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Isaac Samuel M.D. Mark A. Yorek Ph.D. Asgar Zaheer Ph.D. Rory A. Fisher Ph.D. 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2006,10(7):950-959
Using a unique surgical model (the donor rat model), we showed previously that duodenal replacement of bile-pancreatic juice,
obtained fresh from a donor rat, ameliorates ligation-induced acute pancreatitis. We hypothesize that bile-pancreatic juice
exclusion from gut exacerbates Akt/nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) pathway activation and induces chemokine production in ligation-induced acute pancreatitis. We compared rats with bile-pancreatic
duct ligation to those with duodenal bile-pancreatic juice replacement fresh from a donor rat beginning immediately before
duct ligation. Sham control rats had ducts dissected but not ligated. Rats were killed 1 or 3 hours after operation (n=7/group).
Akt activation (immunoblotting, immune-complex kinase assay, and ELISA), inhibitory protein I-kB (I-kB) activation (immunoblotting), and production of chemokines MCP-1 and RANTES (ELISA) were measured in pancreatic homogenates.
NF-kB was quantitated in nuclear fractions using electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Duct ligation produced significant increases
in pancreatic Akt, IkB, and NF-kB activation and production of MCP-1 and RANTES. Activation of the Akt/NF-kB pathway and increased MCP-1 and RANTES production in response to duct ligation were significantly reduced by bile-pancreatic
juice replacement (ANOVA, P<0.05). Bile-pancreatic juice exclusion stimulates Akt/NF-kB pathway activation and increases chemokine production in ligation-induced acute pancreatitis.
Presented at the annual meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Chicago, Illinois, May 16, 2005 (poster). 相似文献
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Andrea Berger Michelle Sadeh Gabriel Tzur I Avinoam Shuper Liora Kornreich Dov Inbar Ian J Cohen Shalom Michowiz Isaac Yaniv Shlomi Constantini Eli Vakil 《Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society》2005,11(4):482-487
Cerebellar involvement in motor and non-motor sequence learning was examined with serial reaction time tasks (SRT). Our sample consisted of 8 children and adolescents who had undergone surgical removal of a benign posterior fossa tumor (PFT) during childhood. None of them had undergone chemotherapy or cranial radiation therapy (CRT). Ages ranged from 1-11 years at surgery and 9-17 years at testing. The children were tested not earlier than 2.5 years after surgery (M = 5.9 years), enabling brain plasticity and recovery of functions. Their performance was compared with a matched control sample. The PFT group was not impaired in the implicit learning of sequences, as reflected in their performance in blocks with a repeated sequence, both before and after a random block. However, in the perceptual task, their performance deteriorated more than that of the control group when a random block was introduced, suggesting that it was more difficult for the patients to respond flexibly or change their response set when encountering changing task demands. These results are in line with another study by our group on task switching with the same patients. 相似文献
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Yasuhiro Sano Shigeharu Yamashiro Asuka Komano Hisashi Maruko Hiroshi Sekiguchi Yasuo Takayama Ryoji Sekioka Kouichiro Tsuge Isaac Ohsawa Mieko Kanamori-Kataoka Yasuo Seto Akiyoshi Satoh 《Forensic Toxicology》2007,25(2):76-79
We previously reported that the Guardian Bio-Threat Alert (BTA) system could detect (detection limit: about 0.1 μg/ml) staphylococcal
enterotoxin B (SEB), botulinum toxins (BTX) A and B, and ricin, with no interference by white-powdered materials or colored
matrices. In this study, the capability of the BTA system was further assessed. With 10 min of preheating at 60°C, all toxins
could be detected, but with preheating at 80°C, BTX A and B and ricin became undetectable. About 20% SEB could be detected
after heating at 80°C, but this detection ability was completely removed after heating at 100°C. The effects of chemicals
usually used for decontamination, such as sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, formaldehyde, and sodium nitrite, on the
detectability of SEB, BTX A, or ricin in the BTA system were also tested. The concentrations giving 50% line intensity for
SEB, BTX A, and ricin were 3.1, 11, and 15 μM for sodium hypochlorite and 88, 210, and 60 mM for formaldehyde, respectively.
The addition of hydrogen peroxide or sodium nitrite did not decrease the detectability even when used at high concentrations. 相似文献
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Previous data indicate that learning of a conditioned visual avoidance task following simultaneous complete bilateral occipital ablations is affected by the age of the organism as well as the postoperative recovery period. The present study investigated the performance of the avoidance task, following complete occipital ablations, in young and older rats given two different recovery intervals. Young rats given 10 days to recover performed more poorly than the young control animals; given 20 days to recover, young rats performed comparable to controls. Older rats given 10 days to recover performed significantly better than the controls; given 20 days to recover, older rats did not show a decrease in performance. The present finding is consistent with previous data which show that the occipital cortex exerted an inhibitory effect on the learning ability of the avoidance task in older rats, which, upon removal, enhanced the performance of these rats on the task. 相似文献
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Long-term potentiation at single fiber inputs to hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
J T Isaac G O Hjelmstad R A Nicoll R C Malenka 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1996,93(16):8710-8715
Despite extensive investigation, it remains unclear whether presynaptic and/or postsynaptic modifications are primarily responsible for the expression of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Here we address this issue by using techniques that maximize the likelihood of stimulating a single axon and thereby presumably a single synapse before and after the induction of LTP. Several basic properties of synaptic transmission were examined including the probability of neurotransmitter release (Pr), the quantal size (q), and the so-called potency, which is defined as the average size of the synaptic response when release of transmitter does occur. LTP was routinely associated with an increase in potency, whereas increases in Pr alone were not observed. LTP was also reliably induced when baseline Pr was high, indicating that synapses with high Pr can express LTP. These results suggest that the mechanism for the expression of LTP involves an increase in q and is difficult to explain by an increase in Pr alone. 相似文献
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Dr. Ingrida S. Sketris Pharm.D. M.P.A. Ms. Linda Onorato B.Sc. Pharm. Dr. Randall W. Yatscoff Ph.D. Dr. Morris Givner Ph.D. Dr. David Nicol M.D. Dr. Isaac Abraham Ph.D. 《Pharmacotherapy》1993,13(6):658-660
A 25–year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of rising trough cyclosporine concentrations thought to be due to self-administration of 4 times the normal dosage of the drug for 8 days. Her symptoms included colicky central abdominal pains and urinary retention; her serum creatinine concentrations were elevated. Whole blood cyclosporine and metabolite concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and monoclonal radioimmunoassays. The highest reported trough cyclosporine concentration was 5877 ng/ml, and AM1 (M17) concentration was 3425 ng/ml. A cyclosporine half-life of 91 hours was calculated. Nine days after the agent was discontinued the patient's serum creatinine concentration had returned to normal and her symptoms resolved. Due to the availability of three sizes of cyclosporine capsules, and the need for frequent dosage changes, continued vigilance is necessary to ensure that patients understand their drug regimen. 相似文献
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