Morphofunctional changes in the small intestine of children with food allergy

Children with food allergy underwent allergologic and gastroenterologic examinations using esophagogastroduodenojejunoscopy. Impairment of the jejunum in the form of jejunitis associated with function abnormality as shown by the loading tests was revealed. It is concluded that the given patients: group should be examined for the morphofunctional status of the upper gastrointestinal tract.     

Synthesis of 21-esters of hydrocortisone with glycine and glutamic acid and study of their pharmacological activity

Translated from Khimiko-farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 26–29, March, 1990.     

A new bone/blood index in the study of labelled citrate metabolism in rat bones in fracture, deafferentation, rickets, and caries

A new bone/blood index has been developed which is calculated by dividing % of radionuclide inclusion in the bones by % of the inclusion in the serum. Graphic image of the index changes with time is significantly more demonstrative than digital tables and allows one not only easily measure distribution of the labelled compound between fractions diluted in the blood and sorbed on the bone but also specify a major direction of their transport between blood and bone. The index confirms the presence of biphasic primary fast but weak physical adsorption and secondary slow and strong chemisorption. This was established by the study of time course of the labelled citrate in intact rats of different age as well as in fracture and bone innervation defect, in rickets and dental caries. The proposed index can be applied in investigation of various diseases.     

Prognostic significance of pathological and biological factors in hepatocellular carcinoma

Prognostic factors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) conventionally consist of staging with the tumour node metastasis system and grading by tumour cellular differentiation. There are also other factors useful in prognostication but most of them are clinical. With new discoveries in the pathobiology of cancers and introduction of new medical technology, pathological and biological factors of HCC in relation to prognosis have been studied quite extensively. Morphological features of the tumour, both gross and histological, have been found to be significantly related to tumour recurrence and patient survival. Recently, applications of new antibodies and techniques have enabled studies on cellular proliferation using different antibodies such as those for proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 protein. These studies on cellular proliferation, as well as assessment of argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions, have been shown to provide good prognostic significance. Flow cytometric studies on DNA ploidy and studies on expression of genes including the p53 gene, hormone receptors and others show less unanimous results in their prognostic significance. The influence of gender on survival is also reviewed. In conclusion, pathological and biological factors are useful and help to guide clinicians in the management of patients and in assessment of long-term prognosis.     

Mechanisms of an antioxidative action of erythrocytes in experimental ophthalmoherpes infection

Experimental ophthalmoherpes infection activates free-radical oxidation in red cells from rabbit and rat peripheral blood, inhibits catalase activity, enhances activity of superoxide dismutase demonstrating changed antioxidative defense at early stages of herpes infection.     

Biochemical characteristics of hepatic functions in different clinical forms of chronic opisthorchiasis

The main biochemical indices of hepatic functions (the activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-amylase, choline esterase and the concentrations of total bilirubin, cholesterol, and glucose) were studied in the sera of 256 patients with chronic opisthorchiasis. It was found that with diseases manifested in different clinical forms (cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholangiocholecystitis, cholangiohepatitis, cholecystitis in combination with pancreatitis), most study indices are within the normal ranges, but significantly differ from the means in a group of apparently healthy individuals. The findings suggest that such clinical forms of opisthorchiais as cholangiocholecystitis and cholangiohepatitis are characterized by manifestations of cytolysis and cholestasis, as cholecystitis is manifested by cytolysis, as cholecystitis in combination with pancreatitis, by cholestasis, and as cholangitis, by cholestasis and hepatic cell insufficiency. It is possible that further studies will provide evidence for how to correct detected disorders during pathogenetic therapy.     

Prognostic importance of soluble CD23 in B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Soluble CD23 (sCD23) was proposed as a marker of disease activity and as an important prognostic parameter in B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL). In this study, prognostic significance of sCD23 in B‐CLL was examined according to its temporal relationship with the known clinical parameters of the disease, CD38 and ZAP‐70. Serum sCD23 levels of 36 B‐CLL patients, followed up in our clinic between 1999 and 2005, and 15 healthy subjects were measured with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The mean serum sCD23 level of the B‐CLL patients (210.72 ± 193.67 and 6–600 U/ml) was significantly higher than the control group (18.20 ± 14.30 and 6–50 U/ml). Seventy‐eight percent of the B‐CLL patients with lymphocyte doubling time (LDT) <12 months and 24% of patients with LDT >12 months had high sCD23 levels (P = 0.008). Meanwhile, 81% of the patients with diffuse bone marrow infiltration and 33% of patients with nondiffuse infiltration had high levels of serum sCD23 (P = 0.029). A significant difference was found between B‐CLL patients with Binet stages A and C (P = 0.009). Peripheral blood flow cytometry of the patients revealed a significant CD38 expression in patients with high serum sCD23 levels (P = 0.002). Similarly, an increased bone marrow zeta‐chain associated protein kinase‐70 (ZAP‐70) expression was seen in patients with high serum sCD23 levels (P = 0.009, correlation co‐efficient was 0.714). Cumulative and the progression free survivals of the patients with low serum sCD23 levels were 60.1 ± 5.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI); 49.0–71.2] and 51.1 ± 6.6 months (95% CI; 38.0–64.1), respectively. However, they were 43.8 ± 6.5 months (95% CI; 31.0–56.6) and 26.5 ± 6.4 months (95% CI; 14.0–39.1) in patients with high levels. Serum sCD23 is increased in B‐CLL patients and can be used in the clinical follow‐up of the disease in prediction of the tumor mass and prognosis.