外伤性急性弥漫性脑肿胀46例临床治疗

外伤性急性弥漫性脑肿胀（posttraumatic acute diffuse brain swelling,PADBS）是指外伤后数小时（一般4～14 h）脑组织广泛肿大或膨胀.临床处理棘手,预后不良,日益受到人们重视.为探讨其预后影响因素,我们对2001年1月至2004年12月收治的46例做了回顾性分析,报告如下.     

环戊硫酮治疗干眼的临床疗效评价

Objective To investigate anethol trithione therapic efficiency on dry eye. Methods It was a prospective random double-blind controlled study. Eighty cases diagnosed dry eye in Ocular Surface Out-patient Clinic of Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center from 2006 to 2008 were divided into two groups: anethol trithione group and control group, 40 cases in each group. Every group was then divided into two subgroups: weak dry eye subgroup, middle and severe dry eye subgroup. All groups had been added with 0.05% refresh drops. All patients had been detected and evaluated by subjective symptoms of dry eye, visual acuity,corneal fluorescent staining(F1), break-up time(BUT) and Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠT) at pre-therapy and 3,7,28 d of post-therapy. All groups had been compared and analyzed by F test and sample mean difference (SMD) or median difference (MD) comparison between pre-therapy and post-therapy. Results Except of tear and red eye, the other subjective symptoms of dry eye, F1, BUT and SⅠT of weak dry eye subgroup of both groups had been improved at 7 d after therapy. Only those of middle and severe dry eye subgroup of anethol trithione group had been improved at 7 d after therapy compared with those of pre-therapy: SMD=0.96 (visual tiredness), 1.26 (dry and unsmooth sensation), 0.82 (foreign body sensation), 1.28 (burning sensation), 1.05 (photophobia), 1.48 ( pain ) ; MD=0.30 (visual acuity), 4.00 (F1) ,5.00 (BUT), 5.00 (SⅠT) [F=15.30 (visual tiredness), 15.68 (dry and unsmooth sensation ), 13.56 (foreign body sensation), 20. 91 ( burning sensation ), 18.90 (photophobia), 27.22 ( pain ), 10.54 (visual acuity), 188.21 (F1) ,261.76 (BUT) ,269.05 (SⅠT) ;P<0. 05]. Those of middle and severe dry eye subgroup of control group hadn't significantly been improved at 28 d after therapy: SMD=0.10 (visual tiredness) ,0.16 (dry and unsmooth sensation) ,0.09 (foreign body sensation) ,0.38 ( burning sensation ), 0.24(photophobia) ,0.36 (pain) ,0.23 (red eye) ; MD=0.10 (visual acuity) ,0.50(F1) ,0.50(BUT), 0.50(SⅠT) [F=1.76 (visual tiredness), 1.61 (dry and unsmooth sensation), 1.02 (foreign body sensation),2.39 (burning sensation), 2.42 (photophobia), 2.73 ( pain ), 2.55 ( red eye ), 1.46 ( visual acuity) ,2.35 (F1) ,2.90 (BUT) ,2.76 (SⅠT) ; P>0.05]. SⅠT of anethol trithione group had been improved more significantly after therapy (F=13.77, P<0.05). Conclusion Anethol trithione could significantly improve middle and severe dry eye patients' symptoms and signs whose lacrimal gland function survival and it has clinical application value.     

急性脑梗死患者血清血管内皮生长因子和肿瘤坏死因子α的变化及其意义

目的:探讨急性脑梗死患者血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的动态变化及其意义。方法:对55例急性脑梗死患者和30名健康对照组通过采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫分析(ELISA)法对血清VEGF、TNF-α进行测定,观察测定急性脑梗死患者发病后1、7、14d的血清VEGF和TNF-α,并分析它们与临床特征之间的关系。结果:急性脑梗死患者1、7、14d的血清VEGF和TNF-α含量均高于健康对照组,并且与急性梗死面积、神经功能评分有关,与部位、族别无关。结论:急性脑梗死患者血清VEGF和TNF-α含量明显增高,提示VEGF和TNF-α参与了急性脑梗死的早期的修复病理变化过程。     

老年食管裂孔疝的X线诊断——附18例分析

目的 总结分析老年食管裂孔疝的X线诊断方法及其影像特征。方法 对18例老年食管裂孔疝患者分别进行上消化道钡餐透视和胸部平片检查，并就其X线诊断结果及影像特征作回顾性分析。结果 本组18例，钡餐透视检查阳性16例，阳性率88．9％，胸部平片检查15例，阳性3例，阳性率20．0％。其中，可复性裂孔疝6例，占33．3％，不可复性裂孔疝12例，占66．7％。结论 胸部平片检查简便易行，但阳性率低；钡餐透视检查阳性率高，其X线表现具有特征性，对老年食管裂孔疝的诊断具有重要意义。     

胎儿宫内窘迫的产科原因分析

胎儿宫内窘迫是产科临床最常见的危及胎儿健康和生命的危象,是导致新生儿窒息、围产儿死亡的主要原因。本文就其病因进行分析。 1 临床资料自2002年1日1日至2003年1月1日间,我科共接产无畸形新生儿2330例,其中发生胎儿宫内窘迫339例。诊断标准是:(1)胎心率的变化,胎心率>160次/min,尤其>180     

影响儿科教学质量的成因与对策

近年来，医院重医疗、轻教学，临床教师带教意识淡薄，加上社会因素的干扰，实习生提前介入考研、求职、择业，影响了临床教学质量。对此，广西桂林医学院针对存在的问题，进一步明确了办院思想，制定了临床教学质量评估标准，强化了临床教学管理，增强了带教意识，尤其是探讨了影响儿科教学质量的成因与对策，提高了临床教学质量。     

心血管病人一半患隐性糖尿病

南京市第一医院日前对门诊病人进行了大范围的抽样调查，发现有很多人身患糖尿病却毫不知情。高血压、中风等患者，竟然有一半都不知道自己已经不知不觉得了糖尿病。     

MR扩散加权成像鉴别脑结核瘤及高级星形细胞瘤和脑转移瘤的价值

目的探讨MR扩散加权成像（DWI）在脑结核瘤、高级星形细胞瘤和脑转移瘤鉴别诊断中的价值。方法14例脑结核瘤、15例脑高级星形细胞瘤和21例脑转移瘤患者，在术前或接受治疗前行常规MRI和DWI。测量并计算3种疾病瘤体、瘤周围水肿带的平均表观扩散系数（ADC）值和病灶与对侧相应部位正常脑白质区ADC值的比值（rADC值）。结果脑结核瘤瘤体平均ADC值和rADC值分别为（1．2±0．2）×10^-3mm^2·s^-1和1．6±0．3，高级星形细胞瘤瘤体平均ADC值和rADC值分别为（0．8±0．1）×10^-3mm^2·s^-1和1．1±0．1，转移瘤瘤体平均ADC值和rADC值分别为（0．8±0．1）×10^-3mm^2·s^-1和1．0±0．2。3种疾病瘤体平均ADC值（F=33．57，P〈0．01）之间和rADC值（F=33．27，P〈0．01）之间差异均有统计学意义。脑结核瘤瘤周水肿带平均ADC值和rADC值分别为（1．8±0．1）×10^-3mm^2·s^-1和2．5±0．2，脑高级星形细胞瘤瘤周水肿带平均ADC值和rADC值分别为（1．4±0．2）×10^-3mm^2·s^-1和1．8±0．3，脑转移瘤瘤周水肿带平均ADC值和rADC值分别为（1．9±0．2）×10^-3mm^2·s^-1和2．3±0．5。3种疾病瘤周围水肿带平均ADC值（F=23．17，P〈0．01）之间和rADC值（F=5．94，P〈0．01）之间差异均有统计学意义。结论结合MRI、DWI检测方法，根据病灶瘤体和瘤周水肿带的ADC和rADC值可帮助鉴别脑结核瘤、脑高级星形细胞瘤和脑转移瘤。