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1.
Carter R Coberley Gary A Puckrein Angela C Dobbs Matthew A McGinnis Sadie S Coberley Dexter W Shurney 《Disease management》2007,10(3):147-155
In addition to race and ethnicity, specific geographic regions are associated with poorer outcomes of care. Individuals with diabetes experiencing health disparities typically have worse long-term outcomes, such as increased diabetes complications and mortality. Zip code mapping, or geocoding, was utilized in this study to identify regions of the United States with high diabetes prevalence rates and to identify areas with high densities of minority populations. Use of this methodology to examine the effect of disease management on a large, diverse diabetes population revealed greater improvement in clinical testing rates in health disparity zones compared with members living outside of these areas. In particular, significant improvement was achieved by members living in minority zip codes and by members aged 65 years or older. These findings demonstrate that members living in areas of health disparity obtain even greater benefit from diabetes disease management program participation, helping to reduce gaps in care. 相似文献
2.
Repeated restraint stress (3 h/day for 3 days) causes a chronic down-regulation of body weight in rats. This study determined whether weight loss was influenced by the time of day that rats had access to food or that stress was applied. Groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a 40% kcal fat diet with food given ad libitum, only during the light phase or only during the dark phase. After 2 weeks of adaptation, rats within each feeding treatment were divided into four groups. One was exposed to repeated restraint at the start of the light phase, another was restrained at the start of the dark phase and the remaining groups were nonstressed controls for restrained rats. Body weight was significantly reduced in ad libitum- and dark-fed restrained rats, compared with nonstressed controls, from Day 2 of restraint, regardless of the time of day that they were stressed. There was no significant effect of restraint on weight change of light-fed rats. Food intake was inhibited by stress in ad libitum- and dark-fed rats, but it was not changed in light-fed rats. Serum corticosterone was increased by restraint in all rats irrespective of feeding schedule. This study demonstrates that stress-induced weight loss only occurs when rats have food available during their normal feeding period (dark phase) and is not determined by increased corticosterone release. 相似文献
3.
Maternal and Child Health Journal - Colonization with Group B Streptococcus in pregnancy is a major risk factor for neonatal infection. Universal screening for maternal streptococcal colonization... 相似文献
4.
Carlo Palmieri Rob C. Stein Xinxue Liu Emma Hudson Hanna Nicholas Hironobu Sasano Fouzia Guestini Chris Holcombe Sophie Barrett Laura Kenny Sadie Reed Adrian Lim Larry Hayward Sacha Howell R. Charles Coombes On behalf of the IRIS
trial participants 《Breast cancer research and treatment》2017,162(2):343-352
Purpose
High mammographic breast density (BD) is a strong risk factor of breast cancer; however, little is known in women under 40 years of age. Recently, dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) has been developed as a low-dose method to measure BD in young populations. Thus, our aims were to describe BD in relation to risk factors in Chilean women under 40 years old and to explore the equivalence of DXA to mammography for the measurement of BD.Methods
We selected 192 premenopausal Chilean female participants of the DERCAM study for whom we have anthropometric, sociodemographic, and gyneco-obstetric data. The subjects received both digital mammograms (Hologic) and breast DXA scans (GE iDXA). Mammographic BD was estimated using a fully automated commercial method (VOLPARA®) and BI-RADS. Breast DXA scans were performed using a standardized protocol and the % fibroglandular volume (%FGV) was estimated considering a two-compartment model of adipose and fibroglandular tissue.Results
The mean age was 37 years (SD = 6.5) and 31.6% of the subjects were obese. The median %FGV and absolute FGV (AFGV) measured by DXA were 9% and 198.1 cm3 and for VOLPARA®, 8.6% and 58.0 cm3, respectively. The precision for %FGV after reposition was 2.8%. The correlation coefficients for %FGV, AFGV, and breast volume between DXA and mammography were over 0.7. Age and body mass index (BMI) were inversely associated with %FGV, and BMI was positively related to AFGV as estimated with DXA or mammography. We did not observe an association with gyneco-obstetric characteristics, education, and %FGV and AFGV; smoking was only associated with AFGV as measured by VOLPARA®.Conclusions
DXA is an alternative method to measure volumetric BD; thus, it could be used to continuously monitor BD in adult women in follow-up studies or to assess BD in young women.5.
Parents' adverse childhood experiences and mental health screening using home visiting programs: A pilot study 下载免费PDF全文
6.
7.
Jada G. Hamilton PhD MPH Sadie P. Hutson PhD RN WHNP BC Richard P. Moser PhD Sarah C. Kobrin PhD MPH Amy E. Frohnmayer MA Blanche P. Alter MD MPH Paul K. J. Han MD MA MPH 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2013,46(2):204-216
Background
Effects of different sources of medical uncertainty on people’s health-related cognitions, emotions, and decision making have yet to be systematically examined.Purpose
The aim of this study is to examine how uncertainties arising from different sources are associated with decision making regarding stem cell transplantation in Fanconi anemia, a rare, inherited bone marrow failure syndrome that typically presents during childhood.Methods
Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of 178 parents of 126 Fanconi anemia patients.Results
Two distinct sources of uncertainty were associated with decision outcomes: probability was associated with a lower likelihood of choosing stem cell transplantation, and ambiguity due to conflicting expert opinions was associated with greater decision-making difficulty. Concern about transplantation may mediate these associations.Conclusions
Different sources of uncertainty have different effects on Fanconi anemia treatment decisions, which may be mediated by parents’ emotional reactions. Further research is needed to elucidate these effects and help Fanconi anemia families cope with uncertainty. 相似文献8.
Catherine R Hoyt Sadie Hurwitz Taniya E Varughese Lauren H Yaeger Allison A King 《Pediatric blood & cancer》2023,70(3):e30178
This review aimed to identify and describe individual-level behavioral interventions for children 0–18 years of age with sickle cell disease (SCD). PRISMA guidelines were followed at each stage of this review. Twenty-seven studies were included, representing six intervention types: disease knowledge (n = 7), self-management (n = 7), pain management (n = 4), school functioning (n = 4), cognitive health (n = 4), and mental health (n = 2). Most interventions targeted older children (5+ years), while only two examined interventions for children 0–3 years. This review suggests that offering education about disease knowledge, self-management, and pain management interventions can be beneficial for this population. Future research is needed to understand interventions to support young children and the impact of SCD on development. 相似文献
9.
Holger W. Auner Sarah R. Brown Katrina Walker Jessica Kendall Bryony Dawkins David Meads Gareth J. Morgan Martin F. Kaiser Mark Cook Sadie Roberts Christopher Parrish Gordon Cook 《Blood cancer journal》2022,12(4)
The all-oral combination of ixazomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (ICD) is well tolerated and effective in newly diagnosed and relapsed multiple myeloma (MM). We carried out MUKeight, a randomised, controlled, open, parallel group, multi-centre phase II trial in patients with relapsed MM after prior treatment with thalidomide, lenalidomide, and a proteasome inhibitor (ISRCTN58227268), with the primary objective to test whether ICD has improved clinical activity compared to cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (CD) in terms of progression-free survival (PFS). Between January 2016 and December 2018, 112 participants were randomised between ICD (n = 58) and CD (n = 54) in 33 UK centres. Patients had a median age of 70 years and had received a median of four prior lines of therapy. 74% were classed as frail. Median PFS in the ICD arm was 5.6 months, compared to 6.7 months with CD (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.21, 80% CI 0.9–1.6, p = 0.3634). Response rates and overall survival were not significantly different between ICD and CD. Dose modifications or omissions, and serious adverse events (SAEs), occurred more often in the ICD arm. In summary, the addition of ixazomib to cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone did not improve outcomes in the comparatively frail patients enroled in the MUKeight trial.Subject terms: Drug development, Cancer therapy, Cancer therapy 相似文献
10.
Taylor Marcus Patel Harshil Khwaja Sadie Rammohan Kandadai 《European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology》2019,276(7):2075-2079
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Descending cervical mediastinitis (DCM) is defined as spread of oropharyngeal or odontogenic infection into the mediastinum. It occurs uncommonly and... 相似文献