早期肠内复方谷氨酰胺在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的应用疗效

目的:分析早期肠内复方谷氨酰胺在重症胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)治疗中的应用疗效.方法:选取2012-01/2014-01青海红十字医院接收治疗的108例S A P患者.采用随机数表法将108例患者分为观察组和对照组,各54例.给予对照组患者早期肠内营养,给予观察组患者谷氨酰胺联合早期肠内营养.对比两组治疗后的疗效、肝肾功能和急性生理与慢性健康状况Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ)评分,并比较两组患者治疗前后血清肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factoral pha,TN F-α)、C反应蛋白(highsensitivity C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)、白介素1B(interleukin 1B,IL-1B)、IL-8、IL-6的水平.结果:治疗前两组患者的APACHEⅡ评分、谷丙转氨酶(alanine transaminase,ALT)、血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBIL)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate transaminase,AST)和Scr均高于治疗后,治疗后观察组患者的APACHEⅡ评分、ALT、BUN、TBIL、AST和Scr较对照组患者较低,比较两组间差异统计学具有意义(P0.05).治疗后两组患者的血清TNF-α、hs-CRP、IL-1B、IL-8、IL-6的水平与治疗前比较下降,IL-10升高,比较两组间差异统计学具有意义(P0.05).治疗后观察组患者的血清TNF-α、hs-CRP、IL-1B、IL-8、IL-6的水平均低于对照组患者,IL-10高于对照组患者,比较两组间差异统计学具有意义(P0.05).结论:早期肠内复方谷氨酰胺能够显著改善SAP患者的全身炎症状态,具有较好的临床疗效,可以在临床上进一步推广和使用.     

Intracerebroventricular infusion of neuropeptide Y up-regulates synthesis and accumulation of luteinizing hormone but not follicle stimulating hormone in the pituitary cells of prepubertal female lambs

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a putative neuroregulator of the reproductive axis in the central nervous system. In this study we evaluated the effects of central infusion of exogenous NPY on the secretory activity of pituitary gonadotrophic cells in prepubertal lambs. Immature female Merino sheep (n=12) were infused of Ringer solution (control) or 50 microg of NPY to the third ventricle for 5 min and then slaughtered 3 h later. Immunoreactive luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) cells were localised by immunohistochemistry using antibody raised against LHbeta and FSHbeta. Messenger RNA analyses were performed by in situ hybridisation using sense and antisense riboprobes produced from beta subunits of LH and FSH cDNA clones. The results were generated by computer image analysis to determine the area fraction occupied by immunoreactive and/or hybridising cells and optical density for immunostaining and hybridisation signal. LH in the blood plasma was determined by radioimmunoassay. It was found, that in the lambs infused with NPY the area fraction and optical density for immunoreactive LH cells and mRNA LHbeta-expressing cells increased significantly (P<0.001), compared to the vehicle-infused animals. The concentration of LH in the blood plasma did not differ between control and treated groups. The NPY infusions had no effect on the immunoreactivity of FSH cells or on expression of mRNA for FSHbeta. In conclusion we suggest that NPY may be an important component of mechanisms stimulating the synthesis and storage but not the release of LH in the pituitary gonadotrophs from prepubertal female sheep. In addition, this effect is specific for LH, no such effect was apparent on FSH.     

大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬煤尘颗粒的实验研究

本实验用相差显微电影、溶酶体荧光定位和透射电镜等方法,研究了大鼠离体肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬煤尘的作用,并用二氧化矽和酵母菌作实验对照。结果表明,煤尘颗粒同二氧化矽类似,经过附着,迅速以吞噬体形式被摄入胞浆,而酵母菌呈典型的伪足包围和缓幔吞噬过程。实验证明,用吖啶橙作活细胞溶酶体定位是有效的。被标记的溶酶体发出强橙色荧光。当煤粒吞噬体进入胞浆后,常被多个溶酶体接触包围,形成次级溶酶体。电镜观察提示,煤尘可引起次级溶酶体膜的损害。     

Molecular cloning and expression of a novel alternative splice variant of BRDT gene

In this study, a human adult testis cDNA microarray was constructed and hybridized with (33)P-labeled human adult testis, embryo testis and sperm cDNA probes, respectively. A novel alternative splice variant of BRDT gene, named BRDT-NY, presumably involved in testicular function was cloned. It was expressed 3.96-fold more in human adult than embryo testis and also expressed in human spermatozoa. Similarly, RT-PCR revealed a differential expression pattern of this gene in human adult testes and fetal testes. The full length of BRDT-NY was 3438 bp and contained a 2883 bp open reading frame, encoding a 960-amino-acid protein. Sequence analysis showed that it has two bromodomains in N-terminal of the protein. Multiple tissue RT-PCR results showed that BRDT-NY was exclusively expressed in testis. mRNA expression of BRDT-NY gene was deleted in some azoospermic patients' testes. These experiments suggested that BRDT-NY gene may have an important role in the process of spermatogenesis and may be correlated with male infertility.     

乌司他丁对失血性休克大鼠的保护作用及其机制的研究

目的：探讨乌司他丁对失血性休克大鼠的保护作用及其机制。 方法： 采用前瞻对照研究，用Chaudry方法（略作改动）复制大鼠失血性休克模型，60 min后回输血液和生理盐水进行复苏，部分加用乌司他丁治疗。检测不同时相的血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、丙二醛（MDA）及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的表达水平。 结果： 大鼠失血性休克与复苏后血清TNF-α、IL-6及MDA含量均明显升高，SOD含量减少。用乌司他丁治疗后大鼠的血压、心率明显改善；血清TNF-α、IL-6及MDA含量均明显下降，SOD含量无明显变化。 结论： 乌司他丁通过抑制细胞因子的生成、减少氧化损伤而对失血性休克大鼠起保护作用。     

妥泰治疗癫痫临床疗效观察

目的：探讨妥泰对各种类型癫痫的疗效及副作用。方法：将32例各种类型的癫痫患者随机分为治疗组、对照组进行疗效对比。结果：治疗组总有效率73．3％,对照组总有效率47．1％,P＜0．01,两组疗效有显著性差异。副反应的发生率治疗组占33．3％,对照组占52．9％,P＜0．05,两组之间亦有显著性差异。结论：妥泰对各种类型的癫痫不仅疗效显著而且出现的副反应相对较少。     

64例狼疮性肾炎大剂量环磷酰胺冲击治疗的研究

目的　观察大剂量环磷酰胺冲击治疗狼疮性肾炎的疗效。方法　对 6 4例狼疮肾炎 ( L N ,其尿红细胞 >10个 /高倍视野 ,2 4小时尿蛋白 >1g,血肌酐 >133μmol/ L )进行大剂量环磷酰胺 ( CTX)冲击治疗 (每月 1次 ,共 6次 ,其后每 3月 1次 ,共 6次 )。结果　 49例 L N患者达到肾脏损害缓解 ( 2 4小时尿蛋白 <1g;血肌酐 <133μmol/ L ;尿沉渣内红细胞 <10个 /高倍视野 ;尿管型消失 )。达到肾脏病变缓解所需冲击次数平均为 3.6次 ( 1～8次 )。每次用 CTX剂量均数 1.1g( 0 .6～ 1.6 g)。副作用有闭经 (发生率 33% ) ;带状疱疹 (发生率 13% ) ;出血性膀胱炎 1例。结论　此治疗方案治疗 L N有效 ,安全 ,副作用小     

胚胎干细胞的研究进展

人类胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)系自1998年建立以来,在细胞定向分化方面已取得显著成绩。本文对ES细胞与妇产科的关系及其生物学特性、体外培养及定向分化、应用前景等进行综述。     

Incidence and predictors of depression after stroke (DAS)

Objective. Depression after stroke (DAS) poses a treble burden to patients, families and health care system. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the incidence of depression among first-ever ischemic stroke patients and identify the predictors of DAS. Methods. A longitudinal study design was undertaken. Of 836 patients admitted to the stroke unit of two regional hospitals in Hong Kong during the period 1 June 2004 to 31 May 2005, 295 patients fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 260 patients had given their consents and were interviewed at 1 month after stroke onset. Results. Nearly one-quarter of the first ischemic stroke patients, who were known to be free of personal and family history of psychiatric illnesses, were found to satisfy the criteria of depression using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV (24%, 48 out of 200 participants; 95% CI: 18.6%, 30.4%). This result was close to that assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) – 15 items. The psycho-emotional factor and level of dependency were found to be most significant predictors for DAS onset. Conclusion. The high incidence of DAS and low rate of accessibility to treatment indicate timely action to be undertaken.