Association of genetic variants at MYP10 and MYP15 with high myopia in a Han Chinese population

Background: Previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) has revealed the association between MYP10 at 8p23 and MYP15 at 10q21.1 and high myopia (HM) in a French population. This study is managed to discover the connection between some single nucleotide polymorphism (located at MYP10 and MYP15) and Han Chinese HM.

Methods and Results: This case-control association study contained 1673 samples, including 869 ophthalmic patients and 804 controls. Twelve tag SNPs have been selected from the MYP10 and MYP15 loci and genotyped by SNaPshot method. Among 12 SNPs, rs4840437 and rs6989782 in TNKS gene were found significant association with HM. Carriers of rs4840437G allele and rs4840437GG genotype created a low risk of high myopia (P = .036, OR = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.71–0.93; P = .016, OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.56–0.96; respectively). Carriers of rs6989782T allele and rs6989782TT+CT genotype also had a decreased risk of high myopia (P = .048, OR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.71–0.94; P = .006, OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.59–0.92; respectively). Other 10 SNPs displaced nonsignificant association with HM. Additionally, the risk haplotype AC and the protective haplotype GT, generated by two SNPs in TNKS, were considerably more likely to be association with HM (for AC, P = .002 and OR = 1.26; for GT, P = .027 and OR = 0.84).

Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that some heritable variants in the TNKS gene are associated with HM in the Han population. The possible functions of TNKS in the development and pathogenesis of hereditary high myopia still require further researches to identify.     

Therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell on Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in a rat model by modulating Th17/Treg cell balance

Abstract

The autoimmune condition Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is a disease wherein lymphocytes mediate the autoimmune damage and destruction of the thyroid gland. There are currently no effective means of treating HT, with the primary strategies of thyroid hormone therapy, surgery, or immunomodulatory therapy being associated with serious risks and side effects. There is thus a clear and urgent need to identify novel treatments for HT. In this study, we utilize female SD rats induced HT to evaluated the ability of transplanted MSCs to regulate Th17/Treg interactions in a rat Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) model system. The results showed that Rats in the HT model group exhibited increased thyroid autoantibody levels consistent with successful model development, whereas these levels were lower in rats treated with MSCs. There were also fewer thyroid lesions and less lymphoid infiltration of the thyroid in MSC-treated rats relative to HT model rats, as well as fewer Th17 cells and more Treg cells – an observation consistent with the cytokine analyses. All of these showed that MSCs can regulate Th17/Treg interactions in a rat Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) model system. It suggested that transplanted MSCs could be a potential immunotherapy strategy for the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.     

胸腰段脊柱脊髓损伤减压与固定相关问题探讨（附166例报告）

目的 对胸腰段脊柱脊髓，马尾神经损伤患者的外科治疗及几种内固定方法的疗效进行探讨。方法 对166例患者的治疗进行回顾分析。该组患者中椎体爆裂性骨折37例，椎体压缩骨折超二分之一109例，椎体骨折脱位14例，多节段或跳跃骨折6例，脊髓损伤按Frankel分级，A级59例，B级46例，C级42例，D级19例，治疗采用后路减压复位122例，前路减压复位，髂骨植骨融合44例。结果 术后123例获3-18个月随访，随访患者中随4例RF钉断裂，5例Harrington上钩脱落，6例棍断裂，其余患者内固定稳固，脊髓，马尾神经恢复，除35例仍为A级外，余脊髓神经功能恢复1-3个级别。结论 各种不同内固定可保持或增强脊柱的稳定，胸腰段脊柱脊髓损伤的外科治疗应根据骨折类型，脊髓及马尾神经损伤程度选择手术入路及内固定材料。     

SA脂质体介导GFP／bFGF基因在豚鼠耳蜗中的表达

目的 :观察天然碱性脂 (Stearylamine,SA)脂质体介导绿色荧光蛋白 /碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(GFP/bFGF)基因于不同时间段豚鼠耳蜗中的表达 ,为进一步研究耳聋的基因治疗提供实验基础。方法 :取豚鼠 1 6只 ,分成 4组 ,每组 4只。其中 3只右耳圆窗内注入SA -GFP/bFGF复合物 ,1只同法注入生理盐水作为对照。分别于术后第 2、7、1 4、2 1天取材。在荧光显微镜下观察GFP的表达 ,用免疫组化法检测bFGF的转导情况。结果 :荧光显微镜下见双侧耳蜗于术后第 2天开始部分细胞发出绿色荧光 ,第 7天达到高峰 ,支持细胞及内外毛细胞均显荧光 ,细胞轮廓清晰 ;第 1 4天开始减弱 ,第 2 1天消失。免疫组化染色显示 ,除血管纹外 ,耳蜗各回Corti器、螺旋韧带、螺旋缘及螺旋神经节细胞均有高浓度的表达产物 ,对照动物呈阴性表达。结论 :SA脂质体介导的GFP/bFGF基因单耳给药双侧耳蜗均有高效表达 ,为进一步研究基因治疗耳聋提供了可能。     

piRNA在生殖系统中的功能研究进展

piRNA（Piwi—interacting RNA）是2006年发现的一种新的小RNA，长度约24到30个核苷酸，其作用与Dicer酶无关．与Piwi蛋白家族成员相结合才能发挥作用。目前研究piRNA的功能都基本限定在生殖细胞中，近来研究表明piRNA对于生殖细胞功能的很多环节有巨大的影响，而且对生殖支持细胞的影响的研究也有了进展。本文就piRNA在生殖系统中的功能的研究进展作一综述。     

剖宫产孕妇硬膜外给局麻药的药代动力学

为了解孕妇硬膜外给局麻药的药代动力学，选择２０名实施剖宫产手术的健康临产妇，随机分成硬膜外腔给予了哌卡因组（Ｂ１组）和给予利多卡因组（Ｌ组）。另外， ６例非妊娠患者硬膜外腔给予了哌卡因（Ｂ２组）。Ｂ１和Ｂ２组均给予０．７５％丁哌卡因１～１．５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１，Ｌ组给予２％利多卡因４～４．５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１。采用高效液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）测定硬膜外给药后血浆药物浓度。结果表明三组病例血药浓度均在安全范围内。Ｂ１组的血药浓度达高峰时间（Ｔｐｅａｋ）和脐静脉与母体血药浓度比（ＵＶ／ＭＶ）值均小于Ｌ组，表明丁哌卡因在硬膜外腔的吸收比利多卡因快，且透过胎盘屏障的药量小于利多卡因，新生儿Ａｐｇａｒ评分在娩出后５分钟均为１０分。Ｂ１组的药代动力学参数与Ｂ２组基本相似。结论：剖宫产手术硬膜外腔给予临床剂量的局麻药是安全的。     

粉防己碱舒张离体新西兰白兔阴茎海绵体平滑肌的机制研究

目的观察粉防己碱(tetrandrine,Tet)对阴茎海绵体平滑肌胞内钙释放和胞外钙内流的影响,初步探讨其舒张作用的机制。方法采用离体阴茎海绵体平滑肌肌条张力记录法,观察Tet对去氧肾上腺素(phenylephrine,PE)和氯化钾(KCI)诱导收缩的肌条的影响；采用无Ca~(2 )-复Ca~(2 )实验法,观察Tet对PE诱导的依赖细胞内钙和细胞外钙的肌条收缩反应的影响。结果Tet对PE或kcl诱导的肌条收缩均具有浓度依赖性的抑制作用。100μmol/L Tet可抑制20μmol/L PE引起的依赖细胞内钙和细胞外钙的肌条收缩(P＜0．05)；结论Tet可通过阻滞电压依赖性钙通道、受体依赖性钙通道和抑制细胞内钙库释放,从而介导其对海绵体平滑肌的舒张作用。     

我国较贫困地区农村学龄前儿童膳食状况

对１９８５～１９８９年７省较贫困的１８个乡农村儿童膳食调查资料采用平均摄入量、临界值及概率法进行了总结分析。结果表明，６～２４月龄母乳喂养儿的辅食品种单一，数量不足。断奶儿童各年龄组热能、蛋白质摄入量的平均值分别达ＲＤＡ的９２％～１０４％和７６％～８４％，但以ＲＤＡ为界值，仍有５３％～６２％及７４％～８５％的儿童热能、蛋白质摄入量低，用概率法分析蛋白质、钙、维生素Ａ、Ｂ２、Ｃ及铁摄入不足的人数比例分别是５０％～６０％、９３％～９７％、５１％～８７％、７４％～８６％、５８％～６６％和１２％～４７％。热能、蛋白质摄入量低于ＲＤＡ值儿童的身高、体重明显低于摄入量高于ＲＤＡ值的儿童。     

运动性中枢疲劳及乳酸对大鼠大脑皮质神经细胞MCT mRNA表达的影响

目的:探讨运动性中枢疲劳时大鼠大脑皮质MCT1、MCT2mRNA表达的变化以及乳酸对大鼠大脑皮质神经元MCT2mRNA表达的影响。方法:12只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和力竭训练1周组,每组6只。通过7天力竭训练建立中枢疲劳模型,观察中枢疲劳时大鼠大脑皮质MCT1、MCT2mR-NA表达变化;采用原代培养的大鼠大脑皮质神经元,观察不同浓度乳酸作用后大鼠大脑皮质神经元MCT2mRNA表达的变化。采用Trizol法提取大脑皮质和神经元总RNA;用SYBRAgreenI荧光定量RT-PCR测定MCT1及MCT2mRNA表达变化。结果:整体水平:力竭训练1周组MCT1mRNA表达无明显变化,而MCT2mRNA表达较对照组显著升高6·35±3·54倍(P<0·05)。细胞水平:乳酸作用后,神经元MCT2mRNA表达在pH=7·25时较对照组(pH=7·35组)升高3·08±2·38倍(P<0·05)。但随着乳酸浓度进一步升高,MCT2mRNA表达无明显增加。结果提示,中枢疲劳可能引发大脑皮质神经元MCT2mRNA表达升高,MCT2基因表达可能与乳酸在中枢疲劳中的作用有关。