一项关于妊娠期和产褥期急性心肌梗死的人群研究

目的:评价孕妇急性心肌梗死(M I)的人群发病率及妊娠结局。方法:收集1991年1月1日至2000年11月30日10年间加利福尼亚有婴儿出生或死亡证明病历卡医院的母体和新生儿出院记录(98%),并从中查找有关M I确诊、人口统计学特点及妊娠结局方面的资料。患者被分为4组:产前确诊组、产时确诊组、产后6周确诊组和无M I确诊组,所有组的结果均采用t检验或χ2法进行统计学分析(适当时,采用两种方法)。结果:共151例妇女被确诊患有M I,其中产前确诊占38%、产时确诊占21%和产后6周确诊占41%。分娩孕妇患M I的发病率为1/35000,且在接受调查的10年中,此发病…     

男人也避孕

不少结婚后的男人都有这样的体会：妻子在来月经之前几天，特别焦虑，总是担心这个月的避孕会不会出问题，如果月经迟到几天，那简直就是度日如年，生怕一不小心怀上宝宝。避孕，可谓是夫妻生活中最大的问题之一，然而，这样的重担目前绝大部分让柔弱的妻子一人承担。如果男人想更多地关爱妻子，让她能从避孕的烦恼中解脱出来，不妨了解一下男性的避孕方法有哪些。     

眼脉冲幅度增加提示动脉反流

目的:报道1例因双眼脉冲幅度(OPA)增加发现动脉反流的病例,而后者正是引起OPA增加的原因。设计:病例报道。方法:偶然发现双眼OPA增高,由此发现脉压增高和动脉反流。患者接受动脉瓣膜手术,待动脉脉压恢复正常后评价OPA。结果:动脉脉压高时的双眼OPA为9mmHg,动脉脉压恢复正常后的双眼OPA为3mmHg。结论:动脉脉压增高可以导致OPA增高。眼脉冲幅度增加提示动脉反流@McKee H.D.R.$Hull and East Yorkshire Eye Hospital, Fountain Street, Hull, Uni ted Kingdom @Saldaa M. @Ahad M.A. @张少娟…     

武汉集中整治美容投诉重灾区

武汉武昌亚贸广场写字楼内美容院云集，但部分美容院却成了投诉重灾区。仅2006年，武昌中南工商所就接到针对该写字楼内美容院的投诉70余件，涉及11家美容院。其中一家名为“雅阁会所”的美容院，1年内便被消费者投诉7次。[编者按]     

介绍一种防止扩大针掉入咽喉部的安全链

<正> 随着后牙根管治疗的日益增多,扩大针掉入咽喉部,以至落入气管和消化道的事例屡见不鲜。目前采用的预防方法为上橡皮障。但由于上橡皮障需配备良好的吸唾器,而一般的口腔科门诊尚缺乏高吸装备,并且业务繁忙,在实行上存在一定的困难,不易在基层推广。国外有采用安全链来防止扩大针掉入咽喉部的方法。该安全链虽使用方便,但制作工艺复杂。我科在临床工作中研制了改良安全链,在临床大量使用中,效果良好。此法加工简单,容易推广。改良安全链的制法为用一圆形的窗帘环,或钥匙圈,大小以套进手指为宜。再用一根直径为0.8～1.0mm的钢丝,弯成∽状,钢丝圈的大小可较松的插入最粗的扩大针(80~#)。用一根丝绒连接窗帘环和钢     

经尿道前列腺切除术的几点体会

自1980年10月～1989年8月共施行TURP624例。作者的体会是:TURP过程是处于动态变化之中;切除颈部前列腺时,应保留移入尿道的部份膀胱粘膜;应注意与梗阻相关的合并症处理;完成手术时应达到三项指标;B型超声波检查可做为TURP术前常规检查。     

Nuclear Factor κB and Anesthetic Preconditioning during Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion

Background: Volatile anesthetic preconditioning (APC) protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, but the precise mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain undefined. To investigate the molecular mechanism of APC in myocardial protection, the activation of nuclear factor (NF) [kappa]B and its regulated inflammatory mediators expression were examined in the current study.

Methods: Hearts from male rats were isolated, Langendorff perfused, and randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) the control group: hearts were continuously perfused for 130 min; (2) the IR group: 30 min of equilibration, 15 min of baseline, 25 min of ischemia, 60 min of reperfusion; and (3) the APC + IR group: 30 min of equilibration, 10 min of sevoflurane exposure and a 5-min washout, 25 min of global ischemia, 60 min of reperfusion. Tissue samples were acquired at the end of reperfusion. NF-[kappa]B activity was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The NF-[kappa]B inhibitor, I[kappa]B-[alpha], was determined by Western blot analysis. Myocardial inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor [alpha], interleukin 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, were also assessed by Western blot analysis.

Results: Nuclear factor [kappa]B-DNA binding activity was significantly increased at the end of reperfusion in rat myocardium, and cytosolic I[kappa]B-[alpha] was decreased. Supershift assay revealed the involvement of NF-[kappa]B p65 and p50 subunits. APC with sevoflurane attenuated NF-[kappa]B activation and reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor [alpha], interleukin 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. APC also reduced infarct size and creatine kinase release and improved myocardial left ventricular developed pressure during IR.     

Morphine Enhances Pharmacological Preconditioning by Isoflurane: Role of Mitochondrial KATP Channels and Opioid Receptors

Background: Adenosine triphosphate-regulated potassium channels mediate protection against myocardial infarction produced by volatile anesthetics and opioids. We tested the hypothesis that morphine enhances the protective effect of isoflurane by activating mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-regulated potassium channels and opioid receptors.

Methods: Barbiturate-anesthetized rats (n = 131) were instrumented for measurement of hemodynamics and subjected to a 30 min coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Myocardial infarct size was determined using triphenyltetrazolium staining. Rats were randomly assigned to receive 0.9% saline, isoflurane (0.5 and 1.0 minimum alveolar concentration [MAC]), morphine (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg), or morphine (0.3 mg/kg) plus isoflurane (1.0 MAC). Isoflurane was administered for 30 min and discontinued 15 min before coronary occlusion. In eight additional groups of experiments, rats received 5-hydroxydecanoic acid (5-HD; 10 mg/kg) or naloxone (6 mg/kg) in the presence or absence of isoflurane, morphine, and morphine plus isoflurane.

Results: Isoflurane (1.0 MAC) and morphine (0.3 mg/kg) reduced infarct size (41 +/- 3%; n = 13 and 38 +/- 2% of the area at risk; n = 10, respectively) as compared to control experiments (59 +/- 2%; n = 10). Morphine plus isoflurane further decreased infarct size to 26 +/- 3% (n = 11). 5-HD and naloxone alone did not affect infarct size, but abolished cardioprotection produced by isoflurane, morphine, and morphine plus isoflurane.     

短暂性脑缺血发作进展至脑梗死的研究

本文主要介绍TIA的概念、临床特点、临床类型、诊断要点和诊断思路；TIA进展至脑梗死的临床研究、主要危险因素和发病机制。     

中医濒危？——光影中的中医传奇

近些年来，中医无论是作为一门学术，还是作为一项医疗技术，都正在重重危机中艰难跋涉。 虽然中医有悠久的传统、顽强的生命力。但是，如果我们抱着盲目乐观的态度．看不见危机感，不能及时找到正确发展的方向，那么，终有一天，中医会沦落成为一种普通的民俗疗法，然后，渐渐地被人们所遗忘。[编者按]