BK通道对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤神经细胞内钙离子浓度及凋亡的影响

目的 观察BK通道对脑缺血再灌注损伤神经细胞内钙离子浓度([Ca2+]i)和对神经元凋亡的影响。方法 将108只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(SS组,n=36)、脑缺血再灌注组(IR组,n=36)、脑缺血再灌注且脑室内Iberiotoxin(IBTX)处理组(IBTX组,n=36),分别比较各组在不同再灌注时间后神经功能缺损评分、脑梗死面积,利用激光共聚焦显微镜技术测定各组[Ca2+]i浓度,免疫组织化学和TUNEL法分别检测BK通道表达和神经元细胞凋亡。结果 IBTX处理组在再灌注24h后神经功能缺损评分为(2.17±0.44)明显高于IR组(1.83±0.42,P＜0.05);脑梗死体积(27.97±5.84)％明显大于SS组(22.83±4.74)％(P＜0.05);激光共聚焦显微镜结果显示:IBTX处理组24h点[Ca2+]i为(914.50 ±86.57) nmol/L较SS组(732.09 ±51.30) nmol/L明显升高(P＜0.01),TUNEL细胞凋亡检测显示IBTX处理组24h神经细胞凋亡率为(15.20±6.11)％,与IR组(10.49±1.91)％比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),免疫组织化学结果显示缺血再灌注损伤后BK通道的表达增加,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 在缺血状态下,BK通道对神经细胞具有保护作用,其机制很可能是通过降低神经细胞内钙离子浓度和减少细胞的凋亡。     

重型颅脑损伤患者自主神经功能障碍的临床分析

目的 探讨重型颅脑损伤患者自主神经功能紊乱综合征发生率、临床症状、发病危险因素及预后.方法回顾性分析2008年1月-2010年3月收治的142例重型颅脑损伤患者,比较自主神经功能障碍组和对照组(无自主神经功能障碍患者)的临床特征;采用Logistic回归分析自主神经功能障碍发病的危险因素;伤后6个月采用GOS评分分析其预后.结果142例患者中生存并成功随访94例,自主神经功能障碍患者16例(17%),且其在GCS评分、昏迷时间、ICU时间、平均住院时间等方面较对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);自主神经功能障碍患者预后较差(P<0.05),与弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)密切相关(OR=11.25,95%CI 7.65～16.54).结论 自主神经功能障碍在严重颅脑损伤患者中发生率较高,临床表现重,DAI增加其发作风险,此类患者多预后不良.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the incidence, clinical symptoms, correlative risk factors and prognosis of dysautonomia in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods A total of 142patients with severe traumatic brain injury treated from January 2008 to March 2010 were retrospectively surveyed to compare the clinical features of dysautonomia group and control group. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for dysautonomia. At 6 months post-trauma, the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) was used to measure the outcome. Results Of all the patients, 94 patients survived and were followed up. There were 16 patients ( 17% ) diagnosed as dysautonomia depended on clinical symptoms,with statistical difference in aspects of GCS, coma duration, ICU time and average length of stay (ALOS)(P < 0.05). The patients with dysautonomia tended to have poorer outcome ( P < 0.05 ) and showed a positive association with diffuse axonal injury (DAI) ( OR = 11. 25, CI 7.65-16.54 ). Conclusion Dysautonomia has high incidence and is usually severe in patients with severe traumatic brain injury,when DAI may contribute to its occurrence and result in poor prognosis.     

不同急救模式在严重多发伤救治中的应用

目的:探讨传统专科专治救治模式和一体化创伤急救模式对严重多发伤患者救治效果的影响。方法:回顾性分析我院采用创伤一体化救治的患者132例,并与传统专科专治救治的患者115例进行比较,观察两组患者入院病情确诊时间、ICU住院天数、总住院天数及预后。结果:与传统专科专治救治模式比较,采用创伤一体化救治模式能明显提高严重多发伤患者救治成功率,缩短ICU住院天数及总住院天数,多器官功能衰竭及病死率亦明显降低,差异具有统计学意义。结论:对严重多发伤患者实行一体化创伤救治模式能够提高患者生存率及生存质量,改善其预后。     

ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸对严重多发伤患者早期炎症反应及预后的影响

目的 研究ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(ω-3PUFA)对严重多发伤患者早期炎症反应及预后的影响.方法 2010-05～2010-11我院创伤外科收治的严重多发伤患者36例,所有患者损伤严重度评分(injury severity score,ISS)≥16分,随机分为对照组(n=18)和试验组(ω-3PUFA组,n=18),分别于营养支持1、3、5、7 d后,采用ELISA法量子点和免疫荧光标记技术分别测定两组患者外周血TNF-α、IL-2、IL-6、COX-2和单核细胞NF-кB的表达水平.记录SIRS发生率、MOF发生率、ICU停留时间、总住院时间和死亡率,进行组间比较.结果 在营养支持第5、7天后,两组患者之间的炎症反应水平和预后差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05),与对照组相比,试验组患者的机体炎症反应水平明显降低、免疫功能得到改善.试验组患者的预后要优于对照组.结论 ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸能降低严重多发伤患者外周血相关炎症因子的表达,能够有效调节机体炎症反应和免疫功能,从而抑制创伤患者过度的炎症反应,改善其预后.     

乳腺癌组织中血氧含量与缺氧诱导因子-1α、微血管密度的相关性

目的 探讨乳腺癌组织中血氧含量与缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）和微血管密度的相关性。方法 应用乳腺血氧功能成像技术在术前测定乳腺癌患者乳腺组织中血氧含量,采用免疫组织化学方法检测乳腺癌组织中微血管密度及HIF-α的表达,分析乳腺癌组织中血氧含量与缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-α）和微血管密度相关性。 结果 （1）151例乳腺癌患者中高血低氧的临床符合率是81.47%,其中导管内癌、浸润性小叶癌和浸润性导管癌的血氧含量结果差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;（2）高血和低血癌组织的血含量、氧含量、微血管密度差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）;（3）随着HIF-1α表达等级的升高,血含量和微血管密度显著升高（P<0.01）,但是血含量差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;（4）乳腺癌组织血含量与微血管密度、HIF-1α表达呈正相关（P<0.01）;而乳腺癌组织氧含量与微血管密度和HIF-1α表达均无相关性（P>0.05）。 结论 乳腺癌组织血含量与乳腺癌预后因子微血管密度、HIF-1α表达具有相关性,可以间接预测乳腺癌的预后。     

重型颅脑损伤患者自主神经功能障碍的临床分析

目的 探讨重型颅脑损伤患者自主神经功能紊乱综合征发生率、临床症状、发病危险因素及预后.方法回顾性分析2008年1月-2010年3月收治的142例重型颅脑损伤患者,比较自主神经功能障碍组和对照组(无自主神经功能障碍患者)的临床特征;采用Logistic回归分析自主神经功能障碍发病的危险因素;伤后6个月采用GOS评分分析其预后.结果142例患者中生存并成功随访94例,自主神经功能障碍患者16例(17%),且其在GCS评分、昏迷时间、ICU时间、平均住院时间等方面较对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);自主神经功能障碍患者预后较差(P<0.05),与弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)密切相关(OR=11.25,95%CI 7.65～16.54).结论 自主神经功能障碍在严重颅脑损伤患者中发生率较高,临床表现重,DAI增加其发作风险,此类患者多预后不良.     

Effect of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid on toll-like receptors in patients with severe multiple trauma

This study examined the effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(ω-3PUFA) on the expression of toll-like receptor 2(TLR2),toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and some related inflammatory factors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of patients with early-stage severe multiple trauma.Thirty-two patients who were admitted to the Department of Traumatic Surgery,Tongji Hospital(Wuhan,China) between May 2010 and November 2010,and diagnosed as having severe multiple trauma with a injury severity score(ISS) no less than 16,were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups at random(n=16 in each):ω-3PUFA group and control group in which routine parenteral nutrition supplemented with ω-3PUFA or not was administered to the patients in two groups for consecutive 7 days.Peripheral blood from these patients was collected within 2 h of admission(day 0),and 1,3,5 and 7 days after the nutritional support.PBMCs were isolated and used for detection of the mRNA and protein expression of TLR2 and TLR4 by using real-time PCR and flow cytometry respectively,the levels of NF-κB by quantum dots-based immunofluorescence assay,the levels of TNF-α,IL-2,IL-6 and COX-2 by ELISA,respectively.The results showed that the mRNA and protein expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in PBMCs was significantly lower in ω-3PUFA group than in control group 5 and 7 days after nutrition support(both P<0.05).The levels of TNF-α,IL-2,IL-6 and COX-2 were found to be substantially decreased in PBMCs in ω-3PUFA group as compared with control group at 5th and 7th day(P<0.05 for all).It was concluded that ω-3PUFA can remarkably decrease the expression of TLR2,TLR4 and some related inflammatory factors in NF-κB signaling pathway in PBMCs of patients with severe multiple trauma,which suggests that ω-3PUFA may suppress the excessive inflammatory response meditated by the TLRs/NF-κB signaling pathway.