基于细胞色素氧化酶CYP2D6的何首乌肝细胞毒性及相关成分研究

目的 探究何首乌及其主要成分对人肝细胞L02中细胞色素氧化酶CYP2D6 mRNA表达的影响以及抑制CYP2D6活性或表达对何首乌肝细胞毒性的影响及相关成分辨识.方法 利用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)确定何首乌水提物(Polygoni Multiflori Radix,PMR)及其主要成分对L02细胞CYP2D...     

3D Cube FLAIR plus HyperSense compressed sensing is superior to 2D T2WI FLAIR scanning regarding image quality,spatial resolution,detection rate for cortical microinfarcts

3-dimention (3D) Cube isotropic volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) facilitates comprehensive recognition of microinfarcts while it takes long scanning time. HyperSense compressed sensing is an emerging technique for accelerating MRI acquisition to reduce scanning time, while its application along with 3D Cube MRI for microinfarcts is seldom reported. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the efficiency of 3D Cube FLAIR plus HyperSense compressed sensing technique versus conventional 2-dimention (2D) FLAIR scanning in the detection of cortical microinfarcts (CMIs).Totally 59 patients with cerebrovascular disease were enrolled then scanned by 3D Cube FLAIR plus HyperSense compressed sensing and 2D T2WI FLAIR sequences. The image quality scores, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for gray matter (GM), SNR for white matter (WM), their contrast-to-noise ratio (WM-to-GM CNR), detected number of CMIs were evaluated.3D Cube FLAIR plus HyperSense showed a dramatically increased scores of uniformity, artifact, degree of lesion displacement, and overall image quality compared to 2D T2WI FLAIR. Meanwhile, it exhibited similar SNRwm and SNRgm, but a higher WM-to-GM contrast-to-noise ratio compared with 2D T2WI FLAIR. Furthermore, the scanning time of 3D Cube FLAIR plus HyperSense and 2D T2WI FLAIR were both set as 2.5 minutes. Encouragingly, 244 CMIs were detected by 3D Cube FLAIR plus HyperSense, which was higher compared to 2D T2WI FLAIR (106 detected CMIs).3D Cube FLAIR plus HyperSense compressed sensing is superior to 2D T2WI FLAIR scanning regarding image quality, spatial resolution, detection rate for CMIs; meanwhile, it does not increase the scanning time. These findings may contribute to early detection and treatment of stroke.     

关节置换术患者血浆胆碱酯酶水平与术后认知功能障碍的相关性研究

目的：探讨关节置换术患者血浆胆碱酯酶（ChE）水平对发生术后认知功能障碍（POCD）的影响。方法选择2013年1~11月择期行膝关节、髋关节置换术患者82例，根据是否发生POCD分为POCD组32例（39.02%）和非POCD组50例（60.98%）。所有入选患者分别于术前1 d和术后1、3、5、7 d应用简易精神状态检查量表（MMSE）进行认知功能测定，并于术前1 d和术后1、3、5、7 d抽取患者空腹静脉血测定ChE水平。结果两组患者术后1、3、5、7 d血浆ChE水平均较术前降低，且POCD组较非POCD组降低更明显，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；POCD组术前1 d血浆ChE水平明显低于非POCD组，差异有统计学意义（P=0.017）；血浆ChE水平与MMSE评分呈正相关（r=0.630，P〈0.01）。结论关节置换术患者血浆ChE水平降低与POCD的发生密切相关。     

Altered oral microbiota composition associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis in young females

Oral microbiota has been implicated in pathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), which is a common mucosal disorder with unclear etiology. This study has explored the association between oral microbiota disorder and RAS in high-risk young female population.Forty-five young females were enrolled, including 24 RAS patients and 21 healthy individuals. Oral microbiome was analyzed by Illumina Miseq sequencing.Oral microbiota associated with RAS was characterized by the lower alpha-diversity indices (Chao1 and ACE). Several infectious pathogens increased in RAS, such as genera Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, Prevotella and Vibrio. The PICRUSt analysis indicated that the oral microbiota might be related with the up-regulation of genes involving infectious and neurodegenerative diseases, environmental adaptation, the down-regulation of genes involving basal metabolism, such as carbohydrate, energy, and amino acid metabolism.This study indicated that oral microbiota may play a significant role in RAS development.     

A longitudinal study of the effect of ocular biometrics measures on myopia onset

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To investigate the relationship between ocular biometrics (OB) and myopia onset. OB data from students in 4 grades (aged from 6 to...     

Characterization and adsorption properties of cross-linked yeast/β-cyclodextrin polymers for Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) adsorption

In this study, a crosslinked yeast/β-cyclodextrin polymer (Y–β-CDP), for use as an effective adsorbent for removal Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) ions from aqueous solution, has been innovatively prepared by grafting β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) onto the surface of baker''s yeast (BY) and thiomalic acid as a crosslinker. Several characterization techniques, such as SEM equipped with an EDS analyzer, FTIR, XRD, and XPS were employed characterize the Y–β-CDP. The impact of various operating parameters, such as pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of metal ions, contact time and solution temperature, as well as adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were systematically investigated. The adsorption of Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) on Y–β-CDP reached equilibrium in 25 min, and the kinetic process conforms to the pseudo-second order model. The Langmuir model was used to describe the adsorption isotherm data better than the Freundlich model. The predicted maximum adsorption capacity at 25 °C for Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) was 150.08 and 102.80 mg g⁻¹, respectively, when the initial concentration of metal ions was 120 mg L⁻¹. The thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption procedure of Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) onto Y–β-CDP was spontaneous and endothermic. Furthermore, regeneration experiments demonstrated that Y–β-CDP had excellent recyclability. Together, all results suggested that Y–β-CDP could potentially be a promising adsorbent in the purification of water contaminated with heavy metal ions.

A cross-linked yeast/β-cyclodextrin polymer (Y–β-CDP) was synthesized to remove Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) from aqueous solution.     

肾移植后巨细胞病毒肺炎的影像学诊断

目的 探讨肾移植术后巨细胞病毒（CMV）肺炎的影像学诊断。资料与方法 搜集13例肾移植术后CMV肺炎患者的临床、实验室以及胸片和CT检查资料,对其胸片和CT表现进行回顾性分析。结果 X线胸片早期表现基本正常或仅表现两肺纹理增多模糊,其中4例在3-7d内复查胸片,病灶发展迅速,可见磨玻璃影和大片状实变影,弥漫分布于两肺野内;CT主要影像学表现有两肺弥漫分布的磨玻璃影13例,小结节影9例,斑片状实变影8例及小叶间隔增厚7例等,其中以磨玻璃影最为常见,并通常与其他影像学表现混合存在。结论 X线胸片是肾移植术后CMV肺炎最基本的检查方法。CMV肺炎的影像学表现,尤其CT表现具有一定特点,结合临床可提示诊断。     

Sortilin在糖尿病血管钙化演进中的作用机制

目的探究分拣蛋白(Sortilin)在糖尿病血管钙化中的作用机制。方法选取2015年6月至2017年6月在江苏大学附属医院骨科因糖尿病足截肢治疗的患者30例,根据钙定量检测胫前动脉钙化情况并分为对照组(钙定量2μmol/mg,n=15)和钙化组(钙定量≥2μmol/mg,n=15)。Western blot测定两组Sortilin水平,并对患者血清学及临床指标进行相关分析。基于人主动脉平滑肌细胞株(HA-VSMC)构建糖尿病血管钙化体外模型,利用茜素红染色检测钙化程度,Western blot检测该模型中Sortilin表达水平。而后用Sortilin及Sortilin中和性抗体处理该钙化模型,用钙盐染色和钙结节长径测定的方法显示Sortilin对于钙化模型的影响。结果钙化组胫前动脉钙化是对照组的4.9倍,同时Sortilin表达量也增加3.92倍。用含有羧甲基赖氨酸(CML)和氧化型低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)的钙化培养液处理HA-VSMC后,钙化明显增加。在Sortilin重组蛋白刺激下,HA-VSMC钙化程度进一步加重,钙结节长径明显增加,同时组织非特异性碱性磷酸酶(TNAP)表达水平也显著提高。结论 Sortilin促进糖尿病血管钙化,并使其向大钙化发展。     

中医药治疗系统性红斑狼疮证型及用药规律演变研究

目的:基于文献整理探讨中医药治疗系统性红斑狼疮(Systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)的证候分类及用药规律演变。方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国学术期刊数据库中中医药治疗SLE的相关文献,时间限定为从数据库建立至2018年7月。对证型及药物进行分类并统计分析。结果:纳入文献725篇,总结归纳高频证型11个,出现频次最高的五个证型分别为热毒炽盛证、脾肾两(阳)虚证、阴虚内热(火旺)证、肝肾两(阴)虚证、气阴两虚证,累计频率62.11%。1965-2018年间,阴虚内热(火旺)证呈明显增长趋势;热毒炽盛证、脾肾两(阳)虚证及气阴两虚证在1965-2010年间呈增长趋势,在2011-2018年间呈下降趋势;肝郁气滞(脾虚)证在1965-2018年间呈下降趋势;其余证型均呈动态波动。涉及组方1522个,药物309味,使用15910次,总使用频率最高的5味药分别为生地黄、牡丹皮、茯苓、黄芪、甘草,总累计频率16.42%。使用频率最高药类为清热药和补虚药;生地黄、牡丹皮等清热药的使用频率趋势与热毒炽盛证保持一致,不同年份高频用药大致相似,用药频率存在较小差异。结论:SLE在内以阴阳亏虚为主,在外与热毒侵袭相关,属于本虚标实,其发展与生态环境、社会环境、药物使用等紧密相关,治当以清热凉血、活血祛瘀、益气养阴,并结合个人体质及环境变化辨证治疗。     

Lipid metabolism of cancer stem cells

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also termed cancer-initiating cells, are a special subset of cells with high self-replicating and self-renewing abilities that can differentiate into various cell types under certain conditions. A number of studies have demonstrated that CSCs have distinct metabolic properties. The reprogramming of energy metabolism enables CSCs to meet the needs of self-renewal and stemness maintenance. Increasing evidence supports the view that alterations in lipid metabolism, including an increase in fatty acid (FA) uptake, de novo lipogenesis, formation of lipid droplets and mitochondrial FA oxidation, are involved in CSC regulation. In the present review, the metabolic characteristics of CSCs, particularly in lipid metabolism, were summarized. In addition, the potential mechanisms of CSC lipid metabolism in treatment resistance were discussed. Given their significance in cancer biology, targeting CSC metabolism may serve an important role in future cancer treatment.