慢性心衰患者电话干预的随机试验：DIAL试验

目的:明确集中的电话干预能否降低慢性心衰门诊患者死亡或因心衰加重而住院的发生率。设计:多中心、随机对照试验。地点:阿根廷的51个中心(包括公立、私立的医院及流动设施)。参与者:1518例患有稳定的慢性心衰且已接受最佳药物治疗方案治疗的门诊患者,由心脏科主治医师分层后随机分为电话干预组和常规治疗组。干预:在常规治疗的基础上,由一个中心通过护士频繁的电话随访对患者进行教育、辅导和监督。主要观察指标:全因死亡或由于心衰加重而住院。结果:99.5%的患者完成了全部随访。常规治疗组758例患者中由于心衰加重而住院或死亡的比例(235…     

New wound protection for rabbits

Rabbits are the experimental animals of choice in many studies including flaps, wounds, and topical trials for new pharmacological agents. Because the topical drugs and other materials used for dressing are irritating to the animal, they tend to remove dressings, bandages, drapes, insensate flaps, and also topical drugs by scratching, licking, and biting if they are within the reach of the animal. In this study, we report an easy to prepare, user-friendly, comfortable, and cheap dressing protector called a dressing shield to prevent these problems.     

Craniofacial serial dimensions related to age, sex, and cleft-type from six months of age to two years.

The first two postnatal years are a time of rapid craniofacial growth. We selected 30 cleft lip/palate children, each seen at 6, 12, 18, 24 months, at which time lateral X-ray headfilms were taken. There were five boys, five girls, in each of three cleft-types: cleft palate only (CP), unilateral cleft lip/palate (UCLP), and bilateral cleft lip/palate (BCLP). Three dimensions were selected: 1) anterior cranial base (S-N); 2) upper face height (N-Pt.A); 3) maxillary depth (Pt.A-Ptm). All were in the midsagittal plane. This is a repeated measures study on the factor patient age, so that for each combination of sex and cleft-type the same subject was measured at the four levels of patient age. The multiple comparison technique utilized was the Newman-Keuls Procedure. There is no significant joint effect in the 6-24 months period. The factors seem to operate singly. There is no main effect due to the factor sex. Dimensions N-Pt.A. and Pt.A-Ptm show a significant main effect due to the factor cleft-type. There is a highly significant main effect due to the patient age factor.     

ASO Visual Abstract: Chemotherapy After Diagnosis of Malignant Bowel Obstruction is Associated with Greater Survival for Medicare Patients with Advanced Malignancy

Annals of Surgical Oncology -     

英国补充治疗的成本效果：系统性综述

补充治疗（包括针灸和草药——编者注）是否应该整合纳入英国国民医疗卫生服务体系（NHS），成本效益的数据资料成为争论的关键问题。但是，就我们所知，以前没有人对英国补充疗法的成本效益做过研究。     

THE ROLE OF SLEEP IN THE RELATION BETWEEN COMMUNITY VIOLENCE EXPOSURE AND DELINQUENCY AMONG LATINO ADOLESCENTS

Little is known about factors that account for the link between community violence exposure (CVE) and delinquency among adolescents. Sleep is one factor that warrants attention, given the poor sleep habits found among many adolescents and its relation to CVE and delinquent behaviors. Further, given the growing rate of Latino youth in the United States, and their risk for CVE, examining factors that account for this relation among Latino youth is essential for developing culturally sensitive interventions. This study evaluated whether sleep problems accounted for the link between CVE and delinquency among a sample of 144 Latino adolescents (54% male; ages 14­–19 years). CVE and sleep problems were uniquely related to delinquency. Further, Meeker's test of indirect effects indicated that sleep problems partially accounted for the relation between CVE and delinquency. Interventions targeting sleep problems in Latino adolescents may aid in reducing delinquency among Latino adolescents, particularly for those with CVE.