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排序方式: 共有886条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Catherine Guette Christian Legros Guewen Tournois Max Goyffon Marie-Louise Célérier 《Toxicon》2006,47(6):640-649
In order to establish a venom fingerprint and a peptide profile of the Lasiodora parahybana tarantula venom gland, we used conventional methods such as reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to an electrospray-ionisation hybrid quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer (LC/ESI-QqTOFMS), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight-MS (MALDI-TOFMS) and direct study of L. parahybana venom by nanospray-ionization QqTOFMS (nanoESI-QqTOFMS) and a new technology for the direct analysis of fresh tissues using MALDI-TOFMS. The analysis of the crude venom allowed the characterization of specific juvenile and adult biomarkers. In situ MALDI analysis of L. parahybana venom gland sections revealed different peptide expression levels all along the gland and non-processed peptide precursors, demonstrating the power of the method for the dynamic investigation of peptide evolution in the venom gland of spiders. 相似文献
2.
Walking exercise in patients with intermittent claudication. Experience in routine clinical practice.
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Marie-Louise Bartelink Henri E J H Stoffers Cornelis J Biesheuvel Arno W Hoes 《The British journal of general practice》2004,54(500):196-200
BACKGROUND: In patients with intermittent claudication, exercise in the form of walking is effective in reducing pain and maximising achievable walking distance. However, data are lacking on the implementation of walking exercise in these patients. AIMS: To explore the current behaviour and views of patients with intermittent claudication towards taking walking exercise. DESIGN OF STUDY: Postal questionnaire and focus group meetings. SETTING: Two academic general practice networks (Utrecht and Maastricht Universities) in The Netherlands. METHOD: Three hundred and seventy-five patients with intermittent claudication, selected from the files of general practitioners participating in two academic general practice networks, were sent a postal questionnaire; 216 (58%) were returned. Nine of these responders also attended a focus group meeting. RESULTS: Seventy per cent (151/216) of the patients reported having received advice about walking exercise. If specified, the advice given most often recommended walking in the local neighbourhood (56%, 84/151). Fifty-two per cent (113/216) of all patients actually performed walking exercise and only 32%of them received any kind of supervision. Among the barriers for taking walking exercise, 'comorbidity', 'lack of (specific) advice' and 'lack of supervision' were often mentioned. Among the stimuli to start and continue walking, 'following the doctor's advice', 'relief of complaints' and 'a better general condition' were often mentioned by patients. CONCLUSIONS: Walking exercise was not carried out by almost half of patients with intermittent claudication in this study. Lack of specific advice and supervision were found to be important barriers to taking walking exercise. 相似文献
3.
Marie-Louise Muff Christensen Umbreen Yousaf Gerda Engholm Hans Henrik Storm 《European journal of cancer prevention》2006,15(3):266-268
More suicides than expected (standardized mortality ratio=1.3; 95% confidence interval=1.1-1.6) compared to the population risk were found among Danish women with a diagnosis of non-melanoma skin cancer in the period 1971-1999 but not among men. The increased risk might be associated with a different personality type in this cancer group. 相似文献
4.
5.
Hülser DF Rütz ML Eckert R Traub O 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》2001,441(4):521-528
We have compared the functional and structural integrity of gap junction channels assembled from a Cx45 truncation mutant with those of gap junction channels assembled from wild-type (wt) Cx45 and Cx43. These channel-forming proteins are constitutively expressed in HeLa cells. The truncation mutant lacks the last 26 amino acids of the COOH-terminus, including nine serine phosphorylation sites that are associated with regulatory processes of these channels. We determined the presence of gap junction plaques in these cells with the immunogold freeze fracture technique, which showed that plaque formation is similar in all the clones investigated. Junctional permeability was probed with calcein transfer and flow cytometry analyses and junctional conductance was measured in cell pairs with double whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. For homotypic pairing only the truncated mutant did not form permeable channels. However, coupling was restored for heterotypic channels (pairing wtCx45- or wtCx43- with mutant-connexons), whose junctional communication was not different from that of the homotypic channels. Our results indicate that the presence of gap junction plaques does not warrant functional coupling and that heterotypic trCx45/wtCx45 channels can be regulated by the intact wtCx45 connexons. This dominant-positive effect is also operative when wtCx43 are paired with trCx45 connexons. 相似文献
6.
Hera Der-Sarkissian Catherine Bonaïti-Pellié Marie-Louise Briard-Guillemot Jean-Michel Zucker 《Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics》1982,7(1):73-77
Spontaneous and mitomycin C(MMC)-induced sisyer chromatid exchanges were studied in 11 patients with retinoblastoma and 7 normal controls. Spontaneous rates were similar in patients and in controls. The MMC-induced rate was found to be significantly higher in bilaterally affected patients than in controls. It is suggested that this increase may be due to a DNA repair deficiency. However, it is not possible to clarify wether this abnormality is associated with the retinoblastoma gene or with another factor acting on the degree of expressivity of the disease in gene carriers. 相似文献
7.
B. Himpens M. L. Lydrup P. Hellstrand R. Casteels 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1990,417(4):404-409
The free intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured simultaneously with isometric force in strips of guinea-pig mesotubarium using the Fura-2 technique. During the relaxed period (5–15 min) between spontaneous contractions [Ca2+]i continues to decrease after full mechanical relaxation to reach a minimal level of 86±8 nM (n=9) just before the start of the next contraction. During the spontaneous contractions (5–15 min) [Ca2+]i reached a maximum of 211±19 nM and then oscillated between 155±16 nM and 194±9 nM. Increased extracellular Ca2+ concentration to 10 mM from the standard concentration of 1.5 mM caused a decreased frequency of spontaneous contractions and an increase in [Ca2+]i both in the relaxed and contracted states. In 10 mM extracellular Ca2+, addition of AlF4
–, as 1 mM NaF + 10 M AlCl3, caused a sustained increase in [Ca2+]i and maintained force. Addition of verapamil (10 M) in this situation decreased [Ca2+]i to the resting level. The results suggest that the cyclic appearance of trains of action potentials is related to variation in [Ca2+]i, possibly via inactivation of Ca2+-dependent K+ channels. 相似文献
8.
Pajot A Pancré V Fazilleau N Michel ML Angyalosi G Ojcius DM Auriault C Lemonnier FA Lone YC 《International immunology》2004,16(9):1275-1282
Transgenic mice expressing human HLA class II molecules provide a useful model for identifying HLA-restricted CD4+ epitopes. However, the influence of endogenous murine H-2-restricted T cell responses on HLA-restricted responses is not known. In the present study, we show that HLA-DR1 transgenic mice deficient for H-2 class II expression (HLA-DR1+/+/IAbeta0/0) exhibit an equivalent expression level of the transgene HLA-DR1 and a similar diversity in the TCR repertoire, but a slightly different number of CD4+ peripheral T cells, when compared to HLA-DR1 transgenic mice in which H-2 class II molecules were retained (HLA-DR1+/+/IAbeta+/+). More importantly, a strong antigen-specific HLA-DR1-restricted response was observed in nearly all HLA-DR1+/+/IAbeta0/0 mice immunized with HBV envelope protein (HBs) or capsid protein (HBc), whereas weak HBs- or HBc-specific HLA-DR1-restricted responses were detected in half of the immunized HLA-DR1+/+/IAbeta+/+ mice. Conversely, strong HBs- or HBc-specific H-2-restricted T cell responses were detected in HLA-DR1+/+/IAbeta+/+ mice but not in HLA-DR1+/+/IAbeta0/0 mice. Our results indicate that the coexpression of endogenous H-2 class II molecules reduces the intensity of HLA-DR1-restricted antigen-specific responses in transgenic mice, by favoring murine over human MHC recognition and education. Thus, HLA-DR1+/+/IAbeta0/0 mice represent a better model for identifying and characterizing HLA-DR1-restricted epitopes relevant for human disease. 相似文献
9.
Symptomatic peripheral arterial disease: the value of a validated questionnaire and a clinical decision rule
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Bianca LW Bendermacher Joep AW Teijink Edith M Willigendael Marie-Louise Bartelink Harry R Büller Ron JG Peters Jelis Boiten Machteld Langenberg Martin H Prins 《The British journal of general practice》2006,56(533):932-937
BACKGROUND: If a validated questionnaire, when applied to patients reporting with symptoms of intermittent claudication, could adequately discriminate between those with and without peripheral arterial disease, GPs could avoid the diagnostic measurement of the ankle brachial index. AIM: To investigate the Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire (ECQ) in general practice and to develop a clinical decision rule based on risk factors to enable GPs to easily assess the likelihood of peripheral arterial disease. DESIGN OF STUDY: An observational study. SETTING: General practice in The Netherlands. METHOD: This observational study included patients of > or =55 years visiting their GP for symptoms suggestive of intermittent claudication or with one risk factor. The ECQ and the ankle brachial index were performed. The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease, defined as an ankle brachial index <0.9, was related to risk factors using logistic regression analyses, on which a clinical decision rule was developed and related to the presence of peripheral arterial disease. RESULTS: Of the 4790 included patients visiting their GP with symptoms suggestive of intermittent claudication, 4527 were eligible for analyses. The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in this group was 48.3%. The sensitivity of the ECQ was only 56.2%. The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a clinical decision rule that included age, male sex, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and a positive ECQ, increased from 14% in the lowest to 76% in the highest category. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the ECQ alone has an inadequate diagnostic value in detecting patients with peripheral arterial disease. The ankle brachial index should be performed to diagnose peripheral arterial disease in patients with complaints suggestive of intermittent claudication, although our clinical decision rule could help to differentiate between extremely high and lower prevalence of peripheral arterial disease. 相似文献
10.
Clozapine (3.8–60.0 µmol kg?1) did not produce any alterations in DOPA accumulation (following inhibition of cerebral aromaticl-amino acid decarboxylase) in the prefrontal cortex or in three regions of the neostriatum, i.e. the ventral, the dorso-lateral and the posterior regions, in the rat. In contrast, clozapine produced a reduction in the 5-HTP accumulation in all these brain areas, except for the prefrontal cortex. Raclopride (0.08–20.0 µmol kg?1) produced a marked increase in DOPA accumulation in all four brain regions and an increase in 5-HTP accumulation in the dorso-lateral neostriatum (2.5–20.0 µmol kg?1), but not in the other forebrain regions. Treatment with SCH-23390 (0.4–1.6 µmol kg?1) resulted in increased DOPA accumulation in the ventral and posterior parts of the neostriatum. No other changes in the DOPA or 5-HTP accumulation were seen with SCH-23390. Considering the doses of these three compounds needed for suppression of conditioned avoidance behavior and for the induction of cataleptic rigidity, it is concluded that raclopride produces an increased DA synthesis at much lower doses than those needed for behavioral effects. In contrast, the behavioral effects of SCH-23390 or clozapine precedes effects on brain DA synthesis on the dose-effect curve. In fact, the only biochemical effect of clozapine, which was observed in low, yet behaviorally active doses, was a decrease in forebrain 5-HTP accumulation. In conclusion, the present results demonstrate a mismatch, in different directions for raclopride and SCH-23390, as regards the doses needed to produce effects on brain dopamine synthesis and on behavior. Thus, the biochemical effects are seen with lower doses than the behavioral effects for the DA D2 receptor blocking agent, whereas the opposite relationship is the case for the DA D1 receptor antagonist. Taking these two DA receptor subtypes into consideration, the possibility should be considered that clozapine produces its antipsychotic-like behavioral effects on animal behavior primarily by a blockade of brain DA D1, rather than D2, receptors. 相似文献