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??Learning curve of laparscopic resection in rectal cancer for experienced surgeon ZHU Xiao-ming??LOU Zheng??GONG Hai-feng??et al. Department of Colorectal Surgery??Changhai Hospital??the Second Military Medical University??Shanghai 200433??China
Corresponding author??ZHANG Wei??E-mail: weizhang2000cn@163.com
Abstract Objective To investigate how experienced surgeons in open surgery can quickly learn laparscopic resection for rectal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 120 cases of laparscopic resection for rectal cancer performed by the same team of surgeons from August 2009 to April 2015 in Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. The cases were divided into three groups (40 cases in each group) by operative sequence. The time span was 36, 19, 11 months respectively. The operating time??blood loss??the rate of conversion to open operation??number of lymph nodes??the integrityof mesorectum??postoperative aerofluxus time??postoperative hospital stay and the rate of postoperative complications were compared among the 3 groups. Results The operating time in group A was ??162.9±36.7??min??which as much higher than that in group B ??147.0±36.8??min and group C (132.7±31.9)min (P<0.05). However??there was no significant difference between group B and C (P>0.05). Intraoperative blood loss??the rate of conversion to open operation and postoperative hospital stay in group A had no significant difference compared with those in group B and C (P??0.05). Also??there was no significant difference in the integrity of mesorectum??number of lymph nodes??postoperative aerofluxus time and the rate of postoperative complications among 3 gourps ??P>0.05??. Conclusion From the learning curve??surgeons with rich experience in open surgery can learn laparscopic skills for rectal cancer after performing 40 cases.     

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??Risk factors and prevention of surgical site infection LIU Hong-bin. Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of PLA??Lanzhou 730050??China
Abstract Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common complication after surgical operation. It can cause the increasement of hospitalization expense??extension of hospitalization time and the incidence and mortality of postoperative complications. The increasing of the difficulty and complexity of surgery??transfer technique and prosthesis implantation, immunosuppressant and hormones used widely and misuse of antibiotics may increase the incidence of SSI. With the rapid development of minimally invasive surgery and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), prevent SSI are facing new challenges. So SSI should cause the attention of the society and hospitals. With the improvement of medical treatment level??the standardized treatment measures of SSI should be formulated and implemented. SSI should be prevented from forecast??diagnosis??perioperative managemant. SSI shoule be managed comprehensively in every level of patients, medical staff and environment.     

椎管内神经鞘瘤的MR诊断

目的 探讨椎管内神经鞘瘤的MR特征。经鞘瘤的MR表现及手术病理资料，并复习文献。结果 方法回顾性分析34例经手术病理证实，资料完整的椎管内神16例囊变，全部病例T1加权为均匀或不均匀低信号，T2加权图像为高信号，27例T2加权信号不均匀，全部病例明显强化，边界清楚，27例不均匀强化，其中17例呈外围强化。结论 T1加权图像低信号，T2加权不均匀高信号，明显强化，边界清楚，外围强化，囊变是椎管内神经鞘瘤的特征。     

儿保管理在早产低出生体重儿中的应用效果

目的探讨儿保管理在早产低出生体重儿中的应用效果。方法选取2019年1月~2020年2月我院收治的66例早产低出生体重儿为研究对象,按照收治时间分为对照组和观察组,各33例。对照组给予常规管理,观察组给予儿保管理,观察两组早产低出生体重儿的体重提升效果及转正管理情况。结果观察组早产低出生体重儿的体重提升有效率(93.94%)高于对照组(78.79%)(P<0.05);管理干预后,观察组33例早产低出生体重儿均结案并转为正常儿管理,对照组有32例低体重儿结案转为正常儿管理。结论儿保管理应用于早产低出生体重儿,可有效促进其体重增长,使其尽快达到正常出生体重儿,为后期的健康生长发育奠定扎实的基础,具有较高的临床推广价值。     

模拟复用的医用外科口罩清洗和消毒后主要性能指标变化

目的 医用外科口罩模拟复用清洗和消毒后主要性能指标变化。方法 以颗粒过滤效率（PFE）、细菌过滤效率（BFE）作为医用外科口罩的关键性能指标,对不同佩戴时间、不同干燥方式、不同洗消方式等试验条件进行验证。结果 试验后的医用外科口罩关键性能指标能够符合标准要求。结论 医用外科口罩采用清水洗涤、56℃热水浸泡和100℃沸水浸泡处理后主要性能指标未见明显下降。     

过量服用木通、仙鹤草致肾功能衰竭各1例

患者女,72岁,农民,2002年6月因双手指关节红肿热痛7d,在当地个体诊所就医,配给单味中药木通3剂,每剂50g,每天1剂,1剂两煎,服用第1剂后感到胃部不适,服用第2剂第1煎时即感恶心,第2煎就未曾服用。随后出现纳差伴四肢无力,此后未服用木通及其他药物,也未见双手症状改善。1周后出现小便次数和尿量减少,来院查尿常规示蛋白质+,肾功能示尿素氮9.83mmol/L、肌酐472.3μmol/L,考虑为药物性肾功能衰竭,入住我院内科治疗。入院3d后复查尿常规示蛋白质+,肾功能示尿素氮8.66mmol/L,肌酐468.2μmol/L,1周后复查尿常规示蛋白质+,肾功能示尿素氮8.23mmol/…     

大黄治疗心血管疾病的药理学研究浅识

大黄是中药传统的泻下药，其作用广泛，近年来在心血管研究方面也取得了很大进展。为开发大黄新用途，拓展其在临床的应用，本文综述了大黄及其有效成分的心血管药理作用及作用机制。     

儿童先天代谢异常伴发的肥厚型心肌病

儿童先天代谢异常是导致肥厚型心肌病（HCM）的重要病因, 掌握每种疾病的特征性表现有助于正确的诊断及鉴别诊断。多数先天代谢异常伴发HCM属于常染色体隐性遗传,少数为常染色体显性遗传X连锁遗传方式,部分线粒体病呈母系遗传。常规心电图、超声心动图等心脏检查即可以为部分疾病的基础病因找到诊断线索。随着酶替代疗法等新的治疗方法的不断进步,加强心脏评估,恰当地针对原发病治疗,多学科协同合作将为越来越多的患者生存提供可能。