Free amino acids of the liver and the characteristics of the amino acid metabolism in the liver and brain after cyanamide administration to rats

A single administration to rats of cyanamide (60 mg/kg, for 1 hour) was found to decrease the contents of cysteate, serine, glutamate, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, tyrosine, ethanolamine, ornithine and histidine that may be considered as a manifestation on the drug hepatotoxicity. The activities of transaminases, glutamate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase remained unchanged. Cyanamide effects were considerably abolished by the supplementary ethanol administration (0.5 g/kg). Cyanamide failed to affect vitamin-dependent enzymes reflecting thiamine pyrophosphate, pyridoxal phosphate and flavine adenine dinucleotide status of the rat organism.     

Early effects of cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II) on tumor progression and programmed death of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells

We studied the effects of cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II) on different pathways of cell death in cultured Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vitro and on subsequent growth of transplanted tumor in vivo. One-hour incubation with the cytostatic modulated apoptosis in cell culture. However, exposure of cell culture to a minimal effective concentration of cis-platinum(II)diammine dichloride promoted the growth of transplanted tumor.     

Method for determining the circulating blood volume,for experimental purposes

Summary Chronaximetric reactions of immune and nonimmune rabbits after injection of lethal doses of toxin differ. Immune animals reveal no essential changes in chronaxy of muscles, nerve, spinal cord and brain when toxin is injected.Nonimmune rabbits reveal a considerable change of chronoxy. Most pronounced changes arise in muscle when tetanus toxin is injected and in the motor zone of the cerebral cortex when botalinus toxin is injected. Changes in chronaxy appear earlier than clinical symptoms of the disease.Submitted by Active Member of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Professor G. V. Vygodchikov     

Metabolism in perfused rat lived at different terms after short-term hyperthermia

The metabolic state of rat liver was studiedin vivo 1, 6, and 18 h after single hyperthermia (42°C). It was shown that intracellular compensatory reactions involved in restoration of the energy state and realization of endogenous cytoprotective mechanisms play a role during recovery. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 4, pp. 414–416, April, 2000     

Effect of single total irradiation on the reproductive system and vitamin content in rat progeny

Reduction in the epididymis weight and in the spermatozoid concentration together with marked morphological changes in the seminiferous tubules were observed in the progeny of irradiated rats. Vitamin E content in the testes increased 2.8-fold, while that of vitamin B₂ decreased 1.6-fold. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 12, pp. 652–654, December, 1998.     

Synthesis and Antiarrhythmic Activity of 5-Amino-<Emphasis Type="Italic">exo</Emphasis>-3-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0<Superscript>2,6</Superscript>]decan-4-one

Exo-2-amino-exo-3-aminomethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (I) and 5-amino-exo-3-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0^2,6]decan-4-one (II) were synthesized and characterized with respect to antiarrhythmic activity. Compound II exhibited antiarrhythmic activity with ED₅₀ = 0.28 and 0.33 mg/kg on the aconitine and calcium chloride models of arrhythmia, respectively. Compound I did not show antiarrhythmic activity and exhibited acute toxicity corresponding to LD₅₀ = 450 mg/kg. __________ Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 9 – 11, June, 2005.     

In vivo release and turnover of secreted platelet antiheparin proteins in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Human and rhesus monkey platelets secrete at least two antiheparin proteins: platelet factor 4 (PF4) and low affinity platelet factor 4 (LA-PF4). Neither of these proteins showed species-related antigenic differences. As determined by radioimmunoassay, the levels of PF4 and LA-PF4 antigen per 10(9) monkey platelets amounted to 10.7 and 20.3 microgram, respectively. One milliliter of monkey plasma prepared from blood collected into an anticoagulant composed of EDTA, prostaglandin E1, and theophylline solution contained 22.4 ng LA-PF4 and 8.0 ng PF4. Concentrations of these two platelet-specific proteins in monkeys closely resembled levels found in human platelets and plasma. Infusion of prostacyclin (PGI2) (100 or 300 ng/kg/min) into monkeys for 15 min resulted in a significant decrease of plasma levels of LA-PF4 antigen and of PF4 by 40%--60% (p < 0.0001). This decrease was related to the inhibitory effect of PGI2 on the secretion of platelets stimulated by a catheter or by venipuncture. Longer infusion of PGI2 did not produce further significant change. The supernate obtained after aggregation of human platelets stimulated by thrombin was injected into monkeys receiving PGI2 infusion. The disappearance of LA-PF4 antigen in monkey plasma followed a biphasic exponential curve with half-lives for the fast and slow components of 8.4 and 63 min. PF4 disappeared faster but followed the same pattern (half-lives for the fast and slow component of 2.1 and 70 min). Analysis of the experimental data suggests that the low levels of secreted platelet proteins in monkey plasma are related to their minimal in vivo release and to their rapid clearance.