翻转课堂结合OSCE教学方法在口腔本科生教学中的应用

目的：探讨翻转课堂结合客观结构化临床考试（OSCE）培训及考核系统运用于口腔医学教学的可行性。方法选择新疆医科大学口腔医学院2012级本科生,随机分为2组,试验组(28人)进行翻转课堂教学结合OSCE培训及考核,对照组（25人）进行传统教学,比较2组的教学效果。结果从OSCE考核实践成绩来看：试验组（85.39±7.60）分,对照组（80.60±11.64）分,试验组成绩优于对照组,P<0.05;从2组笔试理论成绩来看：试验组（84.11±5.88）分,对照组（85.80±7.76）分,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论口腔专业教学中通过翻转课堂结合OSCE系统有益于提高学生学习的自主性,显示良好的教学效果,值得进一步推广。     

酪蛋白磷酸多肽/无定形磷酸钙复合物与氟化钠预防正畸托槽周围的牙釉质脱矿

BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, both casein phosphopeptides/amorphous calcium phosphate compound and fluoride can effectively prevent the occurrence of enamel demineralization and caries. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preventive effects of casein phosphopeptides/amorphous calcium phosphate compound and fluoride on enamel demineralization in the orthodontic treatment, so as to seek a remineralization agent with good effect. METHODS: Totally 40 human in vitro teeth which had been well bonded to brackets were randomly divided into four groups: control group (the surface was not coated with any substance), GC tooth mousse group (the surface was coated with casein phosphopeptides/amorphous calcium phosphate compound), duraphat group (the surface was coated with fluoride) and combined group (the surface was coated with casein phosphopeptides /amorphous calcium phosphate compound and fluoride). The enamel surface porosity was observed by scanning electron microscopy after the successive 14-day demineralization-remineralization experiments in these four groups. The change value of microhardness was measured before and after the experiment in each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was obvious enamel demineralization in the control group, but not in the other three groups. The change value of microhardness in GC tooth mousse, duraphat and combined groups was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between GC tooth mousse, duraphat and combined groups. These results demonstrate that fluoride, casein phosphopeptides/amorphous calcium phosphate compound and their combination can prevent enamel demineralization, promote remineralization; however, their combination does not improve the effect of preventing enamel demineralization.         

罕见上颌双侧第四磨牙伴多颗牙髓石一例

额外牙的发生在临床工作中很少见,国内外报道额外牙在人群中的发生率为0.3%~3.8%[1].额外牙大多发生在恒牙列,乳牙的额外牙较少见,可发生在颌骨任何部位,但最多见的是"正中牙",即位于上颌两中切牙之间,而第四磨牙的发生则较为罕见.牙髓结节性钙化,又称髓石,亦为不常见的现象,髓石可发生在牙髓中或嵌入牙本质中,一个牙齿可能有1到12个钙化点甚至更多,可发生在所有牙齿中,但最常发生在磨牙中[2].笔者在临床上遇到1例罕见上颌双侧第四磨牙伴多颗牙髓石,现报道如下:     

下颌第三磨牙发育阶段与磨牙后间隙的关系研究

目的:研究下颌第三磨牙发育形成情况与下磨牙后间隙的相关性,预测牙弓后端间隙的生长潜力,为临床错牙合畸形的矫治计划的设计提供诊断依据。方法:选取在乌鲁木齐市口腔医院就诊的8~18岁符合纳入标准的初诊患者所拍摄的CBCT 129例(女性67人,男性62人)。对不同性别参照Nolla法的牙龄判断标准对下颌第三磨牙发育情况进行分期,并于CBCT影像上测量下颌第一磨牙后间隙,计算下颌第三磨牙牙龄与磨牙后间隙之间的直线回归方程,分析两者相关性。结果:不同性别组之间第一磨牙后距离存在差异,女性:(16.89±3.25) mm;男性:(15.74±2.97) mm,女性大于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二组间年龄、牙龄差异无明显统计学意义。下颌第三磨牙牙龄与第一磨牙后距离之间存在直线相关关系(r=0.860,P<0.001)。结论:可通过评估下颌第三磨牙牙龄来预测下颌牙弓后段生长间隙潜力,为矫治计划制定提供参考依据。     

儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶与颞下颌关节紊乱病疼痛关联性研究进展

颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）是口腔科难治性疾病之一,严重影响患者的生活质量和身心健康,由于其危险因素众多,目前发病机制尚未完全阐明。近年来精神心理因素备受关注,其对TMD发生的影响机制也十分复杂。儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶（COMT）是一个与疼痛相关的基因,研究发现其在心理应激前后咀嚼肌组织中的表达发生变化,提示TMD患者的精神心理状态和COMT基因多态性存在相关性。本文就COMT基因与TMD的发生及调节之间的相关关系等方面做一综述。     

标准化病人与Typedont模拟架相结合在口腔本科生正畸教学中的应用

目的 探讨标准化病人(standardized patient,SP)与Typedont模拟(牙合)架相结合的方法在口腔正畸教学中的应用,寻找教学中存在的问题并分析其教学效果.方法将40名学生随机分为2组,每组20人,一组接受传统教学方法,另一组接受SP与Typedont模拟(牙合)架相结合的教学方法.采用理论知识,临床操作以及调查问卷方式进行教学评估.结果SP与Typedont相结合的教学方法在各项考核中都优于传统教学方法.结论SP与Typedont相结合的教学方法能够引导学生学习积极性,提高学习效率及临床操作能力,值得在正畸教学中推广.