四招搞定水果

一个个又大又圆、味美多汁、红红绿绿的水果显现着诱人的口感。光是看着就让人忍不住垂涎三尺，这就是水果的诱惑。但是有的时候吃水果亦如人生，甘甜中总带有苦涩。     

颈总动脉内-中膜厚度对2型糖尿病视网膜病变的预测价值

目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者(T2DM)颈总动脉内-中膜厚度(CCA IMT)对糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的预测价值.方法:筛选T2DM患者116例,根据眼底荧光造影的结果分为糖尿病无视网膜病变(NDR)组及糖尿病视网膜病变组.记录各组病例的性别、年龄、糖尿病病程,测量其CCA IMT、空腹血糖(FBG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc).结果:方差分析显示,两组样本的CCA IMT、FBG、HbA1c及糖尿病病程的组间差异具有显著意义(P值分别为0.000、0.046、0.016及0.029),而年龄无明显差异(P ＝ 0.695).单变量logistic回归分析显示CCA IMT、FBG、HbA1c及糖尿病病程与DR的发生具有正相关性(P值分别为0.000、0.000、0.013及0.033),多变量分析排除了FBG、HbA1c及糖尿病病程的影响后,CCA IMT依然是DR的独立危险因素(P ＝ 0.00).以CCA IMT来诊断DR,接收者工作特性(ROC)曲线的曲线下面积为0.785,显示T2DM患者的CCA IMT对预测DR的发生具有一定的价值;以CCA IMT值大于1.055 mm为界,敏感性为62.3%,特异性为71.4%.结论:T2DM患者的CCA IMT对预测DR的发生具有一定的价值.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植对糖尿病模型大鼠肾脏的保护作用

BACKGROUND:So far numerous theoretical studies have shown the treatment effect of stem cell transplantation for chronic complications of diabetes, while its treatment effects on diabetic nephropathy have not yet been confirmed in animal models. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on the kidney in rat models of diabetes. METHODS:Rats were fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet for 4 weeks, and then were given injection of streptozotocin to establish type 2 diabetic rat models. At 2 days after modeling, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were injected via the tail vein (stem cell transplantation group). In the meanwhile, control and diabetes groups were established. At 21 days after cell transplantation, levels of glucose, triglyceride and insulin in the tail vein were detected. Additionally, morphological observations of kidney and pancreatic tissues were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The levels of blood sugar, insulin and triglycerides in the diabetes group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Blood glucose and insulin levels in the stem cell transplantation group were significantly lower than those of the diabetes group (P < 0.05). In addition, mesangial area and glomerular volume in the stem cell transplantation group were significantly lower compared with the diabetes group (P < 0.05). These results confirm that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can reduce levels of blood glucose and serum insulin, contributing to the repair of damaged pancreas and kidney.     

甘精胰岛素与格列美脲联合治疗口服降糖药控制不佳2型糖尿病的疗效

糖尿病由多种病因引起的以慢性高血糖为特征的代谢紊乱,伴有因胰岛素分泌绝对或作用缺陷引起的糖、脂肪和蛋白质代谢异常.病因与胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素分泌不足有关[1].2型糖尿病以胰岛素抵抗为主,伴胰岛素分泌或相对不足,目前,2型糖尿病多通过控制饮食、口服降糖药物、注射胰岛素等治疗[2,3].本研究主要探讨甘精胰岛素与格列美脲联合应用治疗口服降糖药控制不佳的2型糖尿病的临床效果.     

血管回声跟踪技术评价2型糖尿病内皮功能

目的使用血管回声跟踪技术（e-TRACKING）评价2型糖尿病患者内皮细胞损害,探讨与糖化血红蛋白的关系。方法选择健康人群30人,2型糖尿病中血糖控制正常14例,血糖控制不正常16例,评价患者动脉硬化指标,压力应变弹性参数系数（Eр）、僵硬度（β）、顺应性（AC）、脉搏波传导速度（PWVβ）、膨大指数（AI）之间的差异,比较与糖化血红蛋白之间的关系,判断糖尿病患者动脉粥样硬化程度和HA1c之间的关系。结果（1）与正常对照组相比,糖尿病组的颈总动脉β、Eр、PWVβ均增高,差异有统计学意义;而AC降低,差异有统计学意义,AI增高,差异无明显差异;（2）与糖化血红蛋白正常组相比,糖化血红蛋白增高组的颈总动脉β、Eр、PWVβ均增高,差异有统计学意义;而AC降低,差异有统计学意义,AI增高,但差异无明显差异。结论2型糖尿病患者使用血管回声跟踪技术可以评价早期动脉硬化程度,有助于早期治疗,延缓动脉粥样硬化的进展。