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1.
The incidence of late infection after cranioplasty was studied in 130 patients with 133 cranioplasties. The materials used were prefabricated resin in 62 cases, autogenic bone in 38, intraoperatively fashioned resin in 25, and vitallium in eight. Six infections were documented, for an infection rate of 4.5%. In addition to these six cases, we studied eight patients with infections who had undergone cranioplasty elsewhere but had the infected plates removed in our hospitals. Among the 14 cases of infection, the intervals between cranioplasty and plate removal were 3 to 43 months (average, 10.5 months). The eight patients referred from other hospitals had a significantly shorter average interval between external decompression and cranioplasty than did patients who did not develop infection (2.6 versus 6.7 months; p less than 0.005). Systemic signs were mild despite obvious local signs of infection. Of the 11 first infections, nine (82%) were associated with discharge of pus from a fistula; in these cases a galeal suture had become infected apparently through scratching by the patients. In contrast, in the three patients who had had a previous infection, the second infection manifested as subgaleal and epidural empyema or meningitis without a fistula or pus discharge. Nine infections (69%) were due to Staphylococcus. All but two patients required removal of the infected plates. One recovered with conservative therapy and one died of meningitis, giving a mortality rate of 0.8%. No matter how mild the systemic signs, late infection warrants surgical debridement and plate removal. The risk factors for late infection of cranioplasty are discussed. 相似文献
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Shibata M Kanamori S Ohsawa Y Watanabe T Yayoi Y Miura M Kominami E Uchiyama Y 《Archives of histology and cytology》2001,64(1):17-28
CED-9 prevents apoptosis in embryonic cells of Caenorhabditis elegans but not in mammalian cells. We show here that the prevention of apoptosis in mammalian cells requires a CED-3-cleaved form (68-280) of CED-9 which is localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The viability of PC12 and HeLa cells was significantly increased after death stimuli when truncated CED-9 was expressed in these cells but full-length CED-9 did not. The truncated CED-9 expressed in these cells was largely localized to the inner mitochondrial and the endoplasmic reticulum membranes, while full-length CED-9 was detected mainly in endoplasmic reticulum fractions. Moreover, truncated CED-9 in purified mitochondria was resistant to trypsin digestion, but full-length CED-9 was not. These results suggest that the CED-3-cleaved form of CED-9 prevents apoptosis in mammalian cells by localizing to the inner mitochondrial membrane. 相似文献
4.
Parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP) was discovered as a causative factor of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM). The present study elucidates the histopathological characters of incisor lesions in the HHM rat model. Nude rats were implanted with PTHrP-expressing tumor (LC-6) cells, maintained for 12 weeks, after which the mandibular incisors were collected. Incisor fractures were observed grossly. Microscopically, hypercalcified dentin, dentin niche with osteodentin, and thinning of dentin were observed. Hypercalcified dentin was observed as a basophilic line of calcified dentin without associated odontoblastic changes, whereas dentin niche and thinning of dentin occurred with osteodentin and loss of cell height, respectively. In contrast with hypercalcified dentin, which was distributed throughout the dentin, dentin niche and thinning of dentin were localized to the labial area of the apical and middle region, and to the labial and lingual areas of the middle and incisal region, respectively. These results suggest that hypercalcemia affected the entire calcification process resulting in hypercalcified dentin, and that high PTHrP concentrations affected selective populations of odontoblasts resulting in formation of dentin niche and thinning of dentin. The localization of dentin niche and thinning of dentin also suggest that PTHrP may also be involved odontoblastic development in the rat. 相似文献
5.
Montero R Serrano L Dávila V Segura Y Arrieta A Fuentes R Abad I Valencia L Sierra P Camacho R 《Environmental and molecular mutagenesis》2003,42(3):216-222
Micronuclei and other biomarkers were evaluated in oral cells from 11- to 16-year-old girls living in a foster home in the central area of México City. Variables analyzed for possible association with these biomarkers include smoking habits, body mass index, metabolic polymorphisms for NAT1 and GSTM1 and whether the cells were obtained from the cheek or pharynx. The results indicated that individuals having the NAT1*10 homozygous genotype showed a significant increase in chromatin buds and binucleated cells. When the damage in the cheek was compared with damage in the pharynx, a significant increase in micronuclei and binucleated cells was found for the latter tissue in all the individuals analyzed. 相似文献
6.
Yayoi S. Kikkawa Karen S. Pawlowski Charles G. Wright Kumar N. Alagramam 《Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)》2008,291(2):224-232
The Ames waltzer (av) mouse mutant harbors a mutation in the protocadherin 15 gene (Pcdh15) and is a model for deafness in Usher syndrome 1F and nonsyndromic deafness DFNB23. Mutation in Pcdh15 affects stereocilia morphogenesis and polarity. Disruptions of apical cellular components in outer hair cells have also been described in av mutants. Organization of stereocilia and cell polarization may be dependent on proper orientation of structural components residing in the apical portion of the cell during development. We used electron and immunofluorescent microscopy to examine structural maturation of outer hair cells in av3J mice with emphasis on the fonticulus, basal body/centriole complex, actin mesh, and the microtubule network during initiation of bundle organization, between embryonic day (E) 16.5 and postnatal day 5 (P5). We found major ultrastructural rearrangements near the hair cell surface in av3J mice. Earliest changes were in kinocilia, basal body, and stereocilia positioning and microtubule arrangement once the kinocilia had lateralized to the side of the cell (between E16.5 and postnatal day [P] 0, before cuticular plate formation and stereocilia elongation). By P0, the developing fonticulus in av mice appeared enlarged, with a normal vesicle density. Stereocilia bundle disorganization increased after P0, with disruptions of the actin mesh within the cuticular plate. These observations support the hypothesis that mutations in Pcdh15 in av3J mice adversely affect coordinated maturation of apical cell components, resulting in disturbed stereocilia bundle polarity in av mice. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
7.
Nakagohri T Kenmochi T Kainuma O Tokoro Y Kobayashi S Asano T 《American journal of surgery》2000,179(6):482-484
BACKGROUND: Patients with intraductal papillary mucinous tumor have a favorable prognosis after surgical treatment. When this neoplasm is located in the head of the pancreas, resection has conventionally required pancreatoduodenectomy. Although pancreatoduodenectomy can now be performed with a low mortality rate, morbidity still occurs frequently. METHODS: Between November 1982 and January 1999, 38 intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas were resected at the Chiba University Hospital. Seven patients (18%) underwent inferior head resection of the pancreas. In this preliminary study, the operative technique is presented, and its efficacy in improvement of quality of life is evaluated. RESULTS: Patients with intraductal papillary mucinous tumor underwent resection with no perioperative mortality. After discharge from hospital, 6 patients who underwent inferior head resection were still alive without recurrent disease after a median follow-up of 3 years. However, 1 patient developed peritoneal dissemination and died 18 months after inferior head resection. Patients had regained 98% of preoperative weight 1 year after inferior head resection. N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-amino-benzoic acid (BT-PABA) excretion test showed the same value before (73%) and after (73%) inferior head resection (n = 7). Pancreatic fistulas occurred more frequently after inferior head resection (38%), but the incidence of major complications was similar between inferior head resection and other types of pancreatic head resection. CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic function was well preserved, and patients regained 98% of preoperative weight after inferior head resection of the pancreas. The authors concluded that the limited involvement of intraductal papillary mucinous tumors enables the surgeons to perform inferior head resection of the pancreas. 相似文献
8.
Tomoya Ikeda Naoto Tani Tatsuya Hirokawa Kei Ikeda Fumiya Morioka Alissa Shida Yayoi Aoki Takaki Ishikawa 《Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)》2022,61(13):1999
A man in his 30s injected insulin several times into his abdomen and was found dead several hours later. Micropathological findings showed alveolar injury with hemorrhaging and cerebral parietal lobe nerve cell edema. Biochemical examinations showed that the blood insulin level was high, significantly so at the insulin injection sites. The blood glucose and C-peptide levels were low. The insulin level in the kidneys was low. In forensic medicine, a postmortem diagnosis of insulin subcutaneous injection is often difficult. When insulin injection is suspected, particularly high insulin levels can be expected at the insulin injection site, rather than in the blood. 相似文献
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10.
Up-regulation of transferrin receptor 1 in chronic hepatitis C: Implication in excess hepatic iron accumulation. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Hiroyuki Saito Yoshinori Fujimoto Takaaki Ohtake Yasuaki Suzuki Shinobu Sakurai Yayoi Hosoki Katsuya Ikuta Yoshihiro Torimoto Yutaka Kohgo 《Hepatology research》2005,31(4):203-210
BACKGROUND/AIMS:: To clarify the mechanism of excess hepatic iron accumulation in chronic hepatitis C, we investigated the expressions of transferrin receptor 1 and divalent metal transporter 1 in hepatocytes, both of which are involved in cellular iron uptake, in relation to the degree of hepatic iron accumulation and hepatic fibrosis by immunohistochemistrical study. METHODS:: Forty-six hepatic tissues with chronic hepatitis C and five normal hepatic tissues were examined. Chemical detection of hepatic iron accumulation was performed by Perl's Prussian blue stain. The immunohistochemistrical study was performed by avidin-biotin complex method with alkaline phosphatase. RESULTS:: In chronic hepatitis C: (1) Hepatic iron accumulation was significantly increased in relation to the advance of the fibrosis. (2) Divalent metal transporter 1 decreased significantly in relation to the advance of hepatic fibrosis. (3) Transferrin receptor 1 expression was always detected, although not in normal hepatic tissues; there was no relation between expression levels and the degree of hepatic fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS:: These data demonstrated that the transferrin receptor 1 expression was up-regulated irrespective of the degree of hepatic iron accumulation, suggesting that the up-regulation of transferrin receptor 1 might act as one of the key mechanisms implicated in the accumulation of hepatic iron in chronic hepatitis C. 相似文献