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1.
Clinical aspects of pelvic inflammatory disease 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common and poorly managed condition.
Untreated or inadequately treated, it leads to tubal infertility, ectopic
pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain. Diagnostic difficulties are compounded
by the wide variety of clinical presentations and the insensitivity and
poor specificity of laboratory tests. Better recognition of mild and
atypical disease needs a high index of suspicion whenever young, sexually
active women present with gynaecological symptoms. Laparoscopy supplemented
by microbiological tests and fimbrial minibiopsy should be regarded as the
diagnostic 'gold standard' for research studies; new studies are required
to identify techniques which might reduce under- and over-diagnosis. Early
treatment reduces the risk of an adverse effect on fertility. Any
therapeutic regimen selected should be effective against the common
aetiological agents Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, genital
mycoplasmas and aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Since at least 60% of cases
of PID can be attributed to infection with a sexually transmitted organism,
partner notification forms an essential part of management.
相似文献
2.
Dabis Maleate (1,4-bis(2'-chloroethyl)-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.1] Heptane dihydrogen dimaleate) (NSC 262666) is an alkylating quaternary nitrogen compound. In a previous phase I study using a once-every-3-weeks administration the dose-limiting toxicity was neurotoxicity and the recommended dose for phase II studies was 750 mg/m2 iv every 3 weeks. In vitro studies suggested a higher activity after more frequent administration, and in vivo studies a better therapeutic index with prolonged infusion. We studied 11 patients with solid tumors. Dose levels tested ranged from 250-750 mg/m2, either as a day 1-3 regimen or weekly, the latter as bolus administration or as prolonged infusion. The dose-limiting toxicity was neurotoxicity consisting of paresthesias and ataxia. Nausea and vomiting were moderate. No other major toxicity was observed. The dose recommended for phase II studies is 500 mg/m2/week as a 6-hour iv infusion for 6 weeks, followed by a 3-week rest period. 相似文献
3.
S B Kaye J Wanders M Clavel J Verweij M J Piccart J F Smyth W W Ten Bokkel Huinink D J Wagener I R Judson F Cavalli 《Annals of oncology》1992,3(5):406-408
A total of 91 eligible patients with metastatic cancer have been treated in a series of phase II trials of the novel pentacyclic pyrroloquinone, fosquidone. Tumour types were breast (24), ovary (25), head and neck (21) and melanoma (21). All patients, except those with melanoma had received prior chemotherapy. The drug was given intravenously as a 20 min infusion, at the dose of 120 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5 of a 3 week cycle. Treatment was well tolerated; the only significant side-effects being mild headaches and generalised musculo-skeletal pains. Response was assessed after 2 cycles of therapy. Only one patient (with head and neck cancer) achieved an objective partial response, lasting 6 weeks. A total of 12 patients demonstrated stable disease for a median duration of 15 to 20 weeks. Using this schedule of administration, fosquidone has no significant antitumour activity in this group of tumours. 相似文献
4.
A. S. Planting M. E. van der Burg M. de Boer-Dennert G. Stoter J. Verweij 《British journal of cancer》1993,68(4):789-792
Twenty-five patients with advanced solid tumours were entered in a phase I/II study of six, weekly cycles of cisplatin. Nineteen patients were chemonaive and six were previously treated. The starting dose was 50 mg m-2 week-1. This dose could be escalated without major toxicity to 70 mg m-2 week-1. At a dose of 80 mg m-2 myelosuppression grade 3 occurred as well as grade 1 nephro- and neurotoxicity. The maximum tolerated dose was 85 mg m-2 with dose limiting thrombocytopenia. Hypertonic saline was effective in preventing nephrotoxicity. Ondansetron was a very effective antiemetic in the first weeks of treatment but its efficacy waned later on. Responses were observed in head and neck cancer, melanoma and mesothelioma. At the dose level of 80 mg m-2 the optimal dose intensity was reached. This schedule will be tested further in phase II studies. 相似文献
5.
J H Schornagel J Verweij P H de Mulder F Cognetti J B Vermorken P Cappelaere J P Armand J Wildiers M Clavel A Kirkpatrick 《Annals of oncology》1992,3(3):223-226
Forty-seven patients with advanced and/or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with 10-ethyl-10-deaza-aminopterin (10-EdAM), a new analogue of methotrexate. The drug was given as a weekly i.v. bolus injection, starting at 80 mg/m2 with two dose increments of 10% if no toxicity was observed after two weeks. Only patients with tumors of the larynx, oral cavity, oropharynx and hypopharynx were included in the trial. Eighty-two percent of the patients had had prior surgery and/or radiotherapy. Forty-four patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. Five CR (12%) and five PR were obtained, yielding a response rate of 24% (CR+PR). The toxicity was similar to that usually seen with methotrexate; stomatitis and skin toxicity were rather pronounced. The data suggest that 10-EdAM has activity similar to that of methotrexate in patients with head and neck cancer. 相似文献
6.
Screening for early ovarian cancer 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
7.
P. H. E. Hilkens J. Verweij Ch. J. Vecht G. Stoter M. J. van den Bent 《Annals of oncology》1997,8(2):187-190
Background: Docetaxel, a semi-synthetic taxane may cause a usuallymild sensory neuropathy. We describe the clinical characteristics of fivepatients who developed a more severe neuropathy following treatment withdocetaxel.Patients and methods: All patients were treated in phase II studieswith 100 mg/m2 docetaxel in three weekly cycles, withoutsteroid administration.Results: The clinical picture in these patients was dominated by asensory neuropathy, but in one case severe weakness was present. Anotherpatient developed Lhermitte's sign. Signs and symptoms are usually reversibleafter discontinuation of docetaxel administration, but in three patientssymptoms worsened for some time after the end of treatment before improvementoccurred.Conclusion: Severe docetaxel neuropathy may especially occurfollowing treatment with cumulative dosage over 600 mg/m2; inpatients treated with this dosage a moderate or severe neuropathy may not berare. 相似文献
8.
P. H. Cox J. Verweij M. Pillay G. Stoter D. Schonfeld 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》1988,14(1):50-52
111In-antimyosin monoclonal antibody complex passes through damaged myocardial cell membranes and binds to the intracellular myosin. Normal myocardial and other muscle cells show no uptake.Rhabdomyosarcoma and Leiomyosarcoma cells also contain intracellular myosin.and the cell membrane permeability is greater than normal. Significant uptake of 111In-antimyosin was observed in patient with Leiomyosarcoma and Rhabdomyosarcoma suggesting that the reagent has a potential for the in vivo detection of these tumour types. Tumour to background ratios of 10:1 were measured in one case and in view of the fact that the site of accumulation is intracellular, antimyosin may have a potential as a carrier for therapeutic agents. 相似文献
9.
C. J. Gerrits M. J. de Jonge J. H. Schellens G. Stoter J. Verweij 《British journal of cancer》1997,76(7):952-962
Topoisomerase I inhibitors constitute a new class of anti-cancer agents. Recently, topotecan and irinotecan were registered for clinical use in ovarian cancer and colorectal cancer respectively. Cytotoxicity of topoisomerase I inhibitors is S-phase specific, and in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that, for efficacy, prolonged exposure might be more important than short-term exposure to high concentration. Clinical development of those topoisomerase I inhibitors that have reached this stage is also focused on schedules aiming to achieve prolonged exposure. In this review, we summarize all published preclinical studies on this topic for topoisomerase I inhibitors in clinical development, namely 20-S-camptothecin, 9-nitro-camptothecin, 9-amino-camptothecin, topotecan, irinotecan and GI147211. In addition, preliminary data on clinical studies concerning this topic are also reviewed. The data suggest that prolonged exposure may indeed be relevant for anti-tumour activity. However, the optimal schedule is yet to be determined. Finally, clinical data are yet too immature to draw definitive conclusions. 相似文献
10.
Incidence and determinants of moderate COPD (GOLD II) in male smokers aged 40–65 years: 5-year follow up 下载免费PDF全文
Roeland MM Geijer Alfred PE Sachs Theo JM Verheij Philippe L Salom Jan-Willem J Lammers Arno W Hoes 《The British journal of general practice》2006,56(530):656-661
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health problem with an estimated prevalence of 10-15% among smokers. The incidence of moderate COPD, as defined by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), is largely unknown. AIM: To determine the cumulative incidence of moderate COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio [FEV1/FVC] <0.7 and FEV1 <80% predicted) and its association with patient characteristics in a cohort of male smokers. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: The city of IJsselstein, a small town in the Netherlands. METHOD: Smokers aged 40-65 years who were registered with local GPs, participated in a study to identify undetected COPD. Baseline measurements were taken in 1998 of 399 smokers with normal spirometry (n = 292) or mild COPD (FEV1/FVC <0.7 and FEV1 >or=80% predicted, n = 107) and follow-up measurements were conducted in 2003. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 5.2 years, 33 participants developed moderate COPD (GOLD II). This showed an estimated cumulative incidence of 8.3% (95% CI = 5.8 to 11.4) and a mean annual incidence of 1.6%. No participant developed severe airflow obstruction. The risk of developing moderate COPD in smokers with baseline mild COPD (GOLD I) was five times higher than in those with baseline normal spirometry (one in five versus one in 25). CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of middle-aged male smokers, the estimated cumulative incidence of moderate COPD (GOLD II) over 5 years was relatively high (8.3%). Age, childhood smoking, cough, and one or more GP contacts for lower respiratory tract problems were independently associated with incident moderate COPD. 相似文献