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排序方式: 共有1428条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Tori Smedal Hildegunn Lygren Kjell‐Morten Myhr Rolf Moe‐Nilssen Bente Gjelsvik Olav Gjelsvik Liv Inger Strand 《Physiotherapy research international》2006,11(2):104-116
Background and Purpose . Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) tend to have movement difficulties, and the effect of physiotherapy for this group of patients has been subjected to limited systematic research. In the present study physiotherapy based on the Bobath concept, applied to MS patients with balance and gait problems, was evaluated. The ability of different functional tests to demonstrate change was evaluated. Method . A single‐subject experimental study design with ABAA phases was used, and two patients with relapsing–remitting MS in stable phase were treated. Tests were performed 12 times, three at each phase: A (at baseline); B (during treatment); A (immediately after treatment); and A (after two months). The key feature of treatment was facilitation of postural activity and selective control of movement. Several performance and self‐report measures and interviews were used. Results . After intervention, improved balance was shown by the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) in both patients, and improved quality of gait was indicated by the Rivermead Visual Gait Assessment (RVGA). The patients also reported improved balance and gait function in the interviews and scored their condition as ‘much improved’. Gait parameters, recorded by an electronic walkway, changed, but differently in the two patients. Among the physical performance tests the BBS and the RVGA demonstrated the highest change, while no or minimal change was demonstrated by the Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI) and Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE). Conclusion . The findings indicate that balance and gait can be improved after physiotherapy based on the Bobath concept, but this should be further evaluated in larger controlled trials of patients with MS. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
Exercise rapidly increases eukaryotic elongation factor 2 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle of men 总被引:11,自引:6,他引:5
Adam J. Rose Christa Broholm Kristian Kiillerich Stephen G. Finn Christopher G. Proud Mark H. Rider Erik A. Richter Bente Kiens 《The Journal of physiology》2005,569(1):223-228
Protein synthesis in skeletal muscle is known to decrease during contractions but the underlying regulatory mechanisms are unknown. Here, the effect of exercise on skeletal muscle eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) phosphorylation, a key component in protein translation machinery, was examined. Eight healthy men exercised on a cycle ergometer at a workload eliciting ∼67% peak pulmonary oxygen consumption with skeletal muscle biopsies taken from the vastus lateralis muscle at rest as well as after 1, 10, 30, 60 and 90 min of exercise. In response to exercise, there was a rapid (i.e. < 1 min) 5- to 7-fold increase in eEF2 phosphorylation at Thr56 that was sustained for 90 min of continuous exercise. The in vitro activity of skeletal muscle eEF2 kinase was not altered by exercise indicating that the increased activity of eEF2 kinase to eEF2 is not mediated by covalent mechanisms. In support of this, the increase in AMPK activity was temporally unrelated to eEF2 phosphorylation. However, skeletal muscle eEF2 kinase was potently activated by Ca2 + –calmodulin in vitro , suggesting that the higher eEF2 phosphorylation in working skeletal muscle is mediated by allosteric activation of eEF2 kinase by Ca2 + signalling via calmodulin. Given that eEF2 phosphorylation inhibits eEF2 activity and mRNA translation, these findings suggest that the inhibition of protein synthesis in contracting skeletal muscle is due to the Ca2 + -induced stimulation of eEF2 kinase. 相似文献
3.
4.
Bente E. Moen Bjrg E. Hollund Morten Berntsen Ragnar Flo Knut Rasmus Kyvik Trond Riise 《American journal of industrial medicine》1995,27(4):555-564
Occupational exposure to carcinogenic agents on the decks on six Norwegian crude oil tankers was examined in five harbors. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the need for improving the working environment on deck on these tankers. Technical arrangments and the work itself on the deck were observed during loading or unloading. Occupational monitoring was performed by active sampling of benzene, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and some aldehydes. The crew answered a questionnaire concerning their work, use of protective equipment, and occurrence of acute symptoms. The levels of air-borne carcinogenic agents were low, probably due to closed loading systems on all tankers. However, the seamen reported discomfort during the work that may be related to other chemical agents in the cargo. The seamen were frequently painting with lead chromate paint without using personal protective equipment. This type of chemical exposure should be evaluated. 相似文献
5.
We investigaed changes in the anterior tibial muscle during lengthening of the lower leg in rabbits. In 37 rabbits, an osteotomy of the right middle tibia was performed and was fixed by a unilateral external fixator. The rabbits were randomized into 6 groups. In groups 1, 2, and 3 the tibiae were distracted 0.5 mm/day. In groups 1 and 2, the rabbits were killed after 14 and 28 days of distraction, respectively, and in group 3 after 28 days of distraction, followed by 14 days of rest. Groups 1a, 2a, and 3a served as controls. They were treated similarly as groups 1, 2, and 3, but no distracton was performed. Proliferating cell nuclei were labeled with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine and were identified by immunohistochemical staining. The weight of the muscle was measured. During bone lengthening the muscle showed signs of growth, as indicated by increasing weight and number of proliferating cell nuclei. This was observed only during lengthening and it ceased when the lengthening was stopped. 相似文献
6.
Background
Despite considerable knowledge about musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and physical, psychosocial and individual risk factors there is limited knowledge about physical activity as a factor in preventing MSD. In addition, studies of physical activity are often limited to either leisure activity or physical activity at work. Studies among military personnel on the association between physical activity at work and at leisure and MSD are lacking. This study was conducted to find the prevalence of MSD among personnel in the Royal Norwegian Navy and to assess the association between physical activity at work and at leisure and MSD. 相似文献7.
Oral mucosal desquamation caused by two toothpaste detergents in an experimental model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), the most widely used detergent in toothpastes, has been reported to cause adverse effects on oral soft tissues. This double-blind cross-over study describes the oral mucosal effects of SLS-containing toothpastes and pastes containing a zwitterionic detergent, cocoamidopropyl-betaine (CAPB) in an experimental model in 28 healthy females. Seven toothpastes, differing only in detergent concentration and/or type, were used: SLS (0.5, 1.0, 1.5%), CAPB (0.64, 1.27, 1.90%) and a placebo. Each participant applied 1 cm of assigned test toothpaste via a cap splint to the teeth and the mucosa of the upper jaw. The splints were used twice daily for 2 min during a period of 4 d, after which the participants were examined for oral desquamation. No other oral hygiene was allowed during the test periods. Ten days brushing with a detergent-free toothpaste was performed between each test period. Forty-five desquamative reactions were observed in 21 of 27 subjects (one was excluded) during the trial. Forty-two reactions were recorded during the SLS periods and the remaining three during the CAPB periods. The detergent-free toothpaste did not result in oral desquamation. SLS in toothpastes significantly increased the incidence of desquamation of the oral mucosa compared with toothpastes containing the detergent CAPB. The model used is not directly relevant to normal toothbrushing with toothpaste, but indicates that sensitive patients may contract mucosal irritation through SLS in toothpastes. Less toxic detergents, e.g. CAPB, are desirable in oral hygiene products. 相似文献
8.
Erik A. Richter Bente Sonne Kari J. Mikines Thorkil Ploug Henrik Galbo 《European journal of applied physiology》1984,52(3):346-350
Summary We have previously found that during exercise net muscle glycogen breakdown is impaired in adrenodemedullated rats, as compared with controls. The present study was carried out to elucidate whether, in rats with deficiencies of the sympatho-adrenal system, diminished exercise-induced glycogenolysis in skeletal muscle was accompanied by increased breakdown of triglyceride and/or protein. Thus, the effect of exhausting swimming and of running on concentrations of glycogen, protein, and triglyceride in skeletal muscle and liver were studied in rats with and without deficiencies of the sympatho-adrenal system. In control rats, both swimming and running decreased the concentration of glycogen in fast-twitch red and slow-twitch red muscle whereas concentrations of protein and triglyceride did not decrease. In the liver, swimming depleted glycogen stores but protein and triglyceride concentrations did not decrease. In exercising rats, muscle glycogen breakdown was impaired by adrenodemedullation and restored by infusion of epinephrine. However, impaired glycogen breakdown during exercise was not accompanied by a significant net breakdown of protein or triglyceride. Surgical sympathectomy of the muscles did not influence muscle substrate concentrations. The results indicate that when glycogenolysis in exercising muscle is impeded by adrenodemedullation no compensatory increase in breakdown of triglyceride and protein in muscle or liver takes place. Thus, indirect evidence suggests that, in exercising adrenodemedullated rats, fatty acids from adipose tissue were burnt instead of muscle glycogen. 相似文献
9.
Physical activity and plasma interleukin-6 in humans – effect of intensity of exercise 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The present study included data from three marathon races to investigate the hypothesis that a relationship exists between
running intensity and elevated concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 in plasma. The study included a total of 53 subjects whose
mean age was 30.6 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4] years, mean body mass 77.7 (95%CI 2.0) kg, mean maximal oxygen uptake
(V˙O2max) 59.3 (95%CI 1.4) ml · min−1 · kg−1, and who had participated in the Copenhagen Marathons of 1996, 1997 or 1998, achieving a mean running time of 206 (95%CI
7) min. Running intensity was calculated as running speed divided by V˙O2max. The concentration of IL-6 in plasma peaked immediately after the run. There was a negative correlation between peak IL-6
concentration and running time (r=−0.30, P < 0.05) and a positive correlation between peak IL-6 concentration and running intensity (r=0.32, P < 0.05). The IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) plasma concentration peaked 1.5 h after the run and there was a positive correlation
between the peak plasma concentrations of IL-6 and IL-1ra (r=0.39, P < 0.01). Creatine kinase (CK) plasma concentration peaked on the 1st day after the run, but no association was found between
peak concentrations of IL-6 and CK. In conclusion, the results confirmed the hypothesized association between plasma IL-6
concentration and running intensity, but did not confirm the previous finding of a connection between IL-6 plasma concentration
and muscle damage.
Accepted: 6 August 2000 相似文献
10.
Anders Rinnov Nielsen Remi Mounier Peter Plomgaard Ole Hartvig Mortensen Milena Penkowa Tobias Speerschneider Henriette Pilegaard Bente Klarlund Pedersen 《The Journal of physiology》2007,584(1):305-312
The cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) has been demonstrated to have anabolic effects in cell culture systems. We tested the hypothesis that IL-15 is predominantly expressed by type 2 skeletal muscle fibres, and that resistance exercise regulates IL-15 expression in muscle. Triceps brachii, vastus lateralis quadriceps and soleus muscle biopsies were obtained from normally physically active, healthy, young male volunteers ( n = 14), because these muscles are characterized by having different fibre-type compositions. In addition, healthy, normally physically active male subjects ( n = 8) not involved in any kind of resistance exercise underwent a heavy resistance exercise protocol that stimulated the vastus lateralis muscle and biopsies were obtained from this muscle pre-exercise as well as 6, 24 and 48 h post-exercise. IL-15 mRNA levels were twofold higher in the triceps (type 2 fibre dominance) compared with the soleus muscle (type 1 fibre dominance), but Western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed that muscle IL-15 protein content did not differ between triceps brachii, quadriceps and soleus muscles. Following resistance exercise, IL-15 mRNA levels were up-regulated twofold at 24 h of recovery without any changes in muscle IL-15 protein content or plasma IL-15 at any of the investigated time points. In conclusion, IL-15 mRNA level is enhanced in skeletal muscles dominated by type 2 fibres and resistance exercise induces increased muscular IL-15 mRNA levels. IL-15 mRNA levels in skeletal muscle were not paralleled by similar changes in muscular IL-15 protein expression suggesting that muscle IL-15 may exist in a translationally inactive pool. 相似文献