顺铂聚乳酸微球的药物释放特性及肝动脉栓塞研究

对顺铂聚乳酸微球进行了体外药物释放和家犬肝动脉栓塞研究。该微球粒径范围为50～200μm,平均粒径为115.76±35.94μm,顺铂含量为37.16%(W/W);体外药物释放机制符合Higuchi方程;肝动脉栓塞后8h,肝组织顺铂浓度高达21.55±12.18μg/g,明显高于肝动脉灌注顺铂组:3.16±0.09μg/g(P<0.05);肝动脉栓塞组的顺铂血浓峰值、各取血点浓度及曲线下面积AUC皆低于肝动脉灌注顺铂组。可望达到提高栓塞部位的药物疗效,降低全身毒副反应的作用。     

2-甲酰(乙酰)取代喹啉缩氨基硫脲的合成

缩氨基硫脲类化合物有抗肿瘤、抗病毒和抗菌等多种药理活性。Barret等首次报道了乙二醛二缩氨基硫脲(Ⅰ)的抗疟活性。Klayman等研究了缩     

Acilact and improvement of the health status of sickly children

A complex study of the effects of Acilact on the immune and interferon status, phagocyte defense, and cytokine balance in sickly children showed that Acilact had a positive effect on the immune system in these patients. The preparation is able to normalize abnormal immune parameters, and does not influence healthy immune system. In some ways Acilact has advantages over IRS 19 vaccine. Simultaneous administration of these two preparations is appropriate in some cases.     

Sequencing of the alpha-synuclein gene in a large series of cases of familial Parkinson's disease fails to reveal any further mutations. The European Consortium on Genetic Susceptibility in Parkinson's Disease (GSPD)

A mutation in exon 4 of the human alpha-synuclein gene was reported recently in four families with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD). In order to examine whether mutations in this exon or elsewhere in the gene are common in familial PD, all seven exons of the alpha- synuclein gene were amplified by PCR from index cases of 30 European and American Caucasian kindreds affected with autosomal dominant PD. Each product was sequenced directly and examined for mutations in the open reading frame. No mutations were found in any of the samples examined. We conclude that the A53T change described in the alpha- synuclein gene is a rare cause of PD or may even be a rare variant. Mutations in the regulatory or intronic regions of the gene were not excluded by this study.      

Effects of perioperative immunostimulating nutritional therapy on the phagocytic activity of blood platelets in patients with various clinical stages of gastric cancer

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the total blood platelets count, fraction of phagocytizing thrombocytes (PhT%), and phagocytic index of thrombocytes (PhIT) in gastric cancer considering the stage of the disease, and perioperative immunonutrition support.MethodsOur study included 44 patients operated for gastric cancer divided into 2 groups depending on the clinical stage, and 40 healthy volunteers –a control group. Group I included 18 patients with stage I-III locoregional malignancies and Group II included 26 patients with stage IV peritoneal dissemination. All patients received immunonutrition during the perioperative period. The phagocytic activity of blood platelets was assessed by measuring PhT% and PhIT prior to and after nutritional therapy.ResultsIn Group I, the pre-treatment PhT% and PhIT amounted to 1.08 and 0.99, respectively, and 1.26, and 1.1 after the therapy (p<0.01). In Group II, pre-treatment PhT% and PhIT were 1.12 and 0.97, after 1.18 and 1.06, respectively (p<0.05). In the controls, PhT% and PhIT were 2.26 and 1.83, respectively, significantly higher comparing to gastric cancer patients (p<0.01).ConclusionSevere impairment of the thrombocyte phagocytic activity in gastric cancer patients has been found. Phagocytic activity of blood platelets was partially improved as a result of perioperative immunonutrition both in locoregional disease and in peritoneal dissemination.     

Diagnostic and management algorithm of acute pancreatitis

The analysis of diagnostics and treatment of 602 patients with destructive pancreatitis has shown that definition of etiological and pathogenetic forms of pancreatitis defines strategy of treatment. In this way, patients with biliary pancreatitis require emergency operative treatment with use of endoscopic interventions without dependence from a stage of disease. To patients with alcoholic or alimentary pancreatitis in the stage of enzymatic toxemia conservative treatment should be spent only, until shock and/or delirium won't be reduced. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography + endoscopic papillosphincterotomy with concrement removal from common bile duct--is the operation of choice in case of acute biliary pancreatitis at the first stage. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the operation of choice at the second stage of disease. At destructive pancreatitis of other origin in a stage of the infection or necrotic suppurative inflammation use of open and closed small invasive methods of intervention is most proved. Given tactics of treatment has allowed to lower severity of clinical course, frequency of complications and lethality.     

Population sub-structuring among <Emphasis Type="Italic">Trypanosoma evansi</Emphasis> stocks

To investigate the population genetic structure of Trypanosoma evansi from domesticated animals, we have analysed 112 stocks from camels, buffaloes, cattle and horses using the tandemly repeated coding sequence (MORF2) and minisatellite markers 292 and cysteine-rich acidic integral membrane protein (CRAM). We recorded a total of six alleles at the MORF2 locus, seven at 292 and 12 at the CRAM loci. Nei’s genetic distance showed reduced allelic diversity between buffaloes and cattle stocks (1.2) as compared to the diversity between camels and buffaloes (3.75) and camels and cattle stock (1.69). The mean index of association (I _A = 0.92) significantly deviated from zero, and the average number of multilocus genotypes (G/N ratio) was 0.21. Twenty-four multilocus genotypes were defined from the combination of alleles at the three loci. The Kenyan sub-populations showed F _st = 0.28 and analysis of molecular variance showed significant divergence (22.7%) between the Laikipia, Kulal and Galana regions. The regional and host distribution of multi-locus genotypes significant population differentiation and high Nei’s genetic distances suggest existence of genetic sub-structuring within T. evansi stocks while the few multi-locus genotypes and deviation of association index from zero indicate the lack of recombination. In conclusion, this study reveals that some genetic sub-structuring does occur within T. evansi, which has a clonal population structure.     

A light-driven rhythm in neurotensin-like immunoreactivity in the chicken retina

Purpose: To determine if the pattern of release of neurotensin from the enkephalin-, neurotensin- and somatostatin-like immunoreactive amacrine cells in response to light and dark is the same as that of the enkephalins and somatostatin. Methods/Results: Both the enkephalins and somatostatin are released at high rates in the dark and at lower rates in the light, and these rate changes are reflected in increasing intracellular levels of the peptides in vivo in the light and decreasing levels in the dark The levels of neurotensin-like immunoreactivity show a similar diurnal light-driven and non-circadian rhythm in vivo. Conclusion: This implies that the actual release rates of neurotensin follow the same patterns as those demonstrated in vitro for the enkephalins and somatostatin.     

A New Tellurium- and Selenoorganic Compound as an Inhibitor of Acetylcholinesterase in Brain

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - We studied the effect of a new cyanine dye containing selenium and tellurium on acetylcholinesterase activity in synaptic membrane in rat brain. The...