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Little attention has been directed toward inappropriate social and sexual approaches by patients with dementia diagnoses and
organic disorders of the brain. A female student who approached patients who had dementia and organic brain disorders was
frequently approached and touched in a sexual manner that was distressing to her and led her to believe that she was behaving
in a manner that elicited these responses. It is recommended that students and volunteers be prepared for experience in settings
with patients with these diagnoses through individual or group discussion, training and role playing as a way of enhancing
their experiences and avoiding unnecessary feelings of guilt and embarrassment. 相似文献
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IgG subclass antibodies to serogroup B meningococcal outer membrane antigens following infection and vaccination 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
H Sjursen E Wedege E Rosenqvist A Naess A Halstensen R Matre C O Solberg 《APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica》1990,98(12):1061-1069
IgG and IgG subclass antibodies to the outer membrane antigens from Neisseria meningitidis (serogroup B, serotype 15:P1.16) were quantitated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera from 40 patients with group B:15:P1.16 meningococcal disease and 24 volunteers immunized with a serotype 15:P1.16 outer membrane vesicle vaccine. A second injection was given 6 weeks after the first immunization. Patient sera obtained two and six weeks after onset of the disease had significantly higher levels of total IgG, IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 antibodies to the outer membrane antigens than acute sera, convalescent sera from patients with systemic non-meningococcal bacterial infections and sera from healthy controls. The levels of total IgG and IgG1 remained high one and three years later. Sera from the vaccinees showed high levels of total IgG and IgG1 6, 12 and 26 weeks after the first immunization and high levels of IgG3 6 weeks after the second immunization. No increase of IgG2 or IgG4 levels was observed in the postimmunization sera. Immunoblotting of three convalescent sera demonstrated individual patterns of IgG subclass binding to various outer membrane antigens with most distinct binding of IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies to the class I protein, the H.8 lipoprotein and the lipopolysaccharide. Since IgG1 and IgG3 are the most effective antibodies for complement activation and phagocytosis, group B meningococcal disease and immunization with the serotype 15:P1.16 outer membrane vesicle vaccine stimulate production of those IgG subclasses which have the strongest opsonic and bactericidal activity. 相似文献
6.
Peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus aureus induce tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-10 production in both T cells and monocytes in a human whole blood model 下载免费PDF全文
Wang JE Jørgensen PF Almlöf M Thiemermann C Foster SJ Aasen AO Solberg R 《Infection and immunity》2000,68(7):3965-3970
7.
Recently, a commercial system capable of x-ray image guided patient positioning and respiratory gated delivery has become available. Here we describe the operational principles of this system and investigate its geometric targeting accuracy under controlled conditions. The system tracks breathing via infrared (IR) detection of reflective markers located on the patient's abdomen. Localization kilovoltage (kV) x-rays are triggered from within the gated delivery window portion of the breathing trace and after positioning, the tumour will cross the linac isocentre during gated delivery. We tested geometric accuracy of this system by localizing and delivering gated fields to a moving phantom. Effects of phantom speed, gating window location, timing errors and phantom rotations on positioning and gating accuracy were investigated. The system delivered gated fields to both a moving and static phantom with equal accuracy. The position of the gating window affects accuracy only to the extent that an asymmetric breathing motion could affect dose distribution within its boundaries. Positioning errors were found to be less then 0.5 +/- 0.2 mm for phantom rotations up to 5 degrees. We found and corrected a synchronization error caused by a faulty x-ray duration setting and detected a 60 +/- 20 ms time delay in our linear accelerator. 相似文献
8.
Ahmadiyeh N Churchill GA Solberg LC Baum AE Shimomura K Takahashi JS Redei EE 《Behavior genetics》2005,35(2):189-198
A genome-wide scan was carried out on a segregating F2 population of rats derived from reciprocal intercrosses between two inbred strains of rats, Fisher 344 (F344) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) that differ significantly in their behavioral coping responses to stress measured by the defensive burying (DB) test. The DB test measures differences in coping strategies by assaying an animals behavioral response to an immediate threat. We have previously identified three X-linked loci contributing to the phenotypic variance in behavioral coping. Here we report on six significant autosomal quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to different behaviors in the DB test:one for the number of shocks received, three for number of prod approaches, one for latency to bury, and one pleiotropic locus affecting both approach and latency. These QTL contributing to different aspects of coping behaviors show that the effect of genotype on phenotype is highly dependent on lineage. The WKY lineage was particularly influential, with five out of the six QTL affecting coping behavior only in rats of the WKY lineage, and one locus affecting only those in the F344 lineage. Thus, epigenetic factors, primarily of WKY origin, may significantly modulate the genetic contribution to variance in behavioral responses to stress in the DB test. 相似文献
9.
A leaf sequencing algorithm has been implemented to deliver segmental and dynamic multileaf collimated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SMLC-IMRT and DMLC-IMRT, respectively) using a linear accelerator equipped with a micro-multileaf collimator (mMLC). The implementation extends a previously published algorithm for the SMLC-IMRT to include the dynamic MLC-IMRT method and several dosimetric considerations. The algorithm has been extended to account for the transmitted radiation and minimize the leakage between opposing and neighboring leaves. The underdosage problem associated with the tongue-and-groove design of the MLC is significantly reduced by synchronizing the MLC leaf movements. The workings of the leaf sequencing parameters have been investigated and the results of the planar dosimetric investigations show that the sequencing parameters affect the measured dose distributions as intended. Investigations of clinical cases suggest that SMLC and DMLC delivery methods produce comparable results with leaf sequences obtained by root-mean-square (RMS) errors specification of 1.5% and lower, approximately corresponding to 20 or more segments. For SMLC-IMRT, there is little to be gained by using an RMS error specification smaller than 2%, approximately corresponding to 15 segments; however, more segments directly translate to longer treatment time and more strain on the MLC. The implemented leaf synchronization method does not increase the required monitor units while it reduces the measured TG underdoses from a maximum of 12% to a maximum of 3% observed with single field measurements of representative clinical cases studied. 相似文献
10.
Borgen Nicolai Topstad Olweus Dan Kirkebøen Lars Johannessen Breivik Kyrre Solberg Mona Elin Frønes Ivar Cross Donna Raaum Oddbjørn 《Prevention science》2021,22(8):1147-1158
Prevention Science - The effectiveness of bullying prevention programs has led to expectations that these programs could have effects beyond their primary goals. By reducing the number of victims... 相似文献