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1.
E. M. Wintour M. Lewitt A. McFarlane K. Moritz S. Potocnik S. Rees K. Tangalakis 《Acta neuropathologica》1996,91(5):537-544
Hydranencephaly is defined as the replacement of a previously normal brain, in whole or in part, by membranous fluid-filled
sacs. The etiology is not well understood, and the time course of development is unknown. Fifteen ovine fetuses were chronically
cannulated and had both carotid arteries ligated at 100 days of gestation (term is 145–150 days). They were killed at 1 (n = 4), 2 (n = 6) and 4 (n = 5) weeks post-surgery, and the findings compared with those of 25 age-matched controls. By 2 weeks post-surgery the entire
cerebral hemispheres and diencephalon had been replaced by fluid closely resembling cerebrospinal fluid. The choroid plexus,
pituitary and brain stem remained outwardly normal, but the cerebellum showed signs of damage. Fetuses maintained normal values
for blood gases and hematocrit up to 4 weeks post-surgery, and grew normally. Light microscopy of the brain stem showed significant
losses of cell populations in the medulla by 4 weeks. Vascular casting and acute blood flow studies in an additional group
of fetuses showed that the entire brain was perfused via the vertebral-occipital anastomosis immediately after acute bilateral
carotid clamping, but that the blood flow rate was insufficient to maintain adequate oxygen delivery.
Received: 4 August 1995 / Revised, accepted: 30 November 1995 相似文献
2.
Apoptosis of myocytes and proliferation markers as prognostic factors in end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Marjeta Zorc Olga Vraspir-Porenta Ruda Zorc-Pleskovic Ninoslav Radovanovi? Daniel Petrovic 《Cardiovascular pathology》2003,12(1):36-39
INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of apoptosis, proliferation markers, volume density of interstitium, and myofibril volume fraction for the prognosis in patients with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). METHODS: Endomyocardial biopsy was performed during open-heart surgery in 56 patients with end-stage DCM. Patients were divided into two groups, one group with shorter survival (24+/-9 months, mean+/-S.D.) and another group with survival of more than 7 years after operation. The TUNEL method was used for the detection of apoptosis, and immunohistochemical methods were used for the evaluation of inhibitor of apoptosis (bcl-2) and proliferation markers (PCNA and Ki-67). RESULTS: The increased percentage of apoptotic myocytes, decreased expression of bcl-2, and decreased expression of PCNA and Ki-67 antigen was found in the group with early mortality compared to that with longer survival. Myofibril volume fraction was lower and volume density of interstitium was higher in the group with early mortality compared to that with longer survival. CONCLUSION: Apoptosis, bcl-2 expression, and proliferation activity of myocytes, myofibril volume fraction, and volume density of interstitial tissue might be useful in predicting the prognosis (progressive vs. nonprogressive form) of patients with heart failure due to DCM. 相似文献
3.
Causes of microsatellite instability in colorectal tumors: implications for hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer screening 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Microsatellite instability (MSI) analysis was performed using a "reference panel" of microsatellite markers in 345 unselected primary colorectal cancers (CRC). Thirty-five (10%) tumors were classified as high MSI (MSI-H). We identified 6 (17%) MSI-H tumors with germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes (tumors from patients with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome) and 29 (83%) MSI-H tumors without germline MMR mutations (sporadic MSI-H tumors). Hypermethylation of the hMLH1 promoter was found in 26/29 (90%) sporadic MSI-H tumors but only in 1/6 (17%) HNPCC tumors (P<.001). Somatic alterations were identified in both MMR genes in HNPCC tumors but mainly in the hMSH2 gene in sporadic MSI-H tumors. LOH at MMR loci was detected in 3/6 (50%) HNPCC tumors and in 4/26 (15%) informative sporadic MSI-H tumors. These results together indicate different mode of inactivation of MMR genes in sporadic MSI-H tumors versus MSI-H tumors in HNPCC patients. We therefore propose that MSI analysis of newly diagnosed primary CRC followed by methylation analysis of hMLH1 promoter in MSI-H tumors and mutational analysis of MMR genes in MSI-H tumors lacking hMLH1 promoter methylation might be an efficient molecular genetic approach for HNPCC screening. 相似文献
4.
New and improved drug delivery systems are the important subject of much scientific research. The development of formulations that increase skin oxygenation and of methods for measuring oxygen levels in skin are important for dealing with healing processes affected by the level of oxygen. We have use EPR oximetry in vivo to compare the influence of liposomal formulations of different size and composition with that of hydrogel with respect to the action of the entrapped benzyl nicotinate (BN). Following the topical application of BN onto the skin of mice, pO2 increase was measured by low-frequency EPR as a function of time. The effect of BN was evaluated by 3 different parameters: lag-time, time needed for maximum pO2 increase, and overall effectiveness expressed by the area under the response-time curve. An increase in skin oxygenation was observed after BN application. The results show that the effect of BN incorporated in liposomes is achieved more rapidly than the effect from hydrophilic gel. The composition of the liposomes significantly affects the time at which BN starts to act and, to a lesser extent, the maximum increase of pO2 in skin and the effectiveness of BN action. However, the size of the liposomes influences both the effectiveness of BN action and the time at which BN starts to act. After repeated application of liposomes, the pO2 baseline increased and the response of the skin tissue was faster. Our results demonstrate that EPR oximetry is a useful method for evaluating oxygen changes after drug application and for following the time course of their action. 相似文献
5.
van Rensburg Susan J. Hattingh Coenraad Johannes Clint Moremi Kelebogile E. Peeters Armand V. van Heerden Carel J. Erasmus Rajiv T. Zemlin Annalise E. Kemp Merlisa C. Jaftha Mariaan Khine Aye Aye Potocnik Felix C.V. Whati Lindiwe Engel-Hills Penelope van Toorn Ronald Kotze Maritha J. 《Metabolic brain disease》2021,36(6):1169-1181
Metabolic Brain Disease - In Part I of this Review we evaluated the scientific evidence for a Metabolic Model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Part II outlines the implementation of an adaptive... 相似文献
6.
van Rensburg SJ van Zyl J Hon D Daniels W Hendricks J Potocnik F Erasmus R 《Metabolic brain disease》2004,19(1-2):97-112
Cerebral inflammation plays a role in diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and depression. Iron is involved in infection and inflammation through free radical production. Theoretically transferrin should prohibit iron from participating in oxidative reactions, but transferrin has also been found to promote free radical damage. We reported previously that isolation of transferrin from plasma by ion exchange column chromatography produced a broad pink protein band that subsequently separated on a gel filtration column into three proteins containing many metals. In this study some properties of the three proteins were studied in 20 volunteers. Protein 3 (identified as transferrin by nephelometry) contained the most iron while Protein 1 (called "toxiferrin") contained significantly less iron (p < 0.00001). Plasma from volunteers obtained under conditions of infection/inflammation with fever (n = 5) had a significantly increased toxiferrin to transferrin ratio compared to healthy volunteers (n = 15; p < 0.001). In vitro, Protein 2 and transferrin inhibited lipid peroxidation, while toxiferrin (possibly a protease degradation product of transferrin), enhanced lipid peroxidation. Also, toxiferrin (1 mg/mL) caused a significant increase in viability of monocytes as measured by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction test, as well as the morphological transformation of monocytes to macrophages. 相似文献
7.
Potocnik J 《European journal of immunology》2007,37(5):1157-1158
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10.
Simona?Kranjc Maja?Cemazar Alenka?Grosel Marjeta?Sentjurc Gregor?SersaEmail author 《BMC cancer》2005,5(1):115