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Two cases of bipartite tarsal navicular bone are presented. The radiographic and computed tomography (CT) findings of this anatomical variant are described. Correct recognition of this entity is important, both because it may be the cause of symptoms perse, and because it may be misdiagnosed as a fracture. When plain films are not diagnostic, CT scanning is helpful in distinguishing between a fracture and this variant. 相似文献
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Rosenberg ZS; Jahss MH; Noto AM; Shereff MJ; Cheung Y; Frey CC; Norman A 《Radiology》1988,167(2):489-493
Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 42 patients with 49 clinically suspected tears of the posterior tibial tendon. Twenty-eight of the 49 suspected tears were subsequently surgically explored and repaired. Three patterns of tendon abnormalities were recognized on CT scans: type I-intact, hypertrophied, heterogeneous tendon; type II-attenuated tendon; and type III-absence of a portion of a tendon. Types I and II correlated with partial rupture seen during surgery, and type III correlated with complete rupture of the tendon. CT findings were accurate in 96% of the patients who underwent surgery. In four cases (14%), tendon rupture was seen on CT scans, but the extent of the injury was underestimated and the rupture was misclassified. Reactive periostitis of the distal tibia was seen in 71% of diseased tendons and may represent an important factor in the diagnosis of tendon rupture. 相似文献
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Peroneus quartus muscle: MR imaging features 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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拉米夫定(lamivudine)抗乙型肝炎病毒治疗中耐药突变发生率高,文献报道在拉米夫定治疗1,2,3,4,5a时分别为14%,38%,49%,66%,69%.耐药突变可导致血清HBVDNA水平阳转或明显上升,肝功能严重受损,甚至病情恶化死亡.关于拉米夫定抗乙型肝炎病毒治疗中耐药突变的后续治疗目前国内外尚无统一用药方案,单药治疗(如:继续使用拉米夫定、阿德福韦、恩替卡韦)在临床使用中已经取得了一定疗效,联合抗病毒治疗和中医药治疗是今后研究的方向. 相似文献
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Lukashenko PV Lukashenko TM Savanovich II Sandakov DB Gerein V 《Neuroimmunomodulation》2004,11(1):36-40
OBJECTIVES: The peripheral administration of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), widely used for the treatment of cytopenias, is often associated with neurological effects [Lieschke et al., N Engl J Med 1992;327:28-34]. This cytokine has recently been reported to affect neurotransmitter metabolism in the nervous system [Bianchi, Neuroreport 1997;8:3587-3590]. To further investigate the neuromodulatory effect of GM-CSF we studied the influence of GM-CSF on the efferent electric activity in the splenic nerve and the integral neuronal activity in medullary gigantocellular reticular formation (MGRF) in rats. METHODS: Anaesthetized (sodium thiopental 70 mg/kg, i.p.) Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with 1 microg/kg of hr GM-CSF. Efferent electric activity in the splenic nerve and integral electric activity in MGRF were analyzed. The effectiveness of the applied dose of GM-CSF was verified by determining the elevation of the white blood cell count in peripheral blood 60 min after injection. RESULTS: We found that GM-CSF increases efferent electric activity in the splenic nerve and decreases that of MGRF as is evident by the frequency of electric discharges. The latency of both effects was 5-15 min. CONCLUSIONS: This data support the view that GM-CSF exerts a neuromodulatory effect and may provide a new link of neuroimmune communication. 相似文献
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目的 :寻找具有正性肌力活性的化合物。方法 :根据文献报道的二氢喹啉酮类正性肌力药物的结构特点 ,设计、合成了其类似物。以苯胺为起始原料经多步合成 ,对所得化合物用离体豚鼠心脏与主动脉观察了心肌收缩力、扩血管作用及心率。结果 :合成了 1 0个 6 ( 4 酰基 1 哌嗪乙酰氨基 ) 3 ,4 二氢 2 ( 1H) 喹啉酮类化合物 ( 4a~ 4j) ,均为未见文献报道的化合物。结论 :初步药理试验表明 ,化合物 ( 4h)显示了正性肌力及扩血管活性。 相似文献