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1.
Use of sonography to evaluate carotid atherosclerosis in the elderly. The Cardiovascular Health Study. CHS Collaborative Research Group 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
D H O'Leary J F Polak S K Wolfson M G Bond W Bommer S Sheth B M Psaty A R Sharrett T A Manolio 《Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation》1991,22(9):1155-1163
Carotid sonography is being performed on more than 5,000 participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a prospective, multicenter study of cardiovascular disease in men and women aged 65 years and older. The sonographic methods used to examine and measure the extracranial carotid arteries are described. Initial validation studies were performed on 61 subjects with a mean age of 68.6 years. Analysis of within- and between-sonographer differences and between-reader differences were performed for selected variables. In general, the mean absolute differences for within- and between-sonographer comparisons were small, with even less variability between readers. Variability was less for the common carotid artery than for the internal carotid artery. These data suggest that carotid sonography is a reliable and reproducible method for use in the study of carotid atherosclerosis in population studies. 相似文献
2.
Mechanisms of quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli: characterization of nfxB and cfxB, two mutant resistance loci decreasing norfloxacin accumulation. 总被引:29,自引:23,他引:6
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D C Hooper J S Wolfson K S Souza E Y Ng G L McHugh M N Swartz 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》1989,33(3):283-290
3.
N Wolfson R D Galpin T C Hearn R B Willis 《Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Diseases》1992,52(1):36-38
Growth of the regenerate is affected by various factors during the course of Ilizarov distractional osteogenesis. One of the chief biomechanical factors that influences the quality and rate of bone formation is fixator stiffness. A four-ring Ilizarov apparatus was configured around a synthetic tibia. In a series of trials involving a uniform axial load, different transfixing wire tensions, and the separation of paired proximal and distal rings, fragment displacement was measured. Preliminary results suggest that the effect produced by the distraction of ring pairs on interfragmentary micromotion is as significant as pretensioning of the wires. 相似文献
4.
Marsha Wolfson 《Seminars in dialysis》1988,1(1):28-32
Little is actually known about the minimum daily requirement for most vitamins in the patient with end-stage renal disease. Many of the studies reviewed suffer from lack of adequate control populations and differing methodologies, making comparisons between these studies difficult. However, patients with renal failure have many restrictions on their dietary intake, frequently suffer from intercurrent illness, and would seem to be at risk for vitamin deficiency. Also, metabolic abnormalities associated with the loss of kidney function may increase the daily requirements for certain vitamins. It is unlikely that dialysis losses of the water-soluble vitamins alone could account for vitamin depletion, and these other factors are likely to play a much more important role. It is of interest to note that the studies which demonstrate little or no vitamin deficiencies are those studies which have been carried out more recently (8, 9, 17). The patients were usually given some vitamin supplementation prior to or during the period of study and thus it is not surprising that most patients failed to demonstrate vitamin deficiency. It is also likely that heightened awareness regarding the propensity for patients with renal failure to develop deficiencies of the water-soluble vitamins has resulted in better dietary instruction and earlier intervention with vitamin supplementation. More efficient dialytic methods have also reduced the restrictions on many foods, and patients are no longer instructed to boil all their fresh vegetables. Although there may be the risk of toxicity when vitamin supplementation is overzealously administered to patients with reduced renal excretory function, it seems prudent to administer some of these water-soluble vitamins to patients with end-stage renal disease who are treated with intermittent dialysis therapy (Table 1). Certainly, this is not a very costly approach. Further studies should be carried out to better evaluate vitamin nutriture in chronically uremic and maintenance dialysis patients and to more rigorously define the minimum dose that would prevent deficiency and avoid toxicity. 相似文献
5.
Julie D Rippeth Robert K Heaton Catherine L Carey Thomas D Marcotte David J Moore Raul Gonzalez Tanya Wolfson Igor Grant 《Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society》2004,10(1):1-14
Both HIV infection and methamphetamine dependence can be associated with brain dysfunction. Little is known, however, about the cognitive effects of concurrent HIV infection and methamphetamine dependence. The present study included 200 participants in 4 groups: HIV infected/methamphetamine dependent (HIV+/METH+), HIV negative/methamphetamine dependent (HIV-/METH+), HIV infected/methamphetamine nondependent (HIV+/METH-), and HIV negative/methamphetamine nondependent (HIV-/METH-). Study groups were comparable for age, education, and ethnicity, although the HIV-/METH- group had significantly more females. A comprehensive, demographically corrected neuropsychological battery was administered yielding a global performance score and scores for seven neurobehavioral domains. Rates of neuropsychological impairment were determined by cutoff scores derived from performances of a separate control group and validated with larger samples of HIV+ and HIV- participants from an independent cohort. Rates of global neuropsychological impairment were higher in the HIV+/METH+ (58%), HIV-/METH+ (40%) and HIV+/METH- (38%) groups compared to the HIV-/METH- (18%) group. Nonparametric analyses revealed a significant monotonic trend for global cognitive status across groups, with least impairment in the control group and highest prevalence of impairment in the group with concurrent HIV infection and methamphetamine dependence. The results indicate that HIV infection and methamphetamine dependence are each associated with neuropsychological deficits, and suggest that these factors in combination are associated with additive deleterious cognitive effects. This additivity may reflect common pathways to neural injury involving both cytotoxic and apoptotic mechanisms. 相似文献
6.
进一步研究了抗三尖杉酯碱的HL-60细胞(HR20)抗细胞凋亡的机制及该抗性和抗药性的关系。结果表明,环孢菌素A(CsA)20,10μg·ml ̄(-1)诱导HL-60细胞发生凋亡,而阻断HR20细胞于G_1期,就不能诱导细胞发生凋亡。低浓度的CsA明显增加柔红霉素在HR20细胞内的积聚,其逆转抗药性作用与阻断细胞周期运行无关。CsA10μg·ml ̄(-1)处理HR20细胞,可引起50kDa的蛋白质高度磷酸化。结果提示:环孢菌素A阻断抗三尖杉酯碱的HL-60细胞于G_1期,而诱导敏感的HL-60细胞发生凋亡,其阻断作用与抗药性无关 相似文献
7.
Hydrolysis of peptides within lumen of small intestine 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
8.
Blinded comparison of a direct immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody staining method and a Giemsa staining method for identification of Pneumocystis carinii in induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
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A new direct immunofluorescence monoclonal antibody (DFA) method (Genetic Systems, Inc., Seattle, Wash.) for identification of Pneumocystis carinii in induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens was compared in a blinded study with an established Giemsa stain method. We evaluated 148 consecutive clinical specimens from 104 patients with the following results. For the 67 patients (64%) infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 49 were initially negative by both the DFA and the Giemsa methods, none were negative by DFA and positive by Giemsa, 6 were positive by DFA and negative by Giemsa, and 12 were positive by both methods, for a sensitivity and a negative predictive value of greater than 99%. For the six patients positive by DFA and negative by Giemsa, all were positive by both methods on evaluation of subsequently obtained clinical specimens, suggesting a specificity of greater than 99% and a false-positive rate of less than 1%. For 37 patients whose HIV status was negative or unknown, 35 were negative by both methods and 2 were positive by DFA and negative by Giemsa. The DFA method was simple to perform and required less time for scoring of stained slides than the Giemsa method, but care had to be taken to avoid false-positive readings due to extraneous fluorescence. This study indicates that the DFA method represents an advance as a sensitive, simple, and rapid way to identify P. carinii in induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from HIV-infected patients and suggests greater sensitivity of the DFA than the Giemsa method in this patient population. 相似文献
9.
Summary The relationships of VII and VIII cranial nerves and related arteries are reviewed in 26 preparations by microdissection techniques. These vessels may be grouped in large (AICA, PICA), medium (LA, SA, CSA, RPI) and small calibre (vasa nervorum, radicullar and medullar branches). The importance of these structures in acoustic neuroma surgery, vestibular neurectomy and cross-compression syndromes is discussed. Vascular loops and elongated arteries are normal structures present at birth.This work was supported by a grant from the AJ Roemmers Foundation 相似文献
10.
Differential pattern of DNA-aneuploidy in human malignancies 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Th Büchner W Hiddemann B Wörmann B Kleinemeier J Schumann W Göhde J Ritter K.-M Müller DB von Bassewitz A Roessner E Grundmann 《Pathology, research and practice》1985,179(3):310-317
The differential pattern of DNA-aneuploidy, detected by flow cytometry (FCM) regarding its frequency, grade and multiclonality, was investigated and correlated to tumor type, malignancy grade, tumor stage and prognosis in a multi-institutional study at the University of Münster. High resolution measurements using admixed normal blood reference cells were undertaken in 2413 cases of 13 different malignant diseases and in 776 benign lesions or samples. The incidence of DNA-aneuploidy was highest in melanomas, carcinomas, testicular tumors, sarcomas (75%-95%) and myelomas (65%). Acute leukemias showed an intermediate DNA-aneuploidy rate of 40% with special subgroups represented by common ALL (44%), p less than 0.05) and myelomonocytic/monocytic AML (47%, p less than 0.01). The lowest DNA-aneuploidy-rate was found in basal cell skin carcinomas (19%) and congenital melanocytic nevi (9%). No case of DNA-aneuploidy was observed in the 776 benign lesions or samples.--DNA-indices giving the grade of DNA-aneuploidy with 1.0 for normal diploid G1/0 cells were found distributed predominantly between 1.0 and 2.0 in the solid tumors, except testicular tumors, clustering around a triploid maximum at 1.5. DNA-indices of myelomas and acute leukemias generally ranged below 1.25 with lower DNA-aneuploidy grades in AML than in ALL (p less than 0.01).--In melanomas the aneuploidy rate was higher (86%) in metastases than in the primary tumors (54%, p = 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献