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1.
Depolarization-induced retrograde synaptic inhibition in the mouse cerebellar cortex is mediated by 2-arachidonoylglycerol 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Bela Szabo Michal J. Urbanski Tiziana Bisogno Vincenzo Di Marzo Aitziber Mendiguren Wolfram U. Baer Ilka Freiman 《The Journal of physiology》2006,577(1):263-280
Endocannabinoids acting on CB1 cannabinoid receptors are involved in short- and long-term depression of synaptic transmission. The aim of the present study was to determine which endocannabinoid, anandamide or 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), is involved in depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI) in the cerebellar cortex, which is the most widely studied form of short-term depression. Depolarization of Purkinje cells in the mouse cerebellum led to an increase in intracellular calcium concentration and to suppression of the inhibitory input to these neurons (i.e. DSI occurred). Orlistat and RHC80267, two blockers of sn -1-diacylglycerol lipase, the enzyme catalysing 2-AG formation, abolished DSI by acting downstream of calcium influx. In contrast, DSI occurred also in the presence of a phospholipase C inhibitor. Intact operation of the calcium-dependent messengers calmodulin and Ca2+ –calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II were necessary for DSI. DSI was potentiated by an inhibitor of the main 2-AG-degrading enzyme, monoacylglycerol lipase. Interference with the anandamide metabolizing enzyme, fatty acid amide hydrolase, did not modify DSI. Thus, three kinds of observations identified 2-AG as the endocannabinoid involved in DSI in the mouse cerebellum: DSI was abolished by diacylglycerol lipase inhibitors; DSI was potentiated by a monoglyceride lipase inhibitor; and DSI was not changed by an inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase. Further experiments indicated that 2-AG is the endocannabinoid mediating short-term retrograde signalling also at other synapses: orlistat abolished DSI in the rat cerebellum, DSI in the mouse substantia nigra pars reticulata and depolarization-induced suppression of excitation in the mouse cerebellum. 相似文献
2.
M. Luisa Antelo Ane Altuna J. José Gimeno J. Javier Ferreiro Cristina Amunárriz J. José Mateos Saioa Zalba Aitziber Alkorta José Rifón J. Luis Arroyo Amaia Uresandi J. Antonio Moreno M. Josefa Nájera Sergio Pinzón Alejandro García J. Carlos Vallejo 《Transfusion and apheresis science》2021,60(3):103130
Plerixafor (PLX) appears to effectively enhance hematopoietic stem-cell mobilization prior to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HCT). However, the quality of engraftment following auto-HCT has been little explored. Here, engraftment following auto-HCT was assessed in patients mobilized with PLX through a retrospective, multicenter study of 285 consecutive patients. Information on early and 100-day post-transplant engraftment was gathered from the 245 patients that underwent auto-HCT. The median number of PLX days to reach the stem cell collection goal (≥2 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg) was 1 (range 1–4) and the median PLX administration time before apheresis was 11 h (range 1–18). The median number of apheresis sessions to achieve the collection goal was 2 (range 1–5) and the mean number of CD34+ cells collected was 2.95 × 106/kg (range 0–30.5). PLX administration was safe, with only 2 mild and transient gastrointestinal adverse events reported. The median time to achieve an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >500/μL was 11 days (range 3–31) and the median time to platelet recovery >20 × 103/μL was 13 days (range 5–69). At 100 days after auto-HCT, the platelet count was 137 × 109/L (range 7–340), the ANC was 2.3 × 109/L (range 0.1–13.0), and the hemoglobin concentration was 123 g/L (range 79–165). PLX use allowed auto-HCT to be performed in a high percentage of poorly mobilized patients, resulting in optimal medium-term engraftment in the majority of patients in whom mobilization failed, in this case mainly due to suboptimal peripheral blood CD34+ cell concentration on day +4 or low CD34+ cell yield on apheresis. 相似文献
3.
Aize Pellon Andoni Ramirez-Garcia Idoia Buldain Aitziber Antoran Leire Martin–Souto Aitor Rementeria Fernando L. Hernando 《International journal of antimicrobial agents》2018,51(1):10-15
The number of fungal isolates resistant to antifungal drugs has increased dramatically over the last few years and has become an important concern for clinicians. Among these isolates, fungi showing multidrug resistance are particularly worrying because of the difficulties associated with their treatment. These factors hamper the successful recovery of patients and drastically raise mortality rates. Antifungal resistance is multifactorial and several mechanisms in different fungi have been described. There is a need to study these mechanisms in depth; however, the study of antifungal drug resistance separately for each individual species makes progress in the field very slow and tedious. The selection of a multiresistant microorganism as a model for understanding resistance mechanisms and extrapolating the results to other species could help in the search for a solution. In this mini-review, we describe the pathobiology of Lomentospora (Scedosporium) prolificans, paying special attention to its intrinsic resistance to all currently available antifungal agents. The characteristics of L. prolificans offer several advantages: the possibility of using a single microorganism for the study of resistance to different drugs, even cases of double and triple resistance; it is biologically safe for society in general as no new genetically–modified strains are needed for the experiments; it is homologous with other fungal species, and there is repetitiveness between different strains. In conclusion, we propose L. prolificans as a candidate for consideration as a fungal model for the study of resistance mechanisms against antifungal agents. 相似文献
4.
Aitziber Aguinaga Jorge Díaz-González Alejandra Pérez-García Laura Barrado Iván Martínez-Baz Itziar Casado Regina Juanbeltz Carmen Ezpeleta Jesús Castilla 《Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica》2018,36(6):325-331
Objective
To estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Navarra, Spain, as well as to distinguish between diagnosed and undiagnosed infections.Methods
A study was conducted on patients scheduled for surgery unrelated to HCV infection. They were all tested for HCV antibodies, under a routine scheme, from January 2014 to September 2016. Patients with a positive result by enzyme immunoassay were confirmed using immunoblot and/or HCV-RNA. Previous laboratory results were also taken into account. The prevalence was adjusted to the sex and age structure of the Navarra population.Results
The study included a total of 7,378 patients with a median age 46 years, of whom 50% women. HCV antibodies were detected in 69 patients, which is a prevalence in the population of 0.83% (95% confidence interval: 0.64-1.05), and was higher in men (1.11%) than in women (0.56%; P = .0102). Among the HCV positive patients, 67 (97%) had had another previous positive result. Population prevalence of previous positive HCV was 0.80%, and was 0.03% for a new diagnosis. Of the HCV positive patients, 78% had detectable HCV-RNA. It was estimated that 0.65% of the population had had detectable HCV-RNA, and 0.51% continued to have it when recruited into the study.Conclusion
Previous estimates of prevalence of HCV infection should be revised downwards. Only a small proportion of HCV positive patients remain undiagnosed, and only a small part have active infection. 相似文献5.
6.
Alvarez-Manceñido Felipe Jimenez-Fonseca Paula Carmona-Bayonas Alberto Arrazubi Virginia Hernandez Raquel Cano Juana M. Custodio Ana Pericay Pijaume Carles Aguado Gema Martínez Lago Nieves Sánchez Cánovas Manuel Cacho Lavin Diego Visa Laura Martinez-Torron Alba Arias-Martinez Aranzazu López Flora Limón M. Luisa Vidal Tocino Rosario Fernández Montes Ana Alsina Maria Pimentel Paola Reguera Pablo Martín Carnicero Alfonso Ramchandani Avinash Granja Mónica Azkarate Aitor Martín Richard Marta Serra Olbia Hernández Pérez Carolina Hurtado Alicia Gil-Negrete Aitziber Sauri Tamara Morales del Burgo Patricia Gallego Javier 《Gastric cancer》2021,24(4):926-936
Gastric Cancer - Advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is generally treated similarly to advanced gastroesophageal junction (GEJ-AC) and gastric (GAC) adenocarcinomas, although GAC clinical... 相似文献
7.
Sánchez-Martín JR Azurmendi A Pascual-Sagastizabal E Cardas J Braza F Braza P Carreras MR Muñoz JM 《Psychoneuroendocrinology》2011,36(5):750-760
Previous studies indicate that androgen levels and certain psychological characteristics such as anger and impulsivity are related to the development and maintenance of aggression. Further studies are required to analyze the potential predictor role of the interaction of said factors on aggressive behavior. 90 nine-year-old children (44 boys and 46 girls) were assessed in relation to their levels of physical, verbal and indirect aggression, using a peer-rating technique. Testosterone and androstenedione levels were analyzed using an enzymoimmunoassay technique in saliva samples. Anger (state and trait) and anger control were measured using the STAXI-NA, and impulsivity was measured through the MFF-20. A General Linear Model revealed that sex was the best predictor for aggression measures, with boys scoring higher than girls in physical, verbal and indirect aggression; after sex, testosterone was found to be the best predictor (in a positive sense) of all three types of aggressive behavior studied. In addition to observing a main effect of androstenedione on physical and verbal aggression, a 'state anger*androstenedione' interaction was found to predict these types of aggression, with androstenedione acting as a moderator (inhibitor) of the effects of anger on these behaviors; also, a 'state anger*testosterone' interaction was found to predict verbal aggression. The results support the idea that, after sex, androgens constitute a biological marker to be taken into consideration in relation to individual differences in aggressive behavior. It is possible that at the age of 9, testosterone tends to increase aggression, while androstenedione tends to moderate (inhibit) the effects of anger on aggression. 相似文献
8.
Justino Rodriguez-Alarcón Gómez Izaskun Asla ElorriagaLuis Fernández-Llebrez Aitziber Pérez FernándezCristina Uría Avellanal Carmen Osuna Sierra 《Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología》2011,54(2):55-59
Objective
To evaluate an unexpected increase in the incidence of apparently life threatening events and sudden deaths in neonates during the first 2 hours after birth in our hospital. This increase occurred in the first 2 years after generalized skin-to-skin contact between mother and infant became routine practice.Methods
Full information on all our patients was collected to evaluate possible risk factors. Differences in incidence in four successive periods comprising the previous 35 years, with 208220 live neonates, were also analyzed.Results
In the last period, there was a statistically significant increase in the rate of apparently life threatening events and sudden deaths in neonates. Several potential risk factors were detected: skin-to-skin contact, primiparity, an increased incidence in night hours and the invariable occurrence of these events in the second period of neonatal adaptation (30 to 90 minutes of life). Of eight patients with apparently life-threatening events, two had neurological sequelae and another died.Conclusion
Apparently life threatening events in the first 2 hours of life are uncommon but may have serious consequences. One of the main risk factors may be skin-to-skin contact between mother and infant in the delivery room during the early adaptation period. As such contact has been proven to be beneficial and without apparent risks, this practice should be promoted. However, maternity staff should be vigilant during skin-to-skin contact, especially if the mother is alone with her neonate or other risk factors are present. 相似文献9.
Aitziber Elvira Urdampilleta Amaia Oyarzabal UrkiolaM. José Larraza Zandueta Olatz LizartzaBorja Rivero Torrejón Juan Mari Landa AranzabalMiguel Ángel Giribet 《Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología》2009
Bilateral ectopic pregnancy with a live embryo is a rare occurrence. We report a case of bilateral ectopic pregnancy with live embryo in one tube and an interrupted gestation in the other tube, in a patient with no risk factors. When there is a unilateral ectopic pregnancy, even without risk factors, the other adnexal area and abdominal cavity should also be examined. 相似文献
10.