紫外分光光度法测定不同产地黄芪总黄酮的含量

目的:建立黄芪中总黄酮的含量测定方法,比较不同产地黄芪药材总黄酮的含量。方法:以毛蕊异黄酮苷为对照品,采用紫外分光光度法,测定波长为260 nm,对不同产地黄芪药材总黄酮的含量进行测定。结果:毛蕊异黄酮苷在4~20μg/m L呈现良好的线性关系,r=0.9999,平均回收率为99.96%,RSD%为1.53%;不同产地黄芪药材,总黄酮含量在0.234%~0.383%范围内。结论:本实验建立的方法适用于测定黄芪药材中总黄酮的含量;不同产地黄芪中总黄酮含量以毛蕊异黄酮苷计由高到低依次为大兴安岭、甘肃、山西、内蒙古。     

氟尿嘧啶植入剂对H22肝癌移植瘤射频消融后残留癌的抑制作用及其机制

目的 探讨氟尿嘧啶植入剂对H22肝癌移植瘤射频消融(RFA)后残留癌的作用及其机制.方法 采用H22肝癌小鼠移植瘤模型,建立RFA后残留癌模型.随机分为5组:不作任何处理(A组);单纯RFA处理(B组);RFA后残留癌内分别植入氟尿嘧啶植入剂2 mg(C组)、4 mg(D组)和6 mg(E组).RFA两周后取残留癌组织,免疫组织化学方法检测增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、微血管密度(MVD)的表达;Western blot法检测PCNA和VEGF的蛋白表达.结果 与A组(2.51±0.30)cm3比较,B组肿瘤体积明显增大(3.10±0.20)cm3,C、D和E组肿瘤体积逐渐减小,分别为(1.51±0.20)、(0.72±0.45)、(0.36±0.22)cm3(P＜0.05).与A组(1.40±0.25)g比较,B组取瘤时瘤重明显增加为(2.51±0.37)g,C、D和E组取瘤时瘤重逐渐减轻,分别为(1.33±0.22)、(0.80±0.21)、(0.01±0.01)g(P＜0.05).B、C、D和E组的抑瘤率分别为-79%、5%、43%和99%.免疫组织化学结果:与A组比较,B组残留癌中VEGF、PCNA和MVD的表达均明显增高,C、D和E组残留癌中VEGF、PCNA和MVD的表达逐渐减少(P＜0.05).Western blot结果,与A组比较,B组残留癌中VEGF和PCNA的蛋白表达均明显增高,C、D和E组残留癌中VEGF和PCNA的蛋白表达逐渐减少(P＜0.05).结论 氟尿嘧啶植入剂对H22肝癌移植瘤RFA后残留癌有明显的抑制作用,并可能通过抑制肿瘤细胞生长和血管生成而抑制残留癌的生长.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the effect and mechanism of fluorouracil implants on residual tumor of mouse H22 model following radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods The mouse H22 model was established. The tumors were subjected to RFA under the ablation condition of 55 ℃ for 5 min. Fifty-five mouse H22 models were divided into five groups randomly: control group ( group A); RFA group (group B); combined treatments group using RFA and 2 mg fluorouracil implants (group C), 4 mg flu orouracil implants ( group D) and 6 mg fluorouracil implants ( group E). The change of tumor volumes,and tumor weights were detected two weeks after RFA. The microvessel densities (MVD) of the residual tumor were measured by immunohistochemical staining. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were examined by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. Results As compared with group A (2. 51 ± 0. 30) cm3, tumor volumes in group B were statistically increased (3. 10 ±0. 20) cm3, those in group C (1.51 ±0. 20) cm3, group D (0. 72 ± 0. 45) cm3 and group E (0. 36 ± 0. 22) cm3 were gradually decreased ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). As compared with group A ( 1.40 ±0. 25) g, the tumor weights in group B were statistically increased (2.51 ±0. 37) g, but those in group C ( 1.33 ±0. 22 g), group D (0. 80 ±0. 21 ) g and group E (0. 01 ±0. 01 ) g were gradually decreased (P ＜0. 05). The inhibiton rate of tumor growth in groups B, C, D and E was - 79%, 5%,43% and 99% respectively. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that the expression levels of VEGF,PCNA and MVD in group B were significantly higher than those in group A, but those in groups C, D and E were gradually lower than those in group A ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Western blotting revealed that the protein expression levels of VEGF and PCNA in group B were significantly higher than those in group A, but those of VEGF and PCNA in groups C, D and E were gradually lower than those in group A (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Fluorouracil implants inhibits residual tumor of mouse H22 model following RFA significantly by inhibiting the growth and angiogenesis of residual tumor.     

原发性阑尾腺癌的临床特点及预后影响因素

原发性阑尾腺癌（ primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma , PAA）,由Berger于1882年首次发现并记录［1］,是一种罕见的阑尾疾病,发病率为每年每1000000人0.12例［2-3］。它的临床表现通常是非特异性的,与急性阑尾炎无法鉴别［4］。因此,术前诊断较困难,一般依靠术后病理证实。原发性阑尾恶性肿瘤包括上皮和非上皮恶性肿瘤［2-6］。上皮来源恶性肿瘤分为腺癌和类癌,腺癌又可分为三类：黏液腺癌,结肠型腺癌和印戒细胞癌［7-8］。其中类癌肿瘤占原发性阑尾肿瘤的80％,而PAA罕见（占所有阑尾肿瘤的4％～6％）,预后较差［9］。因此回顾性研究PAA都是小样本。迄今为止,有关这些肿瘤的资料只有有限的临床数据。本文主要介绍PAA的三个组织学亚型的临床特点及预后影响因素。