小中风的前兆

正想象一下这两种情况,当您准备写一张纸条时,感觉自己手中的笔是在湿湿的混凝土上移动。或者是您的视力突然不正常了——就好像一块黑色的窗帘盖在您的一只眼睛上了。如果这些奇怪的症状只持续几分钟,你可能只是按按自己的双手或是揉揉自己的双眼,认为这只是一次很普通的肌肉抽搐或仅仅是因为疲劳。神经内科专家称,千万不     

“无声”心脏病发作的危险

<正>多达一半的心脏病发作未能被发现,而他们的长期后果可能是严重的。大多数人在没有觉察的情况下就发作了心脏病。这种心脏病发作通常被称作"无声"心脏病发作,但我们用一个更准确的术语称之为"未被识别"的心脏病发作。专家指出,有些人确实出现了症状,所以从这种意义上来说,他们的心脏病发作并不是无声的。他们只是没有意识到这些不适感源自心脏。有两个最常见的患者感到不适的感觉是消化不良和肌肉疼痛,但其真正的原因是心脏的血流量变     

晋江市中小学生视力发育状况分析

视力不良是我国及世界各国青少年的常见病和多发病。并且逐年攀升，严重影响青少年综合素质的全面发展和提高。为了解晋江市中小学生视力状况，掌握其视力不良的发展规律，为青少年近视的防治工作提供科学依据，本对2000年和2004年晋江市中小学生的视力发育情况进行分析。现报告如下。     

奥曲肽治疗急性胰腺炎的临床观察与护理

[目的]观察奥曲肽对急性胰腺炎的治疗作用与护理。[方法]将38例急性胰腺炎患者分A、B两组,A组按常规治疗,B组在A组治疗基础上加用奥曲肽0.1mg静脉注射,然后0.6mg/24h维持静脉注射,观察患者首次通便时间,腹痛、腹胀缓解时间,血、尿淀粉酶恢复正常时间,持续使用5~7天,待血、尿淀粉酶恢复正常再维持1~2天。[结果]B组患者首次通便时间,腹痛、腹胀缓解时间,血、尿淀粉酶恢复正常时间及平均住院日均较A组明显缩短(P<0.01或P<0.05)。[结论]经临床正确诊治和采用有效护理措施,保证了合理用药,减少药物治疗中不良反应,效果良好。     

在腹腔镜下行髂内动脉结扎及置泵10例

目的 探讨腹腔镜髂内动脉结扎及置泵可行性。方法 对10例膀胱癌患者采用经腹腔镜行一侧髂内动脉结扎并植泵，对侧髂内动脉结扎，用于膀胱癌经尿道电切术后的序贯化疗。结果 1例改行开放髂内动脉置泵，9例手术成功。手术时间40～120min，平均65min。出血10～30mL，肠功能恢复6～12h，当日开始灌注化疗药物，术后3d下床活动。带泵2、3a。结论 在腹腔镜下行髂内动脉结扎及置泵具有创伤小、出血少、愈合快等优点，在泌尿外科有很宽广的发展前景。     

临床医学科研设计、衡量、评价(DME)专题讲座 第四讲 病因学的研究及其评价

从广义上说,病因是指与疾病发生有关的直接的和间接的因素;从狭义上说,是指疾病发生的必不可少的直接原因。人类的生命现象是借适应反应以保持体内平衡,而疾病现象则是这种平衡的破坏,我们可把引起体内平衡破坏的一切条件都归之于病因的范围。病因学研究中常用的术语“危险因素”一词正是指一些与某特定疾病有密切联系、人们暴露接触后会增加得该病危险性的因素。在疾病的致     

腹腔镜规则性左肝外侧叶切除术15例

目的探讨腹腔镜左肝外侧叶切除术的可行性。方法2004年12月-2006年8月对病灶位于左肝外侧叶原发性肝细胞癌10例，肝海绵状血管瘤3例，结肠癌肝转移2例，腹腔镜下应用电刀或超声刀、线性切割器等切除左肝外侧叶。结果15例均在完全腹腔镜下行规则性左肝外侧叶切除，无中转开腹。手术时间65—120rain，平均100min；术中出血量50—100ml，平均80ml。肿瘤全部完整切除，无破裂，完整取出标本的边界距肿瘤切缘1cm以上，术后病理证实切端未见癌细胞侵犯。术后无出血及胆漏，术后腹腔引流管3—4d。术后住院3—5d。12例肝癌术后随访1-20个月，平均12．5月，未见肝内复发及手术切口肿瘤种植，所有患者均健康存活。结论腹腔镜规则性左肝外侧叶切除可行、安全。     

兔肢体爆炸伤合并海水浸泡后在不同复温速率及维持浅低体温下机体炎症反应的特征

Objective To investigate effects of different rewarming rates and maintenance of light hypothermia on inflammatory response in rabbits after limb blast injury, coupled with seawater immersion. Methods First, the model of limb blast injury coupled with seawater immersion was reproduced [the animals were immersed to low body temperature of (31.0±0.5℃)]. Then, 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into group Ⅰ [the rapid rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (8.94±0.93)℃/h], group Ⅱ [the slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (3.88±0.22)℃/h], group Ⅲ [another slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (2.18±0.12)℃/h], and the H group [the hypothermia group, n =6, rewarmed to (34 - 35)℃ at a rate of (4.49±0.66)℃/h and kept at that temperature till termination of the experiment]. Regulation of ambient temperature and warm transfusion were used to restore body temperature to target levels and maintained there for 6 hours. Blood samples were taken at 5 different times, I.e. Pre-injury time(T0), post-immersion time (T1), the time when rewarming started (T2), 3 h after rewarming (T3), and 6 h after rewarming (T4). Tissue samples from heart, liver, intestinum, lung and kidney were also collected. Levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) in plasma and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in homogenate were detected. Results Following rewarming, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in the plasma of the animals in group Ⅰ and group H were significantly higher when compared with those of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05, P<0.01), and MPO activity in homogenate was significantly higher when compared with that of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(P<0.01, P<0.05), and no statistical difference could be seen between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). Conclusions Rapid rewarming and maintenance of light hypothermia could obviously elevate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in plasma and MPO activity in homogenate, following limb blast injury coupled with hypothermia induced by seawater immersion, while slow rewarming (with a rewarming rate of 2-4℃/h) could significantly inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and PMN activity.     

眩晕症的预防及护理

眩晕是目眩和头晕的总称，以眼花、视物不清和昏暗发黑为眩，以视物旋转，或天旋地转视物旋转为晕，因两者常同时并见，故称眩晕。