异落新妇甙的结构研究

从百合科菝葵属植物土茯苓(Smilaxg labra Roxb.)根茎的乙醇提取物中分得一个新的天然化合物(I),命名为异落新妇甙(isoastilbin)。根据元素分析,UV,IR,¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR,2DNMR及FAB-MS,确定化合物I的结构为5,7,3',5'-四羟基二氢黄酮醇-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖甙。     

Evaluating the responsiveness of the endometriosis health profile questionnaire: The EHP-30

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the sensitivity to change of the Endometriosis Health Profile-30 (EHP-30) questionnaire. SETTING: The Women's Center, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford. DESIGN: Postal survey to 66 women undergoing conservative surgery for the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain. The EHP-30 and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) were administered 2 weeks before the operation, and 4 months post-operatively. At T2 a transition question was included to evaluate changes in patients health status. To evaluate responsiveness effect sizes, standardised response means, the index of responsiveness and the minimally and clinically important differences were calculated. RESULTS: Forty (66.6%) patients returned the questionnaires at time 1 and 2. Overall less responsive effect size scores were found for the SF-36 (0.1-0.5) compared to the EHP-30 (-0.1-1.1) for all patients who had undergone treatment. Minimally important differences and the index of responsiveness were overall higher for the EHP-30 (0.4-2.0) compared to the SF-36 (0.1-1.0). Change scores for four of the five scales were significantly correlated with women's responses to the transition question. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that the EHP-30 is sensitive to change. Its application in clinical trials should prove beneficial in assessing the impact of medical and surgical interventions upon quality of life for women with endometriosis.     

Quality of life in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair.

Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common surgical procedures undertaken in the NHS. Despite this, no previous work has examined quality of life in this patient group. This study examines quality of life preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively in 140 patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair in the context of a randomised controlled trial of laparoscopic versus open hernia repair. Surgery was undertaken on a day case basis, and quality of life was assessed using the Short Form 36 (SF36). In the initial phase of the study, 57% of those screened for suitability met the study inclusion criteria and were randomised. No significant differences were found between laparoscopic and open hernia repair in terms of quality of life at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. No difference was found between 3 and 6 month scores, suggesting that patients had already made a good recovery by 3 months. A significant improvement was found between preoperative and postoperative scores, with the greatest change arising on dimensions assessing pain, physical function, and role limitation owing to physical restriction. After standardising for age, sex, and social class, a comparison of the hernia patients to population norms for the SF36 was consistent with improvement from preoperative to postoperative assessment. This study has demonstrated the improvement in quality of life in patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair by experienced surgeons on a day case basis. It has also demonstrated the feasibility of assessing quality of life using generic measures in this patient group. Further work in this area is required. Ultimately, the priority given to elective inguinal hernia repair will depend on how the demonstrated benefits compare with those derived from other elective surgical procedures.     

一些保肝药物对原代培养大鼠肝细胞糖原合成功能的影响

本文参照PO Seglen的方法并加以修改,建立了原代培养大鼠肝细胞糖原合成功能的测定体系。观察到联苯双酯既能使正常肝细胞合成糖原增加88%,又能保护肝细胞完全拮抗四氯化碳对其功能的损伤;银耳多糖能使四氯化碳对肝细胞糖原合成功能的损伤减轻57%;去甲斑蝥素10μg/ml能增加肝细胞糖原合成,浓度增加到100μg/ml时,此作用减弱,1000μg/ml则明显抑制糖原的合成,而且在10～100μg/ml浓度时,即能加强四氯化碳的损伤作用;100μg/ml CL₁₅₀₀和熊果酸二钠单独应用可增加肝细胞糖原合成,但与四氯化碳同时应用,反而加重对糖原合成的抑制作用。     

The effect of noradrenaline on the end-plate potential in twitch fibres of the frog

1. The action of noradrenaline in increasing the amplitude of the end-plate potential (e.p.p.) has been studied in magnesium-blocked frog skeletal muscle.2. Noradrenaline (10(-5)M) increased the e.p.p. by about 20% without causing any comparable change in the amplitude of the miniature end-plate potentials (m.e.p.p.s). It was concluded that noradrenaline acts by potentiating the release of acetylcholine by the nerve impulse, rather than by increasing the sensitivity of the end-plate.3. In support of this, it was found that the increase in e.p.p. amplitude was associated with a reduction in the variability of successive e.p.p.s, as is to be expected if the quantal content of the e.p.p. became larger. Further, noradrenaline was without effect on the response to iontophoretically-applied acetylcholine, although it potentiated depolarizations elicited by acetylcholine applied for much longer periods in the bathing fluid.4. Noradrenaline increased the frequency of occurrence of m.e.p.p.s, and unusually large m.e.p.p.s. were occasionally observed.     

Structure-function studies of the C3a-receptor: C-terminal serine and threonine residues which influence receptor internalization and signaling

The anaphylatoxic peptide C3a is a pro-inflammatory mediator generated during complement activation, whose specific G protein coupled receptor is expressed on granulocytes, monocytes, mast cells, activated lymphocytes, and in the nervous tissue. We have generated RBL-2H3 cell clones stably expressing mutants of the human C3a-receptor (C3aR) with combined alanine (Ala) substitutions of ten C-terminal serine (Ser) or threonine (Thr) residues, which may represent putative phosphorylation sites to characterize their role in ligand-induced C3aR internalization and signaling. Ser475/479 and Thr480/481 as well as Ser449 seemed not to be involved in ligand-induced receptor internalization. Either directly or by a conformational change they even "inhibit" C3aR internalization. In contrast, mutants with Ala substitutions at Ser465/470 and Thr463/466 were poorly internalized, and Thr463 seemed to be the most important C-terminal Thr or Ser residue directly effecting receptor internalization. However, it is likely that other C3aR regions additionally participate in this negative feed-back mechanism since even mutants with multiple Ala substitutions still internalized to a limited degree. Interestingly, in a mutant with a single exchange of Ser449 to Ala, the signal transduction assessed by a Ca(2+) assay and [(35)S]GTP gamma S-binding on HEK cells transiently co-transfected with G-alpha 16 or G-alpha O, respectively, was severely impaired, indicating that this residue of C3aR is involved in G protein coupling.