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排序方式: 共有501条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Benign intracranial hypertension and recombinant growth hormone therapy in Australia and New Zealand
PA Crock JD McKenzie AM Nicoll NJ Howard W Cutfield LK Shield G Byrne 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1998,87(4):381-386
Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is reported in three children from Australia and one from New Zealand, who were being treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). Three males and one female, aged between 10.5 and 14.2 y, developed intracranial hypertension within 2 weeks to 3 months of starting treatment. A national database, OZGROW, has been prospectively collecting data on all 3332 children treated with rhGH in Australia and New Zealand from January 1986 to 1996. The incidence of BIH in children treated with growth hormone (GH) is small, 1.2 per 1000 cases overall, but appears to be greater with biochemical GHD (<10IUml -1 ), i.e. 6.5/1000 (3 in 465 cases), relative risk 18.4, 95% confidence interval 1.9-176.1, than in all other children on the database. The incidence in patients with Turner's syndrome was 2.3/1000 (1 in 428 cases). No cases in patients with partial GHD (10–20 IUml -1 ) or chronic renal failure were identified. Possible causative mechanisms are discussed. The authors'practice is now to start GH replacement at less than the usual recommended dose of 14IUm-2 week-1 in those children considered to be at high risk of developing BIH. Ophthalmological evaluation is recommended for children before and during the first few months following commencement of rhGH therapy and is mandatory in the event of peripheral or facial oedema, persistent headaches, vomiting or visual symptoms. The absence of papilledema does not exclude the diagnosis. 相似文献
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KM Kanal NJ Hangiandreou AM Sykes HE Eklund PA Araoz JA Leon BJ Erickson 《Journal of digital imaging》2002,14(1):30-37
The aims of this work were to measure the accuracy of one continuous speech recognition product and dependence on the speaker's
gender and status as a native or nonnative English speaker, and evaluate the product's potential for routine use in transcribing
radiology reports. IBM MedSpeak/Radiology software, version 1.1 was evaluated by 6 speakers. Two were nonnative English speakers,
and 3 were men. Each speaker dictated a set of 12 reports. The reports included neurologic and body imaging examinations performed
with 6 different modalities. The dictated and original report texts were compared, and error rates for overall, significant,
and subtle significant errors were computed. Error rate dependence on modality, native English speaker status, and gender
were evaluated by performing ttests. The overall error rate was 10.3 +/- 3.3%. No difference in accuracy between men and women
was found; however, significant differences were seen for overall and significant errors when comparing native and nonnative
English speakers (P = .009 and P = .008, respectively). The speech recognition software is approximately 90% accurate, and
while practical implementation issues (rather than accuracy) currently limit routine use of this product throughout a radiology
practice, application in niche areas such as the emergency room currently is being pursued. This methodology provides a convenient
way to compare the initial accuracy of different speech recognition products, and changes in accuracy over time, in a detailed
and sensitive manner. 相似文献
4.
The ventricular sulcal pattern and the cytoarchitectonic organization of the brain stem of the frogs Rana esculenta and Rana catesbeiana have been studied in transversely cut, Nissl stained serial sections. Four longitudinal sulci, the sulcus medianus inferior, the sulcus intermedius ventralis, the sulcus limitans and the sulcus medianus superior could be distinguished in both species. A fifth longitudinal groove, the sulcus intermedius dorsalis, was found only in Rana esculenta. With the aid of the usual cytoarchitectonic criteria 25 cell masses have been delineated in Rana esculenta and 27 in Rana catesbeiana. These cell masses can be distributed over the following categories (numbers added in brackets for Rana catesbeiana, if different from those in Rana esculenta): primary efferent or motor, 8; primary afferent or sensory, 4(6); "relay" centers, 7. Contrary to statements in the literature the reticular formation can be divided into six separate cell groups. The majority of the nuclei form part of the central gray, which constitutes a rather wide zone in anurans; three reticular nuclei lie partly within the stratum griseum and partly within the stratum album; six nuclei are entirely embedded in the stratum album. The morphological pattern of the cell masses and their relationship to the ventricular sulci were studied with the aid of a graphical reconstruction procedure termed topological analysis (cf. Nieuwenhuys, '74 and figs. 15, 16). This analysis yielded the following results: The sulcus limitans extends throughout the rhombencephalon, dividing this brain part into a basal plate and an alar plate. The cell masses in the basal plate fit into two longitudinal zones, a medial area ventralis and a lateral area intermedioventralis. The area ventralis contains three somatic motor nuclei (IV, VI and XII) and the rhombencephalic medial reticular zone. The latter may be primarily considered as a somatic motor coordinating center. The area intermedioventralis contains the visceral motor nuclei of V, VII, IX and X. However, the basal plate also contains a number of non-motor centers, for example the superior olive. The alar plate contains visceral sensory, general somatic sensory and special somatic sensory centers. Two cell masses, the nucleusfasciculi solitarii and the nucleus visceralis secundarius, represent together a discontinuous visceral sensory zone. Both of these nuclei are situated immediately dorsal to the sulcus limitans. The special somatic sensory area, i.e., the area of termination of the eighth nerve, occupies a considerable part of the alar plate. This area comprises, apart from a large zone of diffuse gray, three distinct cell masses... 相似文献
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This study was designed to compare the growth of Pakistani schoolchildren in the UK with the 1990 UK growth standards. Measurements of height, weight, and sitting height were performed on 785 Pakistani schoolchildren aged 5-14 years with the mean values for each age and sex being plotted on the UK growth standards. The results were expressed as SD scores relative to the 1990 reference data. The mean height for the boys was only 0.2 SD scores below the mean for the new growth standards with the mean height for the girls being 0.4 SD scores below the mean. The mean values for weight and body mass index were 0.3 and 0.5 SD scores less than the mean for boys and girls respectively. This study demonstrates that the growth of Pakistani schoolchildren in the UK is comparable to the 1990 UK growth standards with only minor differences. It is not safe to assume that short stature or low body weight in a Pakistani child is due to his or her ethnic background. 相似文献
7.
Comprehensive mutational scanning of the p53 coding region by two- dimensional gene scanning 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A comprehensive mutational scanning test for the p53 coding region based on
multiplex PCR and two-dimensional DNA electrophoresis was designed and
evaluated. In a 2-step multiplex PCR, the p53 coding region (exons 2-11)
was amplified as a single 8646-bp fragment by long- distance PCR in step
one. This fragment served as a template for the subsequent co-amplification
of the individual exons in two multiplex groups in step two. The multiplex
products were then separated, first on the basis of size in non-denaturant
polyacrylamide gels and then on the basis of sequence by denaturing
gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Primers for optimal PCR, melting
behavior and 2-D gel distribution were designed using a recently developed
computer program. The resulting two-dimensional gene scanning (TDGS) test
was evaluated by screening, in a blinded fashion, 29 coded DNA samples from
Li- Fraumeni syndrome patients with previously identified germline
mutations. All mutations were correctly detected. This assay provides an
accurate, cost-effective and non-radioactive method for simultaneous
mutational scanning of all p53 coding exons.
相似文献
8.
Association of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor with the crystalloid granules of human eosinophils 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Levi-Schaffer F; Lacy P; Severs NJ; Newman TM; North J; Gomperts B; Kay AB; Moqbel R 《Blood》1995,85(9):2579-2586
We have previously shown that normal-density human peripheral blood eosinophils transcribe and translate mRNA for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and that the intracellular distribution was granular as assessed by light microscopy immunocytochemistry. The present study was conducted to confirm this apparent association between GM-CSF and the crystalloid granule using a subcellular fractionation method for human eosinophils and immunogold electron microscopy (EM). Highly purified (> 99%, by negative selection using anti-CD16 immunomagnetic microbeads) human peripheral blood eosinophils were obtained from four asthmatic subjects (not taking systemic medication), homogenized and density fractionated (5 x 10(7) cells/subject) on linear Nycodenz gradients. Twenty-four fractions were collected from each cell preparation and analyzed for marker enzyme activities as well as total protein. Dot blot analysis with specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) was used to detect the eosinophil granule proteins major basic protein (MBP) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). An anti-CD9 MoAb was used as an eosinophil plasma membrane marker. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was used as a cytosolic marker. Immunoreactivity for GM-CSF was detected by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a polyclonal antihuman GM-CSF antibody and confirmed by dot blot. GM-CSF coeluted with the cellular fractions containing granule markers (MBP, ECP, eosinophil peroxidase, hexosaminidase, and arylsulphatase), but not those containing cytoplasm (LDH+) or membrane (CD9+) markers. EM examination of pooled fractions associated with the peak of GM-CSF immunoreactivity confirmed that they contained crystalloid and small granules, but not plasma membrane. In addition, quantification, using immunogold labeling with an anti/GM-CSF MoAb, indicated preferential localization of gold particles over the eosinophil granule cores of intact cells. Thus, our results indicate that GM-CSF resides as a granule-associated, stored mediator in unstimulated human eosinophils. 相似文献
9.
Using a newly devised 50-channel photometer which records the opacity of growing bacterial cultures, it was shown that the time taken by cultures diluted 1/1000 in fresh broth to reach 50% of the opacity of a fully grown culture was inversely related to the concentration of organisms in the original culture. This relation was used to determine the numbers of survivors after exposure to benzylpenicillin and gentamicin alone and in combination. The procedure is commended as a labour-saving and potentially rapid method of obtaining comprehensive information on the bactericidal action and interaction of antibiotics. 相似文献
10.