微创治疗方法在输尿管上段结石中应用进展

输尿管上段结石为临床中常见泌尿系结石类型之一,如不能及时诊治,可引起重度积水、泌尿系感染,甚至脓毒血症,对患者肾功能、健康造成严重影响。随着微创治疗技术在泌尿系结石中应用,微创治疗方法能降低对患者造成治疗性创伤,降低相关并发症发生率,促进患者康复,了解临床中微创治疗输尿管上段结石方法,对临床中合理治疗输尿管上段结石有重要价值。     

Longitudinal evaluation of a hearing protector fit training program

Objective:The present study evaluates a training program for fitting different hearing protection devices (HPDs) based on personal attenuation rating (PAR) before, immediately after, and six months after training.Methods:A total of 67 workers from a public university in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, were invited to participate in the measurement of PARs for foam and silicone protectors through the 3M™ E-A-Rfit Validation System. Two evaluations were performed for each protector at each sampling date: one after reading printed material (the package instructions) and another after being trained by an audiologist. The same procedures were repeated after six months. The final sample consisted of 30 individuals. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.Results:Larger PAR values were observed after training by the audiologist, and smaller values were observed after six months. Then, after re-training, the values increased again. There were no statistically significant differences in PAR among the HPDs tested. Even after the two training sessions, 23 to 27% of the subjects did not obtain adequate PAR values.Conclusion:These findings emphasize the need for continual worker training in the correct fit of earplug HPDs and the importance of longitudinal PAR monitoring. In addition, some workers, despite the training provided, did not adapt to the HPDs used. Therefore, it is essential that other protection methods and/or other HPD types are made available to these individuals.Key words: Hearing, noise-induced hearing loss, occupational health, personal protective equipment, hearing protection devices     

阿戈美拉汀联合乙哌立松治疗青年慢性紧张性头痛的疗效分析

目的 探讨阿戈美拉汀联合乙哌立松治疗青年慢性紧张性头痛(Chronictention-typeheadache,CTTH)的疗效及安全性.方法 80例青年慢性紧张性头痛患者依据是否倒班随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组口服乙哌立松治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上联合阿戈美拉汀治疗,评估2组患者治疗前匹兹堡睡眠量表评分(PSQI)评估治疗6周后两组的头痛疗效以及不良反应.结果 倒班人员的入组前PSQI的总评分、睡眠质量、入睡时间、催眠药物及睡眠障碍因子分高于非倒班人员;治疗组的疗效优于对照组,有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组内,倒班患者疗效优于非倒班患者(P＜0.05).两组不良反应无明显差异.结论 阿戈美拉汀联合乙哌立松治疗慢性紧张性头痛的的疗效确切,安全性高.