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1.
Noninvasive metabolic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging reflecting glucose metabolism in the aldose-reductase-sorbitol (ARS) pathway was performed in the rabbit head; after administration of the fluorinated glucose analogue 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-glucose (3FD-glucose), fluorine-19 images were generated. Images of 3FD-glucose showed significant 3FD-glucose uptake by adipose tissue, indicating its buffering effects in case of excess loads of glucose. Images of 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-sorbitol (3FD-sorbitol) demonstrated the spatial distribution of aldose reductase activities and significant sorbitol accumulation in the lens. Images of 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-D-fructose (3FD-fructose) showed preferential uptake of fructose by muscle tissue. The extremely low toxicity of 3FD-glucose indicates promise for its clinical application in metabolic imaging. 相似文献
2.
Holzman C Leventhal JM Qiu H Jones NM Wang J;BV Study Group 《American journal of public health》2001,91(10):1664-1670
OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were to test the hypothesis that vaginal douching is linked to bacterial vaginosis in both symptomatic and asymptomatic women and to identify other demographic, reproductive, and lifestyle factors associated with bacterial vaginosis. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study involving 3 clinic sites, 496 nonpregnant women completed a self-administered questionnaire. Their vaginal smears were assessed and cross-validated for bacterial vaginosis. RESULTS: The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis across clinics ranged from 15% to 30%. In analyses restricted to site 1, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for bacterial vaginosis remained significant for African American women with 13 or fewer years of education (OR = 5.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1, 14.5), hormone use within the past 6 months (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.2, 0.8), and vaginal douching within the past 2 months (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.5, 5.6). CONCLUSIONS: Two lifestyle factors emerge as strongly associated with bacterial vaginosis: systemic contraceptives appear protective, whereas douching is linked to an increase in prevalence. The temporal relationship between douching and bacterial vaginosis needs further clarification. 相似文献
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Hasegawa BH; Naimuddin S; Dobbins JT d; Mistretta CA; Peppler WW; Hangiandreou NJ; Cusma JT; McDermott JC; Kudva BV; Melbye KM 《Radiology》1986,159(2):537-543
The feasibility of producing patient-specific beam attenuators for chest radiography has been investigated using an anthropomorphic phantom and a human volunteer. A low-dose test exposure is digitized, processed, and used to print a small cerium filter, which is placed in the x-ray beam near the collimator. The final radiograph is recorded on film. The technique results in relatively uniform film exposure, so that structures in all regions of the chest are simultaneously displayed with optimal film contrast. The equalized exposure improves image quality in the normally underpenetrated regions and reduces the role of cross-scatter from the lungs. The image is analogous to optical or computer-processed unsharp masking techniques, but the processing is accomplished in the x-ray beam and results in an improved exposure distribution, giving advantages that cannot be achieved with image processing techniques alone. 相似文献
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The main group consisted of 130 patients with pyo-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome, in who after operations within the foot limits, there were ultrasonic cavitation and ozonization of the wound surface. The control group consisted of 90 patients who underwent operative treatment as well as a standard local treatment using the preparations with reference to the phase of the wound process. The use of low-frequency ultrasound allows in short-terms ablation of necrotized tissues within the limits of healthy tissues, decrease of microbial contamination of the wounds and preparing to closing. Ozonization of the wounds facilitates growth of the granulating tissues and prolongs the effect of decontamination of the wound surface. The application of physical methods in treatment of patients with pyo-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome decreases the number of disabling operations. 相似文献
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Mariza de Andrade Jill S. Barnholtz Christopher I. Amos CarolLynn Lochmiller Allison Scott Marjorie Risman Jacqueline T. Hecht 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》1998,79(2):97-102
“Idiopathic” talipes equinovarus (ITEV) is a nonsyndromal congenital anomaly of one or both feet. Casting and surgery are often necessary to obtain correct foot alignment. In spite of treatment, residual deformities of the feet occur and calf muscles may be hypoplastic. The cause of ITEV is unknown but genetic factors have been postulated. Complex segregation analysis was performed on 173 ITEV families including 93 Caucasian and 48 Hispanic families. The recessive mixed model was the best fitting model and no differences were found based on ethnicity. These results confirm previous studies suggesting that there is a genetic component to the development of ITEV. Am. J. Med. Genet. 79:97–102, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Blood typing historically has been used to introduce students to the concepts of immunohematology. Risk of disease transmission has compelled school districts to prohibit the use of human blood in student laboratories. A method is needed that will safely simulate ABO and Rh typing. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A method that uses inorganic salt solutions to simulate ABO and Rh antigens and antibodies was studied. Additional salt solutions and diluents were tested to investigate the feasibility of simulating both ABO and Rh typing in a more realistic medium. RESULTS: Cobalt nitrate and sodium hydroxide were found to successfully simulate D and anti-D, respectively. The addition of these solutions did not produce cross- reactions in ABO tests. Use of simulated blood as a diluent improved the appearance of the samples. CONCLUSION: This method can safely and inexpensively simulate ABO and Rh blood typing procedures and provide students with hands-on blood-typing experience. 相似文献
9.
A questionnaire was distributed to 509 AABB institutional members to evaluate current autologous transfusion practices. Results were returned from 47 blood centers, 108 transfusion services and 64 hospital blood banks (response rate 43%). Results indicate that not all eligible patients are allowed to donate due to unnecessarily strict eligibility criteria. Thirty percent of autologous units are not tested for infectious disease markers. Of those units tested and found positive for anti-HIV or HBsAg, 53 and 72% respectively, of the institutions provide the units to the intended recipient. Forty-seven percent of institutions perform an AHG crossmatch for autologous recipients. Sixty five percent of institutions permit "crossing-over" of autologous units for homologous use. Implications of these findings for the development of standards for autologous transfusion programs are discussed. 相似文献
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