Catharsis: an investigation of its meaning and nature

Nurses commonly use catharsis and cathartic techniques as part of their clinical practice to enable clients and themselves to release emotion, to feel better and to facilitate coping However, the literature does not provide clinical nursing evidence for its use The main purpose of the investigation is to examine the beliefs about and understanding of catharsis which two groups of nurses hold one group of nurse teachers and one group of nursing students One hundred and forty-two respondents completed self-administered questionnaires asking about their understanding of and beliefs about catharsis as being beneficial, social, negative or psychotherapeutic in nature The possible relationship of their answers to age, sex, philosophical orientation and qualifications was deemed to be important The results suggest nurses understand that catharsis is related to emotion and has a psychotherapeutic purpose However, there appear to be gaps in their understanding Nurses also seem to believe that the release and expression of emotions is more acceptable for women than for men There is also evidence that the more experienced nurses think differently from less expenenced nurses, placing more emphasis on behaviour rather than emotion as they grow older The problems associated with catharsis are discussed along with the implications for research and practice     

Catharsis: a literature review

A review of the catharsis literature by its nature must begin with an examination of its development from emotion. This allows us to understand why so much controversy surrounds catharsis as a therapeutic notion. The study of emotion and its various facets, such as the role of language and gender differences, are discussed. Definitions of catharsis and an examination of the evidence for the three major forms of catharsis follow. This enables the relevance of catharsis as a stress management technique in the self-care of nurses and other healthcare professionals to be examined.
The review concludes that there is a paucity of mental health nursing evidence to support the value of catharsis as a skilled nursing intervention. The existing inconclusive evidence from other sources, such as psychology, does tend to support the use of catharsis in some situations. Finally, recommendations for particular aspects of future catharsis research are also suggested.