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1.
Acute effect of ethanol on renal electrolyte excretion in rats 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
F K Assadi 《Alcohol》1989,6(3):257-260
The purpose of this study was to investigate the renal handling of sodium and potassium in rats during an acute ethanol (ETOH) administration and to relate any observed changes to alterations in renin-aldosterone secretion. Eight male Wistar rats, 7 to 8 weeks of age, were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with 1.0 g/kg body wt. ETOH (15% v/v, 95% ETOH in saline, pH 6.98, osmolality 284 mOsm/kg). Blood ETOH levels were 159 +/- 16 (Mean +/- SEM) and 120 +/- 12 mg/dl, 10 and 30 min after the ETOH injection respectively (p less than 0.05). Control animals were given either an equal volume (1.77 ml/100 g body wt.) of 0.9% saline (n = 6) or 5% dextrose solution (n = 4) with similar pH and osmolality. Following ETOH administration blood pH, urine pH, plasma bicarbonate (HCO3) concentration declined significantly (p less than 0.01) while glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and hematocrit (Hct) remained unchanged (p = 0.1). Mean fractional sodium excretion (FENa), fractional potassium excretion (FEK), and osmolar clearance (Cosm) fell significantly despite an increase in plasma sodium (p less than 0.01), potassium (p less than 0.05) and osmolality concentrations (p less than 0.05). There was no significant change in plasma aldosterone concentration (PA) or plasma renin activity (PRA) following the ETOH administration. No difference in GFR, FENa, FEK, Cosm, blood pH, urine pH, plasma electrolytes, PA, or PRA was observed following the saline or dextrose injections. In conclusion, acute ETOH administration in rats alters renal sodium and potassium excretion independent of changes in GFR, PA, PRA or plasma volume as reflected by Hct. 相似文献
2.
Previous studies have implicated renal ultrastructural abnormalities in the pathogenesis of tubular dysfunction in fetal alcohol syndrome. Scanning electron microscopic studies were performed to examine the role of glomerular and tubular structural changes in this syndrome. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a liquid diet in which ethanol constituted 35% of the total caloric content or pair-fed an isocaloric control diet from gestational day 8 to the day of birth. After delivery, offspring were housed with the dam and left undisturbed until 18 days of age when they were weaned and given free access to standard chow diet and water. At random, kidneys from 11 offspring of ethanol-fed (E) rats and 7 pair-fed control (C) rats were fixed by in vivo retrograde perfusion at 90 days of age for ultrastructural studies. The E rats showed cytoplasmic mitochondrial atrophy and vacuolar structures of the epithelial cells of the distal tubules and collecting ducts not seen in C rats. No obvious difference was found in the glomerular, proximal tubule, or loop of Henle architecture between the two groups. These findings suggest that rats prenatally exposed to ethanol have renal ultrastructural abnormalities that may be important in the genesis of functional disturbances. 相似文献
3.
Assadi FK McCue P Jefferis S Shi M Beckman DA 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1999,13(9):812-815
The safety of cysteamine after renal transplantation and during pregnancy is an important issue, since girls with cystinosis
are in better health on cysteamine therapy and thus more likely to become pregnant. In the first study, cysteamine was given
to pregnant rats on days 6.5–18.5 post conception in oral doses of 0, 37.5, 75, 100, and 150 mg/kg per day. The dams were
sacrificed on day 20.5, the fetal kidneys removed and prepared for histological examination. In the second study, cysteamine
was given to dams on days 6.5–19.5 post conception in oral doses of 0, 37.5, 50, and 75 mg/kg per day. Dams were allowed to
give birth naturally and pups were given cysteamine on days 4–21 to yield the same oral doses of cysteamine given to the dam.
Renal function was evaluated on day 35. Histological examination of fetal kidneys revealed no changes even in kidneys from
fetuses with growth retardation and malformations. Furthermore, there were no alterations in renal function in offspring on
day 35. These findings demonstrate that cysteamine therapy does not affect renal development in the rat. Further investigations
will be required to prove whether cysteamine therapy has the potential to affect renal development in the human.
Received: 25 September 1998 / Revised: 17 November 1998 / Accepted: 13 December 1998 相似文献
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Dadgar Habibollah Emami Farshad Norouzbeigi Nasim Vafaee Manouchehr Seyedi Jafari Esmail Gholamrezanezhad Ali Assadi Majid Ahmadzadehfar Hojjat 《Molecular imaging and biology》2020,22(4):1062-1069
Molecular Imaging and Biology - The early and accurate diagnosis of locoregional recurrence or metastasis in prostate cancer (PC) has a significant impact on treatment options. Prostatic-specific... 相似文献
8.
Assadi FK Wang HE Lawless S McKay CP Hopp L Fattori D 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1999,13(9):917-919
Angioedema is a rare but potentially fatal side effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. We report for the
first time, two children with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed acute angioedema after the long-term use of enalapril.
Prompt recognition and appropriate management of ACE-induced angioedema prevented life-threatening complications. This report
highlights the potential risks of angioedema associated with the use of ACE inhibitors in children. Patients should be advised
to seek medical treatment immediately if they experience swelling of the face, neck, or tongue, and especially if they have
trouble breathing, speaking, or swallowing.
Received: 12 March 1999 / Revised: 8 June 1999 / Accepted: 8 June 1999 相似文献
9.
S. P. Samuel M.D. E. John M.D. F. Assadi M.D. S. Rao M.D. 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1984,51(6):751-754
Henoch schonlein syndrome (HSP) represents a diagnostic challenge when gastrointestinal symptoms or other atypical symptoms
precede the cutaneous manifestations. We describe two patients whose abdominal symptoms antedated cutaneous manifestations.
Six-year-old, black male patient, presented with 1 wk history of vomiting (without diarrhea or urinary symptoms), hypertension
(140/90 mmHg), diffuse abdominal pain and hypoactive bowel sounds:. WBC’s 40,000/Cu mm3 with 80 percent hypoproteinemia, (albumin 1.6 G%), high plasma renin and stools positive for occult blood. Renal function
and urinalysis was normal. Two weeks later patient developed urticarial purpuric rash over the ankles, gross hematuria and
gross edema. Biopsy of the skin lesion was consistent with HSP vasculitis. Second patient 4 yr Brazilian male patient presented
with abdominalpain, vomiting, blood in the stools, and pain in the right testis. Three days later, developed purpuric rash
over his limbs and trunk. He also had hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, leukocytosis and normal urine analysis. Abdominal
pain, bloody stools, painful testicular swelling and hypoproteinemia abated with steroid therapy. In HSP patients, atypical
presentation of abdominal pain, hypertension, hypoproteinemia without proteinuria testicular swelling and leucocytosis in
the absence of cutaneous and joint manifestations poses as diagnostic problem. Protein-losing enteropathy should be considered
in HSP patients with hypoproteinemia. 相似文献
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