A型主动脉夹层术后脑部并发症危险因素分析

Ohjective Retrospectively analyze the risk factors of neurological complications of 160 patients with type A aortic dissection who underwent surgical repalr using cerebral peffusion under deep hypothemia circulatory arrest and to sum the experience of cerebral protection. Methods From January 2004 to January 2006,160 patients with type A dissection underwent surgical repair with cerebral perfusion and DHCA. There were 106 male petients ond 54 female with age from 17 to 76 years old [mean, (56±13) years old]. Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) through axillary artery was performad for 131 patients and retrograde cerebra l perfusion (RCP) from superior caval vein for 29 patients. Emergency surgery was perfomed in 83(51.8%) patients who were suf- fered from acute type A dissection, and the others were chronic elective surgery. All the factors underwent univariaare and multivariate analysis. Results Mean cardionpulmonary bypass (CPB) duration was (188± 57) minutes and mean cerebral perfusion time was (36±16) minuties. Sixteen patieats died in hospital and the in-hospital mortality was 10.0%. Deaths were due to multiple argan fail- ure in 9 patients, respiratory failure in 2, low cardiac output syndrome in 2, bloeding in 2, aeptic shock in 1. Postoperative respirato- ry dysfunction were observed in 22 (13.7%) parley. Postoperative renal failure happened in 20(12.5%) patients. Postoperative low cardiac output appeared in 8(5.0%) patients. Penmanent neurological deficits occurred in 8(5.0%) petients. The preopertive renal dysfunction (OR= 11.71, P=0.005), coronary artery disease (OR= 7.35, P =0.035), eet～ml vasenlar disease (OR= 13.39, P=0.021) and postoperative low cardinc ontput (OR=22.21, P=0.008) were found robe the relative risk factor. Tran- sient neurological deficts(TND) were noted in 32 patients. Over seventy years old (OR=1.17, P=0.042) was the independent risk predictors. Surgery procedures, CPB time, cross-clamp time, cerebral perfusion time, methods for cerebral perfusion, filtration used or not, the esophageal temperature and the bladder temperature and the hematocrit (HCT) during CA did not significantly influence the cerebral outcomes.Conclusion In our experience, cerebral perfusion duration within the limits of safe time and the methods of cerebral perfusion did not influence the neurological outcomes which depended on the severity of the underlying disease and on the function of end-organs. Protection of all the end-organs would be helpful to the cerebral protection.     

A型主动脉夹层术后脑部并发症危险因素分析

Ohjective Retrospectively analyze the risk factors of neurological complications of 160 patients with type A aortic dissection who underwent surgical repalr using cerebral peffusion under deep hypothemia circulatory arrest and to sum the experience of cerebral protection. Methods From January 2004 to January 2006,160 patients with type A dissection underwent surgical repair with cerebral perfusion and DHCA. There were 106 male petients ond 54 female with age from 17 to 76 years old [mean, (56±13) years old]. Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) through axillary artery was performad for 131 patients and retrograde cerebra l perfusion (RCP) from superior caval vein for 29 patients. Emergency surgery was perfomed in 83(51.8%) patients who were suf- fered from acute type A dissection, and the others were chronic elective surgery. All the factors underwent univariaare and multivariate analysis. Results Mean cardionpulmonary bypass (CPB) duration was (188± 57) minutes and mean cerebral perfusion time was (36±16) minuties. Sixteen patieats died in hospital and the in-hospital mortality was 10.0%. Deaths were due to multiple argan fail- ure in 9 patients, respiratory failure in 2, low cardiac output syndrome in 2, bloeding in 2, aeptic shock in 1. Postoperative respirato- ry dysfunction were observed in 22 (13.7%) parley. Postoperative renal failure happened in 20(12.5%) patients. Postoperative low cardiac output appeared in 8(5.0%) patients. Penmanent neurological deficits occurred in 8(5.0%) petients. The preopertive renal dysfunction (OR= 11.71, P=0.005), coronary artery disease (OR= 7.35, P =0.035), eet～ml vasenlar disease (OR= 13.39, P=0.021) and postoperative low cardinc ontput (OR=22.21, P=0.008) were found robe the relative risk factor. Tran- sient neurological deficts(TND) were noted in 32 patients. Over seventy years old (OR=1.17, P=0.042) was the independent risk predictors. Surgery procedures, CPB time, cross-clamp time, cerebral perfusion time, methods for cerebral perfusion, filtration used or not, the esophageal temperature and the bladder temperature and the hematocrit (HCT) during CA did not significantly influence the cerebral outcomes.Conclusion In our experience, cerebral perfusion duration within the limits of safe time and the methods of cerebral perfusion did not influence the neurological outcomes which depended on the severity of the underlying disease and on the function of end-organs. Protection of all the end-organs would be helpful to the cerebral protection.     

A型主动脉夹层术后脑部并发症危险因素分析

Ohjective Retrospectively analyze the risk factors of neurological complications of 160 patients with type A aortic dissection who underwent surgical repalr using cerebral peffusion under deep hypothemia circulatory arrest and to sum the experience of cerebral protection. Methods From January 2004 to January 2006,160 patients with type A dissection underwent surgical repair with cerebral perfusion and DHCA. There were 106 male petients ond 54 female with age from 17 to 76 years old [mean, (56±13) years old]. Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) through axillary artery was performad for 131 patients and retrograde cerebra l perfusion (RCP) from superior caval vein for 29 patients. Emergency surgery was perfomed in 83(51.8%) patients who were suf- fered from acute type A dissection, and the others were chronic elective surgery. All the factors underwent univariaare and multivariate analysis. Results Mean cardionpulmonary bypass (CPB) duration was (188± 57) minutes and mean cerebral perfusion time was (36±16) minuties. Sixteen patieats died in hospital and the in-hospital mortality was 10.0%. Deaths were due to multiple argan fail- ure in 9 patients, respiratory failure in 2, low cardiac output syndrome in 2, bloeding in 2, aeptic shock in 1. Postoperative respirato- ry dysfunction were observed in 22 (13.7%) parley. Postoperative renal failure happened in 20(12.5%) patients. Postoperative low cardiac output appeared in 8(5.0%) patients. Penmanent neurological deficits occurred in 8(5.0%) petients. The preopertive renal dysfunction (OR= 11.71, P=0.005), coronary artery disease (OR= 7.35, P =0.035), eet～ml vasenlar disease (OR= 13.39, P=0.021) and postoperative low cardinc ontput (OR=22.21, P=0.008) were found robe the relative risk factor. Tran- sient neurological deficts(TND) were noted in 32 patients. Over seventy years old (OR=1.17, P=0.042) was the independent risk predictors. Surgery procedures, CPB time, cross-clamp time, cerebral perfusion time, methods for cerebral perfusion, filtration used or not, the esophageal temperature and the bladder temperature and the hematocrit (HCT) during CA did not significantly influence the cerebral outcomes.Conclusion In our experience, cerebral perfusion duration within the limits of safe time and the methods of cerebral perfusion did not influence the neurological outcomes which depended on the severity of the underlying disease and on the function of end-organs. Protection of all the end-organs would be helpful to the cerebral protection.     

A型主动脉夹层术后脑部并发症危险因素分析

Ohjective Retrospectively analyze the risk factors of neurological complications of 160 patients with type A aortic dissection who underwent surgical repalr using cerebral peffusion under deep hypothemia circulatory arrest and to sum the experience of cerebral protection. Methods From January 2004 to January 2006,160 patients with type A dissection underwent surgical repair with cerebral perfusion and DHCA. There were 106 male petients ond 54 female with age from 17 to 76 years old [mean, (56±13) years old]. Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) through axillary artery was performad for 131 patients and retrograde cerebra l perfusion (RCP) from superior caval vein for 29 patients. Emergency surgery was perfomed in 83(51.8%) patients who were suf- fered from acute type A dissection, and the others were chronic elective surgery. All the factors underwent univariaare and multivariate analysis. Results Mean cardionpulmonary bypass (CPB) duration was (188± 57) minutes and mean cerebral perfusion time was (36±16) minuties. Sixteen patieats died in hospital and the in-hospital mortality was 10.0%. Deaths were due to multiple argan fail- ure in 9 patients, respiratory failure in 2, low cardiac output syndrome in 2, bloeding in 2, aeptic shock in 1. Postoperative respirato- ry dysfunction were observed in 22 (13.7%) parley. Postoperative renal failure happened in 20(12.5%) patients. Postoperative low cardiac output appeared in 8(5.0%) patients. Penmanent neurological deficits occurred in 8(5.0%) petients. The preopertive renal dysfunction (OR= 11.71, P=0.005), coronary artery disease (OR= 7.35, P =0.035), eet～ml vasenlar disease (OR= 13.39, P=0.021) and postoperative low cardinc ontput (OR=22.21, P=0.008) were found robe the relative risk factor. Tran- sient neurological deficts(TND) were noted in 32 patients. Over seventy years old (OR=1.17, P=0.042) was the independent risk predictors. Surgery procedures, CPB time, cross-clamp time, cerebral perfusion time, methods for cerebral perfusion, filtration used or not, the esophageal temperature and the bladder temperature and the hematocrit (HCT) during CA did not significantly influence the cerebral outcomes.Conclusion In our experience, cerebral perfusion duration within the limits of safe time and the methods of cerebral perfusion did not influence the neurological outcomes which depended on the severity of the underlying disease and on the function of end-organs. Protection of all the end-organs would be helpful to the cerebral protection.     

A型主动脉夹层术后脑部并发症危险因素分析

Ohjective Retrospectively analyze the risk factors of neurological complications of 160 patients with type A aortic dissection who underwent surgical repalr using cerebral peffusion under deep hypothemia circulatory arrest and to sum the experience of cerebral protection. Methods From January 2004 to January 2006,160 patients with type A dissection underwent surgical repair with cerebral perfusion and DHCA. There were 106 male petients ond 54 female with age from 17 to 76 years old [mean, (56±13) years old]. Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) through axillary artery was performad for 131 patients and retrograde cerebra l perfusion (RCP) from superior caval vein for 29 patients. Emergency surgery was perfomed in 83(51.8%) patients who were suf- fered from acute type A dissection, and the others were chronic elective surgery. All the factors underwent univariaare and multivariate analysis. Results Mean cardionpulmonary bypass (CPB) duration was (188± 57) minutes and mean cerebral perfusion time was (36±16) minuties. Sixteen patieats died in hospital and the in-hospital mortality was 10.0%. Deaths were due to multiple argan fail- ure in 9 patients, respiratory failure in 2, low cardiac output syndrome in 2, bloeding in 2, aeptic shock in 1. Postoperative respirato- ry dysfunction were observed in 22 (13.7%) parley. Postoperative renal failure happened in 20(12.5%) patients. Postoperative low cardiac output appeared in 8(5.0%) patients. Penmanent neurological deficits occurred in 8(5.0%) petients. The preopertive renal dysfunction (OR= 11.71, P=0.005), coronary artery disease (OR= 7.35, P =0.035), eet～ml vasenlar disease (OR= 13.39, P=0.021) and postoperative low cardinc ontput (OR=22.21, P=0.008) were found robe the relative risk factor. Tran- sient neurological deficts(TND) were noted in 32 patients. Over seventy years old (OR=1.17, P=0.042) was the independent risk predictors. Surgery procedures, CPB time, cross-clamp time, cerebral perfusion time, methods for cerebral perfusion, filtration used or not, the esophageal temperature and the bladder temperature and the hematocrit (HCT) during CA did not significantly influence the cerebral outcomes.Conclusion In our experience, cerebral perfusion duration within the limits of safe time and the methods of cerebral perfusion did not influence the neurological outcomes which depended on the severity of the underlying disease and on the function of end-organs. Protection of all the end-organs would be helpful to the cerebral protection.     

低温闭胸心肺转流对缺血再灌注损伤血浆和组织中 SOD、 MDA、 NO的影响

目的:了解狗心脏停搏15分钟后,用浅低温和深低温闭胸心肺转流(CPB)时,对血浆和组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和一氧化氮(NO)的影响。方法:10只实验狗,用10％氯化钾静注致心脏停搏15分钟后,行闭胸CPB复苏,浅低温组(33℃～34℃)(N=5),深低温组(26℃～27℃)(N=5),15分钟后复温。于停搏前、停搏15分钟、CPB开始后1小时、3小时抽血,并于3小时取心、肺、脑组织,行血浆和组织SOD、MDA和NO测定。结果:在停搏15分钟时,两组血浆SOD活性均明显高于停搏前;CPB后1小时,二组均明显低于停搏前(P<0.05),但至3小时,二组均上升接近停搏前水平(P>0.05)。两组血浆MDA和NO含量于停搏15分钟和CPB后1小时、3小时均明显低于停搏前(P<0.05)。浅低温组脑组织和肺组织中SOD明显低于深低温组(P<0.05),MDA明显高于深低温组(P<0.05);而心肌组织中NO含量明显低于深低温组(P<0.05),MDA也明显低于深低温组(P<0.05)。结论:狗心脏停搏15分钟后,用低温闭胸CPB复苏,血浆SOD代偿性升高,MDA和NO下降,即低温复苏有助于减轻氧自由基和NO造成的再灌注损伤。组织中的指标测定,表明深低温闭胸CPB复苏对脑和肺的再灌注损伤较轻,浅低温闭胸CPB复苏则对心肌的再灌注损伤较轻。     

左房-主动脉转流辅助循环在心脏手术中的应用

为评估左房主动脉转流作为左心辅助循环在心内直视术后顽固性左心衰竭的应用效果，为２７例术后出现顽固性左心衰竭的病人，经左心房辅助泵主动脉建立左心辅助循环，结果２３例脱离人工心肺机，２０例痊愈出院。死亡原因主要为顽固性心衰、心律失常、出血、多器官功能衰竭等。结果：左心辅助疗效肯定，具有良好的临床使用价值     

冠状静脉窦逆行灌注和冠状动脉桥灌注在心脏外科手术的应用

目的 总结和分析心脏外科手术中应用冠状动脉顺行灌注联合冠状静脉窦逆行灌注和冠状动脉桥灌注技术进行心肌保护.方法 30例患者分为2组:A组(顺灌联合逆灌技术)20例和B组(顺逆灌结合桥灌技术)10例,疾病种类有:冠心病合并瓣膜病、冠心病合并室壁瘤、升主动脉病变合并主动脉瓣病变和单纯瓣膜病变.结果 术中转流平稳,血流动力学稳定,监测指标均在正常范围,无手术死亡和围手术期并发症.结论 采用冠状动脉顺行灌注联合冠状静脉窦逆行灌注或结合冠状动脉桥灌注心肌停搏液进行心肌保护,取得良好效果.     

同期施行冠状动脉搭桥和心脏瓣膜手术的体外循环

目的 总结和分析同期施行冠状动脉搭桥和心脏瓣膜手术的体外循环方法.方法 125例患者分为3组:M组(冠脉病变及二尖瓣病变)75例,A组(冠脉病变及主动脉瓣病变)34例,D组(冠脉病变及二尖瓣和主动脉瓣病变)16例.心肌保护采用4:1冷含血停搏液,应用单纯顺灌、顺灌逆灌结合、顺灌桥灌结合、顺逆灌和桥灌结合技术.结果 术中转流平稳,血流动力学稳定,监测指标均在正常范围,无手术死亡.结论 同期施行冠状动脉搭桥和心脏瓣膜手术,术中良好的心肌保护方法和合理的体外循环灌注是保证手术顺利成功的重要因素.     

A型主动脉夹层术后脑部并发症危险因素分析

目的 对160例在深低温停循环(DHCA)结合脑灌下行A型主动脉夹层手术术后脑部并发症危险因素进行相关分析.方法 160例病人中男106例,女54例;年龄17～76岁,平均(56±13)岁.131例采用腋动脉插管选择性脑灌注(SCP),29例采用上腔静脉逆行性脑灌注(RCP).对所有术前、术中相关因素行单因素及多因素分析.结果 平均体外循环(CPB)(188±57)min,脑灌注(36±16)min.住院死亡16例.8例发生永久性神经功能障碍(PND),多因素分析示,与PND相关的危险因素有术前肾功能不全(OR=11.71,P=0.005)、伴有冠心病(CAD)(OR=7.35,P=0.035)、伴有脑血管病(CVD)OR=13.39,P=0.021)、术后低心排出量综合征(OR=22.21,P=0.008);32例发生暂时性神经功能障碍(TND),年龄>70岁(OR=1.17,P=0.042)是TND的相关危险因素.结论 安全时限内的脑灌注时间、脑灌注方式不影响神经系统并发症,神经系统并发症主要取决于病变本身的严重性和全身各器官功能状态.做好全身各器官的综合保护是脑保护的重要保障.