mean absolute estimation error (AE) for the four formulas were analyzed. Furthermore, the percentage of eyes with AE within ±0.5 and ±1.0 D for each formula was estimated, as well as the correlation coefficient (r) between the AL and estimation error (E) for each formula. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare differences in the AEs of the formulas. A statistically significant difference was defined as P < 0.05.Results:
The Haigis formula had statistically significant smaller mean AE in comparison to Holladay 1, Hoffer Q, and SRK/T. The Haigis formula predicted more eyes with E within ±0.5 and ±1.0 D of predicted spherical equivalent compared to other formulas. Correlation between AL and AE revealed a negative r value and P < 0.05 for all formulas.Conclusions:
Haigis formula provides more accurate results concerning the postoperative target of refraction in eyes with AL less than 22.0 mm. Hoffer Q could be also used as an alternative. 相似文献6.
Georgalas I Ladas I Tservakis I Taliantzis S Gotzaridis E Papaconstantinou D Koutsandrea C 《Cutaneous and ocular toxicology》2011,30(4):251-262
Since their introduction by Chang et al. in 1987, perfluorocarbon liquids (PFCLs) have become a useful tool in vitreoretinal surgery. They are synthetic compounds with carbon-fluorine chemical chains that have specific physico-chemical properties, which make them valuable for the intraoperative management of the retina by simplifying vitreoretinal surgical maneuvers in a variety of settings. These maneuvers include retinal detachments associated with proliferative vitreous retinopathy, following penetrating trauma, giant retinal tears, dislocated lenses or lens implants and complications from proliferative diabetic vitreoretinopathy. Purified PFCLs are generally considered to be biologically inert. Despite the stability of PFCLs during vitreoretinal surgery, several studies have indicated that these compounds may be associated with toxicity in ocular tissues. The purpose of this review is to report the use and toxicity of PFCLs in vitreoretinal surgery and to present the latest perspectives on modified PFCLs (hydrofluorocarbon liquids (HFCLs) and HFCL-oligomers). 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Bakground To evaluate objectively the anatomical and functional changes of optic nerve in eyes with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) by the joint use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEP). METHODS: 29 eyes with open angle glaucoma and visual field defects, as well as 20 eyes of 10 age-matched control normal subjects were tested. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmological examination. Moreover, Humphrey visual field test, OCT examination and recording of mfVEP were performed. Amplitude and implicit time of mfVEP, as well as RNFL thickness were measured. Differences in density components of mfVEP and in RNFL thickness among POAG eyes and control eyes were examined using Student's t-test. RESULTS: In glaucomatous eyes the mean Retinal Response Density (RRD) was lower than normal in ring 1, 2 and 3 of mfVEP (p < 0.0001). Specifically the mean amplitude of mfVEP in POAG eyes was estimated at 34.2 +/- 17.6 nV/deg2, 6.9 +/- 4.8 nV/deg2 and 2.6 +/- 1.6 nV/deg2 in rings 1, 2 and 3 respectively. In contrast the mean implicit time was similar to control eyes. In addition, the mean RNFL thickness in POAG eyes was estimated at 76.8 +/- 26.6 mum in the superior area, 52.1 +/- 16.3 mum in the temporal area, 75.9 +/- 32.5 mum in the inferior area and 58.6 +/- 19.4 mum in the nasal area. There was a statistically significant difference in RNFL thickness in all peripapillary areas (p < 0.0001) between POAG eyes and controls, with superior and inferior area to present the highest decrease. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that, although Standard Automatic Perimetry is the gold standard to evaluate glaucomatous neuropathy, the joint use of mfVEP and OCT could be useful in better monitoring glaucoma progression. 相似文献
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Oliver Kumpf Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis Alexander Koch Lutz Hamann Maria Mouktaroudi Djin-Ye Oh Eicke Latz Eva Lorenz David A Schwartz Bart Ferwerda Christina Routsi Chryssanthi Skalioti Bart-Jan Kullberg Jos WM van der Meer Peter M Schlag Mihai G Netea Kai Zacharowski Ralf R Schumann 《Critical care (London, England)》2010,14(3):1-11