海洛因依赖者前额叶皮质及杏仁核1H-MR波谱研究

Objective To explore the characteristic findings of 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS) in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala of patients with heroine dependence(HD), and the relationship to total cumulative dose of inhaled heroine.Methods Fourteen male HD patients and 12 healthy controls (HC) underwent 1H-MRS at the prefrontal cortex and amygdala regions.The total cumulative in haled heroin dose was (852±341) g in HD.Ratios of N-acetylaspartate/creatine(NAA/Cr) and choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) were respectively measured in the prefrontal cortex and bilateral amygdale regions.The student's t test and the linear correlation were employed for statistical analysis.Results Compared to HC group, HD patients had a significant lower ratio of NAA/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (1.44±0.46 vs 1.50±0.75, t=1.77 ,P <0.05), left amygdala region (1.32±0.08 vs 1.42±0.08, t=3.41, P < 0.05), and right amygdala region (1.34±0.09 vs 1.44±0.10, t=2.63, P <0.05), the HD patients had a significant increased ratio of Cho/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (0.92±0.06 vs 0.86±0.08, t=2.31, P < 0.05), left amygdala region (1.20+0.12 vs 1.07±0.04, t=3.60,P<0.05) and right amygdala region(1.26±0.15 vs 1.12±0.11,t=2.60,P <0.05).There was a negative linear correlation between the total cumulative inhaled heroine dose and the ratio of NKA/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (r=-0.9159, P < 0.01), left amygdala region (r=-0.8756, P < 0.01), and right amygdala region (r=-0.9399, P < 0.01) respectively.Conclusions The study indicates that neuronal damage and glial proliferation may occur in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala region, which suggests the abnormalities of executive function and emotion in patients with HD.A relationship exists between the heroin-induced metabolic abnormality and the total cumulative dose of inhaled heroine.     

伏隔核的磁共振显示方法研究

目的 利用3.0T磁共振探寻显示伏隔核的最佳方式.方法 对32名健康志愿者进行头部常规及容积扫描.将容积扫描图像进行不同角度重建,分为12组.对各组重建伏隔核图像进行打分评价并分析.结果 男女性别间分值差异无统计学意义,与前后连合连线垂直的90°组与其它角度组间的差异均有统计学意义(P《0.05).结论 3.0T磁共振可以较好显示伏隔核,扫描伏隔核最佳方案应为垂直于前后连合连线的冠状位扫描.     

骨梗死影像学表现及其病理学基础

目的 探讨骨梗死的影像学表现及其病理学基础。方法 回顾性分析对临床随访及穿刺活检病理证实的11例骨梗死X线平片、CT及MRI征象，并结合骨梗死早、中晚期病理改变，总结其影像学特征。结果 病变主要累及股骨下端和胫骨上端。骨梗死早期X线、CT阴性或仅局部骨小梁模糊，MRI表现为骨梗死灶中心区呈等至短T1、T2信号改变，周边环绕花边状长T1、长T2信号带，示梗死灶内出血肿胀，与正常骨髓间有充血水肿;中晚期X线、CT表现为斑片状、条索状及不规则骨质硬化和钙化;MRI表现为病变中心等或稍长T1、T2信号改变;病灶边缘T1WI呈花边状低信号带，T2WI呈内层为高信号、外层为低信号的双信号带。最后MRI呈长T1、短T2信号影，示坏死组织被肉芽组织和纤维组织替代而发生纤维化和钙化或骨化。结论 骨梗死的各期有不同的影像学表现和相应的病理学基础，MRI发现早期病变较平片和CT敏感，中晚期平片、CT和MRI均具有特征性表现，而MRI是本病最好的检查手段。     

三段式医学影像学教学新体系的构建

医学影像学是临床医学中发展最快的学科之一,同时又是一门实践性很强的学科,通过"框架构建、分层填充、递进拓展"三段式医学影像教学体系的构建,使教学体系既能适应医学影像学的快速发展,又满足了培养素质型人才的现实需要.     

癫痫的语言功能磁共振研究

癫痫的语言功能磁共振成像已经成为一个重要的临床研究,对癫痫外科术前进行语言优势半球定侧、功能区定位、预测术后失语以及研究语言可塑性和重组现象发挥着重要作用。     

伏隔核磁共振容积扫描参数的研究

目的 探讨伏隔核3.0T磁共振容积扫描的最佳扫描参数.方法 健康志愿者72人,平均分为12组.利用T1WI三维快速扰相梯度回波序列,在其它参数固定的情况下,分别采用4个不同准备时间与3种矩阵组合成的12种方案对伏隔核进行容积扫描.测量其邻近脑白质与伏隔核的对比噪声比(CNR)并进行分析.结果 在所有组中第1组所得的图像CNR最高(P<0.05).当矩阵为256×256时,第1组图像CNR最高(P<0.05);当矩阵为342×342时,第5～8组之间不存在统计学差异;当矩阵为512×512时,第9组的图像CNR分别最高(P<0.05).结论 利用3.0T磁共振三维快速扰相梯度回波序列扫描伏隔核时,在TR=8.1 ms ,TE=3.6 ms ,FOV=24 cm×19.6 cm ,层厚=1.4 mm ,层间距=-0.7 mm ,反转角=20°,NEX=2的情况下,较合适的矩阵应为342×342,准备时间为350～500 ms.     

正常成人伏隔核体积磁共振测量初探

目的:利用3.0磁共振分析成人伏隔核体积双侧差异及性别差异.方法:健康志愿者42例(男24例,女18例),年龄范围18～55岁,中位年龄25岁,利用磁共振对伏隔核进行常规扫描和冠状面容积扫描.在容积扫描图像上对伏隔核分割并进行体积测量,比较双侧体积差异及性别差异.结果:所有志愿者以及男、女性志愿者伏隔核平均体积均右侧大于左侧(P<0.001).男女之间伏隔核总体积差异不存在统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:健康成人右侧伏隔核体积大于左侧,性别之间伏隔核总体积无明显差异.     

海洛因依赖者前额叶皮质及杏仁核1H-MR波谱研究

Objective To explore the characteristic findings of 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS) in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala of patients with heroine dependence(HD), and the relationship to total cumulative dose of inhaled heroine.Methods Fourteen male HD patients and 12 healthy controls (HC) underwent 1H-MRS at the prefrontal cortex and amygdala regions.The total cumulative in haled heroin dose was (852±341) g in HD.Ratios of N-acetylaspartate/creatine(NAA/Cr) and choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) were respectively measured in the prefrontal cortex and bilateral amygdale regions.The student's t test and the linear correlation were employed for statistical analysis.Results Compared to HC group, HD patients had a significant lower ratio of NAA/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (1.44±0.46 vs 1.50±0.75, t=1.77 ,P <0.05), left amygdala region (1.32±0.08 vs 1.42±0.08, t=3.41, P < 0.05), and right amygdala region (1.34±0.09 vs 1.44±0.10, t=2.63, P <0.05), the HD patients had a significant increased ratio of Cho/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (0.92±0.06 vs 0.86±0.08, t=2.31, P < 0.05), left amygdala region (1.20+0.12 vs 1.07±0.04, t=3.60,P<0.05) and right amygdala region(1.26±0.15 vs 1.12±0.11,t=2.60,P <0.05).There was a negative linear correlation between the total cumulative inhaled heroine dose and the ratio of NKA/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (r=-0.9159, P < 0.01), left amygdala region (r=-0.8756, P < 0.01), and right amygdala region (r=-0.9399, P < 0.01) respectively.Conclusions The study indicates that neuronal damage and glial proliferation may occur in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala region, which suggests the abnormalities of executive function and emotion in patients with HD.A relationship exists between the heroin-induced metabolic abnormality and the total cumulative dose of inhaled heroine.     

肝脏肿瘤手推团注动态MR增强扫描方法及2种对比剂效果比较

目的介绍肝脏病变手推团注动态MR增强扫描方法,对比离子型钆喷酸葡胺和非离子型钆双胺MR对比剂在肝脏肿瘤性病变动态增强的效果。方法185例肝脏肿瘤患者分2组:第1组91例(男52例,女39例),采用非离子型钆双胺MR对比剂(Gd-DTPA-BMA);第2组94例(男55例,女39例),采用离子型钆喷酸葡胺MR对比剂(Gd-DTPA)。行手推团注动态MR增强扫描。结果①手推团注动态强化效果总满意率75.14%,一般率24.32%,差0.54%。②2组间动态强化效果t检验无显著性差异,P>0.05。③各类肝脏肿瘤动态强化表现组间t检验无显著性差异,P>0.05。结论肝肿瘤手推团注动态MR增强扫描,Gd-DTPA-BMA和Gd-DTPA均可达到满意的增强效果。完全可满足临床诊断要求。     

动脉瘤样骨囊肿的影像学诊断及误诊分析

目的:通过对动脉瘤样骨囊肿(ABC)影像学诊断及误诊的分析,进一步探讨ABC的影像学特点。方法:结合病理特点回顾性分析22例经手术病理证实的正确诊断及误诊的ABC的影像学表现,22例均摄X线平片,19例行CT平扫,15例行MRI。结果:22例ABC发生于长骨17例,脊柱3例,骨盆2例。ABC平片表现常为偏心性膨胀性囊性改变;CT平扫可见膨胀的骨壳内缘呈清晰弧形压迹,其中骨壳完整18例,21例可见蜂房样低密度影,1例出现液-液平面,2例软组织肿块;15例MRI主要表现为T1WI呈等低信号,T2WI呈大小不一高信号囊腔或液-液平面,囊间隔在T1WI、T2WI均为低信号。误诊4例,其中发病部位长骨2例,脊柱和骨盆各1例。结论:正确认识ABC发病机理及病理特点的基础上,结合X线、CT和MRI的特征性影像学表现,进行综合分析是正确诊断ABC,避免误诊的关键所在。