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1.
K Radon S Huemmer H Dressel D Windstetter G Weinmayr S Weiland E Riu C Vogelberg W Leupold E von Mutius M Goldberg D Nowak 《The European respiratory journal》2006,27(4):774-778
Existing guidelines advise adolescents with asthma and allergies against high-risk occupations. The aim of the current authors' analyses was to investigate the resulting self-selection in a prospective cohort study. The participants of Phase II of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood in Germany (aged 9-11 yrs at baseline) were re-contacted after 7 yrs (response rate was 77%) and were asked to complete a questionnaire, which included items on atopic diseases. The subjects were also asked about the type of job they would like to have in the future (preferred job choice). Exposure to agents with potential asthma risk was evaluated using a job exposure matrix. The analyses were restricted to those in school-based vocational training programmes without occupational exposures. A total of 33% of subjects chose jobs with high asthma risk, 23% selected low asthma risk jobs and the remaining adolescents indicated jobs without known asthma risk (reference category). There were no statistically significant associations between asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis and selecting jobs with asthma risk. Participants with allergic rhinitis tended to select high risk jobs less frequently. In conclusion, self-selection into low risk jobs seems to play a minor role in teenagers with asthma or allergies. 相似文献
2.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Obesity is a major cause of morbidity accounting for approximately 300 000 deaths each year and about 7% of the health care budget with an economic impact greater than US dollar 100 billion annually in the United States. Obesity and its sequelae such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, arthritis or cancer have been on the rise over the last decades. The parallel time trend with an increasing prevalence of asthma has induced a lively debate about a potential link between both conditions. RECENT FINDINGS: A number of prospective studies have shown that weight gain can antedate the development of asthma. Effect modification by sex may occur as some studies have shown effects of body mass index on asthma only among females. However, sex differences are not consistent. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the epidemiological associations including alterations in airway mechanics and immune responses, hormonal influences and genetic factors. SUMMARY: There is evidence that obesity and overweight are associated with the development of asthma. Yet, the mechanisms underlying this relation are unclear. Weight reduction among asthmatic patients can result in improvements of lung function demonstrating the potential clinical impact of the findings. 相似文献
3.
van Strien RT Engel R Holst O Bufe A Eder W Waser M Braun-Fahrländer C Riedler J Nowak D von Mutius E;ALEX Study Team 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2004,113(5):860-867
BACKGROUND: Endotoxin exposure has been shown to be associated with a decreased prevalence of atopic sensitization and symptoms. Yet endotoxin represents only a part of the indoor microbial exposure. Muramic acid, a constituent of peptidoglycan, is present in gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria in the environment and may therefore serve as an additional marker of microbial exposure. OBJECTIVE: To study the factors determining the level of indoor exposure to muramic acid/peptidoglycan, as well as its potential association with respiratory health. METHODS: In 553 farm and nonfarm school children from Austria, Switzerland, and Germany, mattress dust muramic acid concentrations were determined, and health was assessed by using IgE measurements and questionnaire information. RESULTS: The muramic acid concentration was found to be significantly higher in dust from farm children's mattresses than in dust from nonfarm children's mattresses (157 vs 131 ng/mg). Children with higher mattress dust muramic acid concentrations had a significantly lower prevalence of wheezing (odds ratio of highest vs lowest tertile of muramic acid concentration, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9), regardless of farming status and endotoxin exposure. The association for asthma was similar, and no association was found with atopic sensitization. CONCLUSION: Next to endotoxin, muramic acid provides us with an independent marker of microbial exposure. Unlike endotoxin, muramic acid was inversely associated with wheezing rather than with atopic sensitization. 相似文献
4.
Holt PG Sly PD Martinez FD Weiss ST Björkstén B von Mutius E Wahn U 《Nature immunology》2004,5(7):695-698
The spiraling costs of asthma treatment seem set to continue rising, given the equivocal performance of the latest generation of specific anti-inflammatory drugs in trials in adult asthmatics. We argue that the continuation of this trend is inevitable unless there is a substantial realignment of entrenched drug development policy in the pharmaceutical industry and a parallel shift in licensing policy by regulatory authorities to encourage the development of drugs capable of halting the progression from acute to chronic asthma when the disease first manifests in childhood. The theoretical framework for such an approach, including proof-of-principle data from studies in children with early-stage disease and a range of candidate drugs, already exists. What is needed is informed debate on the risks versus potential benefits of this approach. 相似文献
5.
Identification of fungal candidates for asthma protection in a large population‐based study
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6.
IL‐33 polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of hay fever and reduced regulatory T cells in a birth cohort
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Paul C. Schröder Vera I. Casaca Sabina Illi Maximilian Schieck Sven Michel Andreas Böck Caroline Roduit Remo Frei Anna Lluis Jon Genuneit Petra Pfefferle Marjut Roponen Juliane Weber Charlotte Braun‐Fahrländer Josef Riedler Roger Lauener Dominique Angèle Vuitton Jean‐Charles Dalphin Juha Pekkanen Erika von Mutius Michael Kabesch Bianca Schaub PASTURE Study group 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2016,27(7):687-695
7.
Jana Kristin Eckert Julia Kahle Andreas Bck Kathrin Zeber Kathrin Urner Wolfgang Greiner Simone Kreimeier Kirsten Beyer Josefine Dobbertin-Welsch Eckard Hamelmann Ines Gellhaus Christina Schorlemer Michael Kabesch Parastoo Kheiroddin Erika von Mutius Martin Depner Daniel Walter Gesine Hansen Stephanie DeStefano Sabine Schnadt Bianca Schaub 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2022,33(1):e13652
8.
A. M. Karvonen A. Hyvärinen U. Gehring M. Korppi G. Doekes J. Riedler C. Braun‐Fahrländer S. Bitter S. Schmid L. Keski‐Nisula M. Roponen V. Kaulek J.‐C. Dalphin P. I. Pfefferle H. Renz G. Büchele E. von Mutius J. Pekkanen the PASTURE Study Group 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2012,42(8):1246-1256
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