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1.
Stimulation of nonspecific resistance to infection induced by muramyl dipeptide analogs substituted in the gamma-carboxyl group and evaluation of N alpha-muramyl dipeptide-N epsilon-stearoyllysine. 总被引:1,自引:5,他引:1
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Stimulation of resistance to infection induced by the analogs of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) having substituted functions in the gamma-carboxyl group of D-isoglutamyl residue was examined in experimental Escherichia coli infections in mice. An MDP analog which is an efficient strengthener of resistance to infection, N alpha-MDP-N epsilon-stearoyllysine [MDP-Lys(L18)], was selected through the comparative assessment of a number of compounds in three categories: (i) gamma-alkylamides, (ii) gamma-esters, and (iii) N alpha-MDP-N epsilon-acyllysine derivatives. Furthermore, the antiinfectious activity of MDP-Lys(L18) was evaluated bacteriologically in comparison with that of MDP. The effect of MDP-Lys(L18) on the susceptibility of mice to infections with various species of microorganisms was studied. Protective activity was greatest against E. coli and staphylococcal infections, considerable against Pseudomonas and Candida infections, and least against Klebsiella infection. The effects of bacterial inoculum size and MDP treatment timing, dose, and route of administration on protective activity were studied. The efficacy of MDP-Lys(L18) in protection tests was demonstrated for all administration routes, even the oral. Its high potency was confirmed by the smaller influence of inoculum size and particularly small value of the minimum dosage required for inducing protective activity. A decrease in bacterial survival was observed in the blood and organs of mice treated with the analog and infected with E. coli. The following two useful effects were obtained: the synergistic effect of glycopeptide and chemotherapeutic agents and the stimulation of resistance to infection in animals immunocompromised by cyclophosphamide treatment. 相似文献
2.
Yoshiji Asaoka Tokuma Yanai Haruko Hirayama Yumi Une Eriko Saito Hiroki Sakai 《Avian pathology》2004,33(1):19-24
Sporadic outbreaks of fatal enteritis occurred among free-living wild crows (‘large billed’ or ‘wok’ crow; Corvus macrorhynchos) in an open-air park in Japan in 2002. Eight crows were found dead during February, followed by two more in September, and five of the eight were examined histopathologically. At necropsy, all cases showed a markedly dilated small intestine, especially the jejunum and ileum, with large amounts of gas, and dark red to greenish–brown soft content. The necrotic intestinal wall was markedly thickened with multifocal haemorrhages. All cases had multifocal white foci in the liver, and four cases showed marked splenomegaly. Histologically, there was severe necrotic enteritis characterized by extensive mucosal necrosis and multifocal haemorrhages, as well as inflammatory cell infiltrations. A prominent pseudo-membrane formation was noted in the affected intestine. Severe adhesive peritonitis was also observed in three cases. Gram-positive bacilli were present in large numbers in the lumen, and in and around necrotic lesions in the affected intestine. The bacilli were positive for Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin type A by immunohistochemistry, and were also positive for C. perfringens type A using the immunofluorescence method. C. perfringens was isolated by anaerobic culture from the intestinal contents. The present enteritis was thought to be induced by proliferated C. perfringens in the intestine, and to be the cause of death. 相似文献
3.
Conclusion Nous pensons que nous devons clairement préciser non seulement la distribution des branches de la v. porte, mais aussi celle des v. hépatiques drainant une tumeur afin de faciliter au mieux la résection hépatique à réaliser tout en conservant un maximum de parenchyme fonctionnel. Lorsqu'un segment doit être réséqué, il est nécessaire d'étudier la morphologie des veines et de leurs branches par phlébographie hépatique préopératoire afin de bien préciser les limites de la résection en fonction du siège de la tumeur. 相似文献
4.
Y Momose A Kaetsu T Ishii K Shibata M Miyazaki M Moriyama H Une 《Nihon eiseigaku zasshi. Japanese journal of hygiene》1999,54(2):474-480
Leptin, a product of the ob gene, is thought to play a key role in the regulation of adiposity. However, it is unclear in humans as to whether or not leptin influences the blood pressure, serum lipids, physical activity level, or eating behavior in relation to obesity. Recent reports have indicated both gender-based differences in the leptin levels and a correlation of the percentage of body fat with leptin levels has been observed among obese subjects. As far as we know, these relationships among non-obese young adults have yet to be studied. Therefore, the serum leptin concentrations among 107 non-obese students (72 males and 35 females) were measured by a radioimmunoassay(RIA). Fasting leptin levels ranging between 1.2 and 23.4 ng/mL were observed in all subjects, and the levels among females were 2.6 times higher than in males (7.64 vs 2.95 ng/mL; p < 0.001). A close correlation was observed regarding the log-transformed leptin levels with the percentage of body fat as determined by the bioelectrical impedance analysis method(r = 0.734, p < 0.001 in males and r = 0.579, p < 0.001 in females). In conclusion, these data thus suggest the serum leptin levels among non-obese students show significant gender-based differences while, in addition, the leptin levels also correlate positively with the percentage of body fat. However, it remains unclear as to whether or not the leptin levels are independently related to the blood pressure, serum lipids, physical activity level (sports activity and leisure-time activity), and eating behavior (eating breakfast, mid-day snacking and nighttime snacking). 相似文献
5.
We report the case of primary hepatic carcinoid tumor of which diagnosis was made by fine needle biopsy of a liver mass. The patient was treated successfully by left hepatic trisegmentectomy. This patient presented with complaints of generalized fatigue, but denied the presence of flushing, diarrhea, or other endocrine symptoms. Physical examination was unremarkable. A biopsy specimen revealed Grimelius stained cells that were immunoreactive for chromogranin A. Careful pre- and intraoperative examinations revealed no other primary lesions. Argyrophilia of the tumor cells suggested that the tumor was of fore five cases of primary hepatic carcinoid tumors previously reported in the literature are also reviewed. 相似文献
6.
Tomoka Tabata Yuki Kuramoto Tomohito Ohtani Hiroshi Miyawaki Yohei Miyashita Fusako Sera Hidetaka Kioka Shuichiro Higo Yoshihiro Asano Shungo Hikoso Yasushi Sakata 《Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)》2022,61(13):1987
Phospholamban p.Arg14del is reported to cause hereditary cardiomyopathy with malignant ventricular tachycardia (VT) and advanced heart failure. However, the clinical courses of Japanese cardiomyopathy patients with phospholamban p.Arg14del remain uncharacterized. We identified five patients with this variant. All patients were diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), developed end-stage heart failure and experienced VT requiring implantable cardioverter defibrillator discharge. Four patients survived after implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD), while one patient who refused LVAD implantation died of heart failure. Based on the severe course of the disease, we propose genetic screening for phospholamban p.Arg14del in DCM patients. 相似文献
7.
Ohfuji Satoko Matsuura Tomoka Tamori Akihiro Kubo Shoji Sasaki Satoshi Kondo Kyoko Ito Kazuya Fukushima Wakaba 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2021,66(6):2118-2128
Digestive Diseases and Sciences - Hepatocellular carcinoma develops in some patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV), even after achieving sustained virological response (SVR). We examined factors... 相似文献
8.
Hiroyoshi Machida Yoko Shibata Sumito Inoue Akira Igarashi Yoshikane Tokairin Keiko Yamauchi Tomomi Kimura Kento Sato Hiroshi Nakano Michiko Nishiwaki Maki Kobayashi Sujeong Yang Yukihiro Minegishi Kodai Furuyama Tomoka Yamamoto Tetsu Watanabe Tsuneo Konta Yoshiyuki Ueno Isao Kubota 《Respiratory investigation》2018,56(1):34-39
Background
Diabetes has been reported as a comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Western countries, but it has not been demonstrated in epidemiological reports in Japan. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether the relationship between airflow obstruction and diabetes can be confirmed in a Japanese general population.Methods
From 2004 to 2006, blood sampling and pulmonary function tests were performed on 3045 people over the age of 40 years in annual health check-ups held in Takahata, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. Pulmonary function was re-evaluated in 2009 and 2011.Results
The prevalence of diabetes did not differ between subjects with and without airflow obstruction. Furthermore, although body mass index decreased, no increase in the prevalence of diabetes was observed with the progression of airflow obstruction. The annual changes in forced expiration volume in 1 s (FEV1) did not differ depending on the presence or absence of diabetes in the study population.Conclusion
There was no difference in the prevalence of diabetes between subjects with airflow obstruction and those without. As patients with COPD in Japan are thinner than in the West, diabetes may not be a common comorbidity in Japanese patients with COPD. 相似文献9.
Takao Sudo Yasutaka Motomura Daisuke Okuzaki Tetsuo Hasegawa Takafumi Yokota Junichi Kikuta Tomoka Ao Hiroki Mizuno Takahiro Matsui Daisuke Motooka Ryosuke Yoshizawa Takashi Nagasawa Yuzuru Kanakura Kazuyo Moro Masaru Ishii 《The Journal of experimental medicine》2021,218(5)
The cell-cycle status of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) becomes activated following chemotherapy-induced stress, promoting bone marrow (BM) regeneration; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here we show that BM-resident group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) support the recovery of HSPCs from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)–induced stress by secreting granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Mechanistically, IL-33 released from chemo-sensitive B cell progenitors activates MyD88-mediated secretion of GM-CSF in ILC2, suggesting the existence of a B cell–ILC2 axis for maintaining hematopoietic homeostasis. GM-CSF knockout mice treated with 5-FU showed severe loss of myeloid lineage cells, causing lethality, which was rescued by transferring BM ILC2s from wild-type mice. Further, the adoptive transfer of ILC2s to 5-FU–treated mice accelerates hematopoietic recovery, while the reduction of ILC2s results in the opposite effect. Thus, ILC2s may function by “sensing” the damaged BM spaces and subsequently support hematopoietic recovery under stress conditions. 相似文献