Antioxidant, cytotoxic activities, and structure-activity relationship of gallic acid-based indole derivatives

A new series of gallic hydrazones containing an indole moiety was synthesized through the reaction of gallic hydrazide and different indole carboxaldehydes. Their antioxidant activities were determined on DPPH radical scavenging and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The in-vitro cytotoxic activities of the compounds were evaluated against HCT-116 (human colon cancer cell line) and MCF-7 (estrogen-dependent human breast cancer cell line) by the MTT method. An attempt to correlate the biological results with their structural characteristics has been done. A limited positive structure activity relationship was found between cytotoxic and antioxidant activities.     

The relationship between vLTP and vVO2max during an incremental test to exhaustion in professional endurance runners

The minimal running velocity at which maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) is elicited during an incremental test to exhaustion has been used to prescribe training for competitive middle- and long-distance runners. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between velocity at lactate turnpoint (vLTP) and vVO_2max in long-distance runners. For this purpose 11 highly trained endurance runners were selected randomly from the national team. The average age, height and mass of the subjects were 24.36±1.1 years, 1.73±0.02 m and 63.25±21 kg respectively. The first test was used to determine vVO_2max and VO_2max (a continuous run to exhaustion with the start velocity at 10 km/h and the velocity increased 1 km/h per minute). The second test was used to determine vLTP (start velocity was 10 km/h and velocity increased 1 km/h for 4 min to reach lactate concentration over 5 mmol/l). The average VO_2max and vVO_2max of subjects were 58.54±2.8 ml/kg/min and 19±0.29 km/h respectively. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and SPSS 12 software were used for analysing data. There was a positive moderate correlation between vLTP and vVO_2max (p=0.037, r=0.63). This study may indicate that, the more the athlete is capable of delaying the accumulation of his/her lactate, and the higher the velocity at which the accumulation takes place, the higher vVO_2max he/she can have. On the other hand, coaches can design training programmes at vVO_2max intensity to promote a higher vLTP.     

Marginal and internal fit of metal copings fabricated with rapid prototyping and conventional waxing

Statement of problem

Given the limitations of conventional waxing, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies have been developed as alternative methods of making patterns.

Dental caries analysis in 3-5 years old children: A spatial modelling

Objectives

The main objective of this study was modelling experienced caries of deciduous teeth in 3-5 years old children treated in Children's Department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, using the spatial autologistic regression. The other objective was identifying a risk pattern of decayed dents of these children.

Materials and methods

The study group consisted of 400 children (3-5 years old). Two groups of postgraduate and under graduate dentistry students under consideration and approval of the professors of dentistry from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences diagnosed and categorised the caries statuses of deciduous dents of the children. The caries statuses were considered as spatially correlated binary data. The appropriate model was autologistic regression.

Results

The fitted autologistic model showed that caries in the three nearest neighbours of a tooth, which includes the two adjacent and the one vertically opponent teeth, had significant effect on its caries. The computed risks based on the fitted model revealed a definite-spatial pattern of caries events.

Conclusions

Every decayed deciduous tooth in the mouth of a preschool child threatens the three nearest teeth. The risk pattern of caries in each quarter of the teeth lattice of children from incisors to molars has an ascending rate. The dents in maxilla and posterior locations have higher risks of caries than in mandible and anterior locations. These findings are valuable in preventive health care and therapeutic approaches in dentistry of children.     

Anxiety in rats with bile duct ligation is associated with activation of JNK3 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the hippocampus

Metabolic Brain Disease - We examine the anxiety-like behaviors in rats with bile duct ligation (BDL), as well as its relationship with the expression of JNK3 and P38 MAPKs in rat hippocampus. Male...     

Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis Presenting with Palmoplantar Keratoderma

Abstract: Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal‐recessive disease caused by mutations in the NTRK1 gene. The disease is characterized by insensitivity to pain and absence of thermal perception. Herein a 6‐year‐old boy is presented with a large ulcer on the sole of his right foot and a thick, hyperkeratotic appearance of his palms and soles; there was also a medical history of hyperthermia, anhidrosis, recurrent bone fractures, osteomyelitis, injuries, mental retardation, dry and exfoliative skin, insensitivity to pain, and lack of thermal sensation. Genetic studies revealed a homozygote mutation in the NTRK1 gene. Although the patient initially presented with palmoplantar keratoderma, genetic studies confirmed the diagnosis of CIPA.     

Cognitive-behavioral counseling and self-perception of male clients receiving methadone maintenance treatment

This study aimed to determine the effect of cognitive-behavioral counseling on self-perception and self-efficacy of clients receiving methadone maintenance treatment. Participants were selected 70 drug users based on the available sampling and randomly divided into two groups. Prior and 4 weeks after to the intervention, both groups were scored using Porhossein’s Shortened Self-perception Scale. In addition to typical interventions provided by clinics, the experimental group received cognitive-behavioral group counseling for eight weeks. Data were analyzed with statistical tests. The results suggested that cognitive-behavioral counseling significantly improved clients’ self-perception scores in the experimental group at the posttest. Cognitive-behavioral group counseling can be effective in promoting self-perception of clientss receiving methadone maintenance treatment.