全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4451篇 |
免费 | 304篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 28篇 |
儿科学 | 227篇 |
妇产科学 | 183篇 |
基础医学 | 605篇 |
口腔科学 | 82篇 |
临床医学 | 782篇 |
内科学 | 721篇 |
皮肤病学 | 122篇 |
神经病学 | 343篇 |
特种医学 | 63篇 |
外科学 | 423篇 |
综合类 | 59篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 616篇 |
眼科学 | 32篇 |
药学 | 191篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 281篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 19篇 |
2022年 | 25篇 |
2021年 | 85篇 |
2020年 | 51篇 |
2019年 | 84篇 |
2018年 | 100篇 |
2017年 | 71篇 |
2016年 | 106篇 |
2015年 | 111篇 |
2014年 | 150篇 |
2013年 | 220篇 |
2012年 | 288篇 |
2011年 | 327篇 |
2010年 | 170篇 |
2009年 | 142篇 |
2008年 | 266篇 |
2007年 | 307篇 |
2006年 | 316篇 |
2005年 | 266篇 |
2004年 | 304篇 |
2003年 | 247篇 |
2002年 | 271篇 |
2001年 | 30篇 |
2000年 | 16篇 |
1999年 | 38篇 |
1998年 | 57篇 |
1997年 | 44篇 |
1996年 | 53篇 |
1995年 | 46篇 |
1994年 | 43篇 |
1993年 | 36篇 |
1992年 | 23篇 |
1991年 | 28篇 |
1990年 | 25篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 22篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 17篇 |
1984年 | 36篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 26篇 |
1981年 | 24篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1979年 | 17篇 |
1978年 | 19篇 |
1977年 | 18篇 |
1976年 | 13篇 |
1974年 | 17篇 |
1971年 | 9篇 |
1968年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有4761条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Rosemary Cant 《Australian Occupational Therapy Journal》1993,40(3):113-121
Newer policies of community care for those with disabilities have resulted in the home becoming the usual site of care. Policy makers must now give attention to the needs of those at home giving this care. This article explores the constraints on sociability opportunities of 73 mothers who were caring for children with disabilities. These opportunities are often built into leisure pursuits for women without caring responsibilities. However, choice of out-of-house leisure activity was circumscribed for the mothers in this study and their reported leisure activities revolved around home and neighbourhood. Even these sites offered limited scope for sociability because of the way in which caring affected domestic space and because of the characteristics of the modern Australian suburb. It is argued in this paper that personal time and personal domestic space are needed by care-givers so their sociability needs can be fulfilled. An understanding of the constraints imposed by use of the home as a place of care may make possible the planning of a rearrangement of domestic space to increase sociability opportunities for carers. 相似文献
2.
Relaxin down-regulates renal fibroblast function and promotes matrix remodelling in vitro. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rosemary Masterson Tim D Hewitson Kristen Kelynack Marina Martic Laura Parry Ross Bathgate Ian Darby Gavin Becker 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2004,19(3):544-552
BACKGROUND: Renal fibroblasts are important effector cells in tubulointerstitial fibrosis, with experimental antifibrotic strategies focusing on the functional down-regulation of these cells. Several experimental models of fibrosis have provided evidence for the effectiveness of the polypeptide hormone relaxin as a potential antifibrotic agent. This study was conducted to further elucidate the antifibrotic mechanisms of relaxin on renal fibroblasts in vitro. METHODS: Rat cortical fibroblasts were obtained from outgrowth culture of renal tissue isolated from kidneys 3 days post-unilateral ureteric obstruction and constituted 100% of cells studied. A relaxin radio-receptor assay was used to establish binding of relaxin to renal fibroblasts in vitro. Functional studies then examined the effects of H2 relaxin (0, 1, 10 and 100 ng/ml) on fibroblast kinetics, expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), total collagen synthesis, collagenase production and collagen-I lattice contraction. CTGF mRNA expression was also measured by northern analysis. RESULTS: H2 relaxin bound with high affinity to rat renal fibroblasts, but receptor numbers were low. Consistent with its previously reported bimodal effect, transforming growth factor (TGF-beta 1) reduced fibroblast proliferation, an effect abrogated by H2 relaxin. Fibroblasts exposed to H2 relaxin (100 ng/ml) for 24 h demonstrated decreased immunostaining for alpha-SMA and reduced alpha-SMA protein expression compared with controls. There was a trend for a relaxin-mediated reduction in total collagen synthesis and alpha 1(I) mRNA expression with large dose-related increases in collagenase protein expression being observed. TGF-beta 1-stimulated collagen-I lattice contraction was significantly inhibited following co-incubation with 100 ng/ml relaxin. Incremental doses of H2 relaxin had no significant effect on CTGF mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that the antifibrotic effects of relaxin involve down-regulation of fibroblast activity, increase in collagenase synthesis and restructuring of collagen-I lattices, which are consistent with its known physiological role of matrix remodelling. Although there appears to be an interaction between TGF-beta 1 and H2 relaxin, this does not appear to involve a reduction in CTGF mRNA expression. 相似文献
3.
Assessment of quality of life in children with peanut allergy 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Natalie J. Avery Rosemary M. King Susan Knight Jonathan O'B. Hourihane 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2003,14(5):378-382
Children with a peanut allergy (PA) are faced with food and social restrictions due to the potentially life-threatening nature of their disease, for which there is no cure or treatment. This inevitably impacts upon their quality of life (QoL). QoL of 20 children with PA and 20 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was measured using two disease-specific QoL questionnaires (higher scores correspond to a poorer QoL). One questionnaire was designed by us and the other was adapted from the Vespid Allergy QoL questionnaire. We gave subjects cameras to record how their QoL is affected over a 24-h period. Response rates for both questionnaires were 100%. Mean ages were 9.0 and 10.4 years for PA and IDDM subjects, respectively. Children with a PA reported a poorer quality of life than children with IDDM: mean scores were 54.85 for PA subjects and 46.40 for diabetics (p = 0.004) in questionnaire 1 and 54.30 and 34.50 (p≤0.001) in questionnaire 2. PA children reported more fear of an adverse event and more anxiety about eating, especially when eating away from home. Photographs fell into seven common categories: food, management, environment, away from home, physical activities, restaurant and people. Most photographs related to food and management issues and revealed difficulties for both groups regarding food restrictions. PA subjects felt more threatened by potential hazards within their environment, felt more restricted by their PA regarding physical activities, and worried more about being away from home. However, they felt safe when carrying epinephrine kits and were positive about eating at familiar restaurants. The QoL in children with PA is more impaired than in children with IDDM. Their anxiety may be considered useful in some situations, promoting better adherence to allergen avoidance advice and rescue plans. 相似文献
4.
Stewart Shapiro Dimitris N. Tatakis Dr. Rosemary Dziak 《Calcified tissue international》1990,46(1):60-62
Summary Tumor necrosis factor α (10−10–10−8M) had no effects on cyclic AMP production by the osteoblastic osteosarcomal cells, Saos-2 and G292, or normal rat calvarial
cells. The cytokine did, however, inhibit the parathyroid hormone (PTH)-induced effect on cyclic AMP in the Saos-2 and normal
rat osteoblastic cells. This inhibitory effect did not occur on prostaglandin E2-induced cyclic AMP increases in the osteoblastic cells. Interleukin-1 (10 U/ml −100 U/ml) did not produce any effect on basal
levels or PTH-induced cyclic AMP increases in these cells. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
Presence of specific 11C-meta-Hydroxyephedrine retention in heart, lung, pancreas, and brown adipose tissue. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
(11)C-meta-Hydroxyephedrine (HED) is used in cardiac PET as an index of norepinephrine (NE) reuptake transporter (NET) density and synaptic NE levels. Whereas cardiac uptake is well documented, tracer retention in other tissues with rich noradrenergic innervation is unclear. Dysfunctional sympathetic nervous system (SNS) function in extracardiac metabolic storage tissues (i.e., adipose tissue and skeletal muscle) and endocrine organs contributes to several disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of HED as an index of NE function in brown adipose tissue, lung, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and kidney by identifying NET-specific retention and determining the presence of radiolabeled metabolites. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered HED and sacrificed at 30 min after tracer injection. Tissues were rapidly excised and counted for radioactivity, and relative tracer retention was quantified. Pretreatment with NET inhibitors established specific HED accumulation. The effect of elevated NE was tested by subcutaneous minipump NE infusion or inhibition of monoamine oxidase. Column-switch high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the presence of radiolabeled metabolites in heart, brown adipose tissue, pancreas, and plasma. RESULTS: NET-specific retention was observed in heart, brown adipose tissue, lung, and pancreas but not in liver, skeletal muscle, or kidney. A dose-dependent response of HED accumulation to treatments elevating NE levels was established in tissues exhibiting specific uptake. At 30 min after tracer administration, HPLC analysis revealed 93%-95% of total radioactivity signal derived from unchanged HED in heart, pancreas, and brown adipose tissue compared with 61% +/- 8% unchanged HED in plasma. CONCLUSION: In addition to the heart, lung, pancreas, and brown adipose tissue exhibit specific and NE-responsive uptake of HED, supporting the potential for novel PET studies of SNS integrity in these tissues. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.