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1.
Reframing climate change as a public health issue: an exploratory study of public reactions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Edward W Maibach Matthew Nisbet Paula Baldwin Karen Akerlof Guoqing Diao 《BMC public health》2010,10(1):299
Background
Climate change is taking a toll on human health, and some leaders in the public health community have urged their colleagues to give voice to its health implications. Previous research has shown that Americans are only dimly aware of the health implications of climate change, yet the literature on issue framing suggests that providing a novel frame - such as human health - may be potentially useful in enhancing public engagement. We conducted an exploratory study in the United States of people's reactions to a public health-framed short essay on climate change. 相似文献2.
Itiswellknownthatcertaincytokinesplayapivotalroleinthedevelopmentoftraumaandshock.Tumornecrosisfactor(TNF)isapolypep-tiedcytokinesynthesizedinmonocytesandmacrophagesinresponsetolipopolysaccharide(LPS)stimulation-TherelationshipbetweenTNFandendotoxic-septicshockbecomesafocusoftheresearchofshockmediators[1'2].Alargeamountofexperimentalandclinicaldata[3-9JsuggestthatTNFplaysanimportantroleinthepathogenesisofendotoxic-septicshockbuttheprecisemechanismandtherelationshipofTNFtoshockseverityrem… 相似文献
3.
Yanke Yu Wen Zhu Huiling Diao Chunxian Zhou Fanqing F Chen Jun Yang 《Toxicology in vitro》2006,20(6):959-965
Comet assay is a useful technique in the detection of DNA damages, particularly DNA strand breaks; and it has been utilized to show that a potent carcinogen N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), can induce such damages. Recently, gammaH2AX foci formation has been suggested as another sensitive way to detect DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). However, there is no systematic comparison being conducted to evaluate the consistency of these two methods. Using MNNG as a model chemical, the sensitivity of neutral comet assay and gammaH2AX foci formation in detecting MNNG-induced damage was studied. It was found that at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 microg/ml, both methods can detect MNNG-induced damage in human amnion FL cells. However, at 0.1 microg/ml, comet assay revealed more percentage of cells with DNA damage than gammaH2AX fluorescence revealed. On the other hand, while gammaH2AX foci were readily formed at very early times by 10 microg/ml MNNG treatment, neutral comet assay did not detect any significant DNA damage at the same time points. In addition, 10 microg/ml MNNG induced a distinct whole nuclei staining pattern of gammaH2AX, a type of DNA damage which was not detected by neutral comet assay but could be detected by alkaline comet assay. Therefore, gammaH2AX may be used as a sensitive indicator for DNA damage. 相似文献
4.
140 patients with brain tumor were treated by CT-guided stereotactic injections of radionuclides, such as Aurum-198 (198 Au), Phosphorus-32 (32 P) and Yttrium-90 (90Y). Of these patients aged from 3 to 67 years (average 37), 64 were male and 76 female. Astrocytoma was found in 75 patients, craniopharyngioma in 46, metastatic carcinoma in 7, meningioma in 5, germinoma in 4 and pituitary adenoma in 3. The tumors were located in the deep part or functionally critical area of the brain. After 267 times of injection of colloidal isotopes, no major adverse effects or complications occurred. Follow-up for 6 to 48 months showed improvement in symptoms in 104 (74.3%) patients and CT scanning showed the diminished tumors.
相似文献
5.
相对于我国企业改革的发展,医疗卫生单位后勤管理与改革不仅起步较晚,而且力度不大,步伐不快。以往的医疗卫生单位后勤往往面面俱到,造成了严重的经济负担和社会资源的浪费。因此,医疗卫生单位后勤改革势在必行。 相似文献
6.
概述光学塑料的基本材料,讨论塑料镜片材料的主要品种及其应用,并着重分析影响塑料镜片材料性能的主要因素及其发展趋势。 相似文献
7.
Osteopontin affects the persistence of beta-glucan-induced hepatic granuloma formation and tissue injury through two distinct mechanisms 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Morimoto J Inobe M Kimura C Kon S Diao H Aoki M Miyazaki T Denhardt DT Rittling S Uede T 《International immunology》2004,16(3):477-488
Osteopontin (OPN) plays a pivotal role in various immune responses and inflammatory diseases. OPN is expressed in various granulomatous diseases; however, the cellular and molecular role of OPN in these diseases is not well known. We analyzed the role of OPN in a beta-glucan-induced hepatic granuloma model. First, we found that neither OPN deficiency nor overexpression of OPN affected the number and the size of hepatic granulomas at day 7, indicating that OPN is not involved in the formation of hepatic granulomas at the early stages. Importantly, OPN did not influence the liver tissue damage as defined by alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels at early stages. Second, OPN deficiency resulted in the reduction of IL-12 and IFN-gamma production at early stages. Third, at late stages, OPN deficiency resulted in a decrease in the number and size of hepatic granulomas, and a reduction of liver tissue injury. This was due to the reduction of the cellular recruitment including macrophages, CD4 T cells and dendritic cells into the liver, and the reduction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production in the liver. In contrast, overexpression of OPN resulted in the persistence of granuloma formation. These data suggest that OPN affects the persistence of hepatic granuloma formation. Our results indicate that OPN up-regulates the production of IL-12 and IFN-gamma within the granulomas at early stages, and OPN has an additional role in the regulation of cellular recruitment and TNF-alpha production at late stages that determine the severity of liver tissue injury. 相似文献
8.
Effect of osteopontin alleles on beta-glucan-induced granuloma formation in the mouse liver 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Tanaka K Morimoto J Kon S Kimura C Inobe M Diao H Hirschfeld G Weiss JM Uede T 《The American journal of pathology》2004,164(2):567-575
The granuloma formation is a host defense response against persistent irritants. Osteopontin is centrally involved in the formation of granulomas. Three osteopontin alleles, designated a, b, and c, have been found in mice. Here we used a murine model of zymosan (beta-glucan)-induced granuloma formation in the liver to determine possible functional differences between the osteopontin alleles in cell-mediated immunity. In contrast to mice with alleles a or c, mice with the allele b was defective in granuloma formation. As detected by mRNA expression, cytokines and chemokines known to be critically involved in granuloma formation were elicited in liver tissue, regardless of the osteopontin allele expressed. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences showed that unlike osteopontin c, b differs from a in 11 amino acids. All three osteopontin alleles had normal cell-binding properties. However, only the b allelic form was defective in the induction of cell migration as tested with dendritic cells. In conclusion, generation of a granulomatous response in mice depends critically on the presence of a functional osteopontin allele. Defective granuloma formation in mice with allele b is likely to be because of an impaired chemotactic function of the osteopontin b protein on immunocompetent cells. 相似文献
9.
目的:总结手术中发生医源性血管损伤的处理经验。方法:10例在外科手术中损伤血管的患者,其中门静脉,下腔静脉、髂总静脉损伤各2例,股总静脉、颈总动脉、腋静脉、腘动脉损伤各1例。行血管修补术5例,行端-端吻合术1例,自体静脉移植术1例,人工血管移植1例,钳夹止血1例,血管结扎1例。结果:本组痊愈8例;死亡2例,其中下腔静脉损伤止血失败死亡1例,颈总动脉损伤结扎死亡1例。结论:医源性血管损伤重在预防,一旦发生血管损伤,迅速有效地控制出血是手术成功的关键,血管修补或吻合术疗效良好。 相似文献
10.
根据孕妇参数预测胎儿体重的神经网络方法 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
本文采用反向传播神经网络算法,根据孕妇身高、体重、宫高及腹围预测胎儿体重。建立了一个预测胎儿体重的网络模型,讨论了确定网络拓扑结构的方法。采用该方法预测了140例胎儿体重,预测符合率高达85%,相对误≤10%者占预测总数的94.28%。采用神经网络分析输入对于输出的贡献的结果表明孕妇宫高对于胎儿体重影响最大。 相似文献