胰岛素强化治疗在2型糖尿病骨折患者围手术期的应用

Objective To investigate the best way to control the blood sugar level during the perioperation of bone fracture patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM).Methods Bone fracture patients with T2DM were randomly divided into three groups:continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion group(insulin aspart,group CSII,n=20),glargine treatment group(insulin aspart+insulin glargine,group GA,n=20),and NPH treatment(insulin aspart+rh-insulin,group NA,n=20).The levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and the 2 hours postprandial glucose(2h PG),blood glucose fluctuation(BGF),insulin dosage(ID),good effective time(GET),incidence of hypoglycemia,dawn phenomenon and infection,average time of stitches removal(ATSR),average hospitalized length(AHL)of three groups were compared.Results FPG and 2hPG,ID in group CSII[(6.32±1.18)mmol/L,(7.72±1.53)mmol/L,(35.40±1.60)IU]and group GA [(6.25±0.88)mmol/L,(7.32±1.17)mmol/L,(36.20±0.80)IU]were significantly lower than those of group NA [(7.44±1.36)mmol/L,(8.52±0.76)mmol/L,(40.50±2.40)IU,all P<0.05],simulaneously,BGF,GET incidence of complications,ATSR,AHL of group CSII and GA were significantly lower than those of group NA(all P<0.05).There were not significant difference between group CSII and group GA.Compared with group CSII,group GA had less costs in-hospital and better practicability.Conclusion Both CSII and insulin glargine combined with insulin aspart can effectively,safely,rapidly and stablely control hyperglycemia.and might be the first choice to control blood sugar for bone fracture patients with T2DM in perioperation.     

人类免疫缺陷病毒包膜糖蛋白V3区对细胞结合能力的研究

目的：研究人类免疫缺陷病毒（ＨＩＶ）不同亲嗜株包膜糖蛋白Ｖ３区结合于靶细胞的能力。方法：合成来源于不同嗜性ＨＩＶ－１Ｖ３区的生物素标记和非标记的多肽。采用流式细胞计数分析生物素化的 Ｖ３多肽对细胞的结合能力以及细胞表面的结合配体。结果：ＨＩＶ－１Ｘ４　亲嗜株ＩＩＩＢＶ３区能结合于多种细胞的表面，包括辅助受体ＣＸＣＲ４；竞争实验结果显示蛋白酶抑制剂能抑制该结合。Ｒ５亲嗜株 ＡＤＡ Ｖ３区只极微弱地结合于外周血单核细胞和表达ＣＣＲ５ 的人星形胶质细胞表面。结论：不同嗜性ＨＩＶ－１Ｖ３区结合于细胞表面的能力不同从亲嗜株Ｖ３区直接结合于细胞表面并被其自身所增强，其靶分子至少包括辅助受体 ＣＸＣＲ４和蛋白酶分子；而Ｒ５亲嗜株 ＡＤＡ Ｖ３区则不结合于 ＣＣＲ５和蛋白酶。     

DTNBP1 haplotype influences baseline assessment scores of schizophrenic in-patients

Dysbindin gene (DTNBP1) has been associated with schizophrenia, but literature findings are inconsistent, and further analyses are required. This study is aimed to investigate if a set of DTNBP1 variations might influence clinic psychotic phenotype or treatment response in a sample of 240 Korean schizophrenic in-patients. Four variants have been selected (rs3213207; rs1011313; rs16876759; rs2619522) on the basis of previous findings of association with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and antidepressant response. Single marker analysis gave marginal results. Haplotype analysis identified a significant association between A–A (rs3213207(A/G), rs1011313(A/G)) haplotype and lower PANSS total and positive scores at baseline (p = 0.01; 0.02) and at discharge (p = 0.008; 0.005). Covariate analysis revealed a more stable significant association between A–A haplotype and baseline scores. These results suggest a protective effect of A–A haplotype on psychotic positive symptoms at baseline.     

In vitro inducible nitric oxide synthesis inhibitory active constituents from Fraxinus rhynchophylla

Bioassay-guided fractionation of an H2O extract of the barks of Fraxinus rhynchophylla has furnished two inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitory compounds, ferulaldehyde (1) and scopoletin (3) together with a coumarin, fraxidin (2). Compounds 1 and 3 showed inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in a dose-dependent manner by murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The inhibition of NO synthesis of 1 was reflected in the decreased amount of iNOS protein, as determined by Western blotting.     

Capitolunate arthrodesis with scaphoid and triquetrum excision

A retrospective two-center outcome study was designed to evaluate the results of capitolunate arthrodesis with scaphoid and triquetrum excision mainly for scapholunate advanced collapse patterns of arthritis. Fourteen wrists in 14 patients were evaluated objectively by standard parameters and subjectively by the Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment at an average of 28 months after surgery (range, 14-51 months). All patients were men between the ages of 20 and 70 years (average, 49 years). Two patients had a painful nonunion and one had persistent pain despite conversion to a solid wrist arthrodesis. One patient had x-ray evidence of progressive radiolunate narrowing, but only occasional pain. Postoperative wrist flexion-extension arc was 53 degrees and radioulnar deviation arc was 18 degrees. Grip and pinch strengths were 71% and 75%, respectively, of the normal contralateral wrist. The results of our study indicate that capitolunate arthrodesis with scaphoid and triquetrum excision is comparable to other motion-preserving operative procedures for scapholunate advance collapse.     

丹参注射液与异甘草酸镁抗肝纤维化的临床对比研究

Objective To observe the change of liver function and liver fibrosis indexes of the chronic hepatitis B patients that were treated by Danshen injection(DI) and magnesium isnglyeyrrhizinate(MI). Methods 80 chronic hepati-tis B patients based on the conventional treatment were randomly divided into D1 group(40 patients) and MI group(40 pa-tients). The two groups were used with DI and MI injection for 30 days respaetively and then,the levels of liver function and serum hepatic fibrosis(HA, LN, Ⅳ -C) were detected and compared before and after treatment. Results Treatment by DI and MI could both improve liver function significantly, the effect of Ml group was better than DI group(P < 0.05). Moreover, in improving serum hepatic fibrosis, the effect of DI group was better than MI group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The efficacy of the improvement to hepatic fibrosis DI is better than MI, while in improvement of liver function MI is superior to DI.     

丹参注射液与异甘草酸镁抗肝纤维化的临床对比研究

目的 观察慢性乙型肝炎患者应用丹参注射液和异甘草酸镁治疗后肝功能和肝纤维化指标的改善情况.方法 将80例慢性乙型肝炎患者,随机分为丹参组40例,异甘草酸镁组40例,在常规保肝治疗基础上,两组分别加用丹参注射液和异甘草酸镁注射液治疗,疗程均为30 d.观察两组患者治疗前、后的肝功能和肝纤维化指标[血清透明质酸酶(HA)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)]的变化.结果 治疗后丹参注射液和异甘草酸镁均可明显改善慢性乙型肝炎患者的肝功能,异甘草酸镁组较丹参组为优(P<0.05).丹参组肝纤维化指标较治疗前有下降(P<0.05);异甘草酸镁组肝纤维化指标与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组治疗后的肝纤维化指标比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 丹参注射液改善肝纤维化的疗效优于异甘草酸镁,而异甘草酸镁改善肝功能的疗效优于丹参注射液.     

某部密闭舱室军事作业环境和人员健康调查评价

目的 评价特殊军事作业人工环境影响因素特征及其对人员健康的影响,为进一步开展控制措施的研究提供依据.方法 采用电磁辐射场强仪、声级计、温湿度计、风速仪、一氧化碳检测仪和二氧化碳分析仪,分别对某部军事作业密闭环境的微波辐射、噪声、温度、湿度、风速、一氧化碳和二氧化碳进行监测分析;采用自觉症状问卷,调查评价作业人员健康...     

穴位电针影响狗血浆、胃粘膜组织中ET含量及意义

目的 :观察电针对狗胃粘膜血流量、幽门压力的调控作用及其与血浆、胃粘膜组织中内皮素含量变化的关系 ,以初步探讨电针调控胃功能的作用机制。方法 :将 2 0条狗随机分为 4组 :空白对照组、非经非穴组 ,上巨虚组、足三里组 (每组 5条 )。采用激光多普勒血流仪、胃压测量仪监测狗胃粘膜血流量、幽门压力的变化 ,同步测定血浆及胃粘膜组织中内皮素含量 ,并观察变化规律。结果 :电针足三里组胃粘膜血流量显著升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,幽门括约肌压力下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,血浆及胃粘膜组织中内皮素含量显著下降 (P <0 .0 1) ,上巨虚组仅血浆内皮素含量下降。但足三里组变化趋势更明显 ,其他组各监测指标无显著变化。结论 :电针可使狗胃粘膜血流量增加 ,影响幽门压力变化 ,对部分胃功能具有调控作用 ,并与影响某些脑肠肽的含量改变有关 ,具有一定的经络和穴位特异性     

Criticisms of drugs in early development for the treatment of depression: what can be improved?

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and debilitating mental illness, which leads to serious functional impairment in patients, and treatment-wise, there are currently a number of different classes of antidepressants already on the market. However, emerging evidence from numerous clinical trials has confirmed that there is still an unmet need for antidepressant efficacy in terms of response and remission. Approximately only 30% of patients with MDD may remit after adequate treatment with antidepressants in clinical practice. The drawbacks of the currently available antidepressants also include inadequate overall efficacy, safety issues and the lag prior to onset of clinical improvement. The need for new agents with novel mechanisms of action has led to the development of several newer antidepressants including vilazodone, edivoxetine, ketamine, atomoxetine and vortioxetine, which have been approved for the treatment of MDD. However, the efficacy and safety of these next-generation antidepressants, in clinical trials, are still unsatisfactory. This paper provides a brief updated overview of the progress and critical limitations in the development of novel antidepressants.