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Carel Bron Michel Wensing Jo LM Franssen Rob AB Oostendorp 《BMC musculoskeletal disorders》2007,8(1):107
Background
Shoulder disorders are a common health problem in western societies. Several treatment protocols have been developed for the clinical management of persons with shoulder pain. However available evidence does not support any protocol as being superior over others. Systematic reviews provide some evidence that certain physical therapy interventions (i.e. supervised exercises and mobilisation) are effective in particular shoulder disorders (i.e. rotator cuff disorders, mixed shoulder disorders and adhesive capsulitis), but there is an ongoing need for high quality trials of physical therapy interventions. Usually, physical therapy consists of active exercises intended to strengthen the shoulder muscles as stabilizers of the glenohumeral joint or perform mobilisations to improve restricted mobility of the glenohumeral or adjacent joints (shoulder girdle). It is generally accepted that a-traumatic shoulder problems are the result of impingement of the subacromial structures, such as the bursa or rotator cuff tendons. Myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in shoulder muscles may also lead to a complex of symptoms that are often seen in patients diagnosed with subacromial impingement or rotator cuff tendinopathy. Little is known about the treatment of MTrPs in patients with shoulder disorders. 相似文献4.
This study investigated the relationship between increased serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) receptor sensitivity and human aggression. A low oral dose of meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (MCPP), a postsynaptic 5HT receptor agonist, was administered in a placebo-controlled design to depressed (n = 22) and panic disorder (n = 20) patients classified with or without signs of outwardly directed aggression, patients with a history of suicide attempts (inwardly directed aggression) (n = 11), and normal controls (n = 19). Hormones under 5HT control were measured at 30-min intervals. Results were as follows: (1) MCPP did not induce or reduce anger, (2) patients with outwardly directed aggression did not have significantly greater MCPP-induced cortisol or prolactin release than did patients without signs of outwardly directed aggression, (3) patients with a history of suicide attempts did not have significantly greater MCPP-induced cortisol or prolactin release than did normal controls, and (4) MCPP-induced hormone release was unrelated to measures of aggression. 相似文献
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Andres A; Morales JM; Praga M; Campo C; Lahera V; Garcia-Robles R; Rodicio JL; Ruilope LM 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(7):1437-1440
BACKGROUND: Cyclosporin has been shown to facilitate renal vasoconstriction
and to have an antinatriuretic effect. The existence of an interference of
cyclosporin with the vasodilating properties of endothelium mediated by
nitric oxide production could mediate these effects. On the other hand, the
infusion of the nitric oxide precursor L-arginine has been shown to induce
renal vasodilatation and to facilitate natriuresis in normal volunteers. We
have investigated the renal effects of the administration of an infusion of
L-arginine in renal transplant patients chronically treated with
cyclosporin. To facilitate the analysis of the data the effects of the
administration of a similar dose of cyclosporin on renal function during
the infusion of a vehicle were also investigated during the administration
of a vehicle of L-arginine. DESIGN: Ten male renal transplant patients,
chronically treated with cyclosporin and with a stable renal function were
studied during 2 consecutive days after the administration of the usual
morning dose of cyclosporin. The first day they received an intravenous
infusion of vehicle and the second the infusion of graded doses of
L-arginine (50, 100, 150 mg/kg/h) during 3 consecutive h. RESULTS: The
first day, after cyclosporin administration a significant fall (P <
0.01) was observed in natriuresis and kaliuresis in the absence of changes
in renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate. After the
administration of L-arginine significant (P < 0.01) increases of renal
plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate, and natriuresis were seen. The
increase in blood levels of cyclosporin after its administration did not
differ between days 1 and 2. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that
L-arginine facilitates renal vasodilatation and natriuresis in renal
transplant patients. Furthermore, the observed increase in sodium excretion
could indicate that L-arginine counteracts the antinatriuretic effect of
cyclosporin.
相似文献
8.
Does altered biomechanics cause marrow edema? 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
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Functional characterization of a sialyltransferase-deficient mutant of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
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M J Gill D P McQuillen J P van Putten L M Wetzler J Bramley H Crooke N J Parsons J A Cole H Smith 《Infection and immunity》1996,64(8):3374-3378
Previous studies indicate that sialylation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by host CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NANA) catalyzed by bacterial sialyltransferase rendered gonococci resistant to killing by phagocytes, to entry into epithelial cell lines, to killing by immune serum and complement, and to absorption of complement component C3. These results have been confirmed by comparing a sialyltransferase-deficient mutant (strain JB1) with its parent (strain F62) in appropriate tests. In contrast to F62, JB1 was very susceptible to killing by human polymorphonuclear phagocytes in opsonophagocytosis tests and incubation with CMP-NANA did not decrease the level of killing. The inherent resistance of F62 in these tests was probably due to LPS sialylation by CMP-NANA and lactate present in the phagocytes. A JB1 variant expressing the invasion-associated Opa protein was as able to enter Chang human conjunctiva epithelial cells as an Opa-positive variant of F62, suggesting that the sialyltransferase is not required for Opa-mediated entry. After incubation with CMP-NANA, the number of F62 variant gonococci entering cells but not that of JB1 variant gonococci was drastically reduced. Both JB1 and F62 were killed by incubation with rabbit antibody to gonococcal major outer membrane protein, protein I, and human complement, but only F62 was rendered resistant to the killing by incubation with CMP-NANA. Finally, both JB1 and F62 absorbed similar amounts of complement component C3 and the binding was decreased by incubation with CMP-NANA only for the wild type, F62. 相似文献
10.
Immunologic Memory Induced by a Glycoconjugate Vaccine in a Murine Adoptive Lymphocyte Transfer Model
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Hilde-Kari Guttormsen Lee M. Wetzler Robert W. Finberg Dennis L. Kasper 《Infection and immunity》1998,66(5):2026-2032
We have developed an adoptive cell transfer model in mice to study the ability of a glycoprotein conjugate vaccine to induce immunologic memory for the polysaccharide moiety. We used type III capsular polysaccharide from the clinically relevant pathogen group B streptococci conjugated to tetanus toxoid (GBSIII-TT) as our model vaccine. GBS are a major cause of neonatal infections in humans, and type-specific antibodies to the capsular polysaccharide protect against invasive disease. Adoptive transfer of splenocytes from mice immunized with the GBSIII-TT conjugate vaccine conferred anti-polysaccharide immunologic memory to naive recipient mice. The transfer of memory occurred in a dose-dependent manner. The observed anamnestic immune response was characterized by (i) more rapid kinetics, (ii) isotype switching from immunoglobulin M (IgM) to IgG, and (iii) 10-fold-higher levels of type III-specific IgG antibody than for the primary response in animals with cells transferred from placebo-immunized mice. The adoptive cell transfer model described in this paper can be used for at least two purposes: (i) to evaluate conjugate vaccines with different physicochemical properties for their ability to induce immunologic memory and (ii) to study the cellular interactions required for an immune response to these molecules. 相似文献